The full name of OFDM is Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing. This technology is the base of HPA (HomePlug Power line Alliance) industry regulation; it adopts discontinuous multi-tone technology to combine large quantity of signals into single signal to realize signal transmission. On account of the technology with feature transmitting signal under spurious-wave interference, therefore it is available to transmit media easily to be interfered by outside or with low anti-interference capability.
In fact, OFDM is not new technology developed nowadays; its application has nearly 40 years history which mainly used for military wireless high frequency communication system. But OFDM system structure is so complicated that limit its further development. Until 70s, discrete fourier transform was put forward to simplify system structure and OFDM technology became practical. In 80s applying OFDM technology on high rate MODEM was under research. Since 90s, OFDM technology extended to broadband data transmission on wireless frequency modulation channel. At present OFDM technology has been extensively applied to broadcast audio and video field and civilian communication system, mainly are: Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL), Digital Audio Broadcast (DAB),Digital Video Broadcast, High Definition TV (HDTV),Wireless Local Network (WLAN) conform to ETSI standard.
OFDM is high speed transmission technology under wireless environment. Frequency response curve of wireless channel are mostly unevenly, while the main idea of OFDM technology lies in dividing given channel into many quadrature sub-channels in frequency field, modulating using sub-carrier wave on each sub-channel and every sub-carrier wave operate parallel transmission. Thus although the overall channel is unevenly with frequency selectivity, but relatively each sub-channel is even, narrow band transmission carries on each sub-channel and the signal band width is smaller than the appropriate band width of channel, therefore interference among wave shape can be decreased greatly. Due to quadrature one another for carrier wave on each sub-channel in OFDM system, thus their spectrums are overlapped one another which not only decreases interference among sub-carrier waves but also boosts spectrum efficiency.OFDM technology is Multi-Carrier Modulation, (MCM).Actually it is not precise to mix OFDM and MCM in some articles. Usually MCM and OFDM are available in wireless channel, the difference lies in: OFDM stands for to divide channel into quadrature sub-channel with high channel frequency; while MCM can be more channel dividing modes.OFDM technology is designed to boost carrier wave spectrum efficiency or improve multi-carrier modulation, its feature is quadrature one another for every carrier wave to overlap spectrum after spreading modulation one another and therefore reducing interference one another among sub-carrier waves. After completing modulation to each carrier wave, it applies a processing technology named HomePlug to increase data throughout and boost data transmission speed and therefore to combined processing to all carrier waves to be sent data signal bit to send a individual transmission signal combined numerous single signal into a individual transmission signal. Otherwise one of the reasons OFDM is paid attention specially is that it can utilize Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform/Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT/DFT) to replace multi-carrier modulation and demodulation.Can send large quantity of data in narrow band width. At least 1000 digital signals can be divided simultaneously, and the feature can operate safely surrounding interfered signals will threaten directly CDMA technology be in vogue to expand further, the special signal penertating?does make OFDM technology is interested deeply by European communication operator and mobile manufacture, such as California Cisco System Company, NewYork Flarion Industrial Institute and Lucent Industrial Institute and Canada Wi-LAN Industrial Institute.(2) OFDM technology can constantly monitor abrupt change on transmission media, as data transmission capability on communication path changes with time, OFDM can adapt it dynamically, connect and cut appropriate carriers to assure successful communication;(3) Can detect automatically which special carrier under transmission media exists high signal attenuation or interference pulse and then adopts appropriate modulating to designate carrier under frequency to communicate;(4) OFDM technology is suitable to high building, high density residence and protrudenting geological place and area to sow signals, the place where need to delete multi-path interference for high speed data transmission and broadcasting.
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