700c Flip Flop Hub: Composition, Types, and How It Optimizes Industrial Performance

Types of 700c Flip Flop Hubs

A 700c flip flop hub is a versatile rear bicycle hub designed for single-speed or fixed-gear bikes, allowing riders to run different drivetrain configurations on either side of the wheel. These hubs are widely used in urban commuting, track cycling, and minimalist road setups due to their simplicity and adaptability. The 700c size refers to the standard diameter for modern road and hybrid wheels, offering optimal balance between speed, efficiency, and tire availability.

Single-Sided Flip Flop Hub

Features one side with a fixed-gear thread and the other with a freewheel thread, enabling dual functionality in a simple design.

Advantages

• Simple and reliable design
• Easy to install and maintain
• Ideal for beginners and casual riders
• Cost-effective manufacturing

Limitations

• Limited configuration options
• Less versatile than dual-sided models
• Requires wheel removal to switch modes

Best for: Commuter bikes, leisure riders, city cycling, entry-level fixed-gear setups

Dual-Sided Flip Flop Hub

Equipped with freewheel threads on both sides, allowing full customization—fixed on one side and freewheel on the other, or dual freewheel setups.

Advantages

• Maximum versatility in drivetrain options
• Great for training and skill development
• Enables quick adaptation to terrain or riding style
• Popular in urban track and fixie culture

Limitations

• Slightly heavier due to dual threading
• More complex setup process
• Higher cost than basic models

Best for: Urban track bikes, training wheels, riders exploring fixed vs. freewheel dynamics

Asymmetric Flip Flop Hub

Engineered with offset flanges to balance spoke tension, especially on the drive side where chain forces are strongest.

Advantages

• Improved wheel durability and trueness
• Better power transfer efficiency
• Reduced risk of spoke breakage
• Optimized for high-torque applications

Limitations

• Less common and harder to source
• Requires precise wheel building
• Typically more expensive

Best for: Track racing bikes, sprint disciplines, high-performance fixed-gear setups

Sealed Bearing Flip Flop Hub

Features fully enclosed bearings that protect against dirt, water, and debris for long-term smooth performance.

Advantages

• Low maintenance and long service life
• Smooth, consistent spin quality
• Ideal for wet or off-road conditions
• Resists corrosion and contamination

Limitations

• Higher initial investment
• More complex bearing replacement
• May be overkill for dry-weather commuters

Best for: All-weather riders, winter cycling, gravel or urban exploration, low-maintenance builds

Type	Versatility	Durability	Maintenance	Ideal Use Case
Single-Sided	Basic	Good	Low	Commuting, casual riding
Dual-Sided	High	Good	Low	Urban track, training
Asymmetric	Moderate	Excellent	Moderate	Track racing, sprinting
Sealed Bearing	High	Excellent	Very Low	All-weather, off-road, minimal maintenance

Expert Tip: When installing a flip flop hub, always use a thread locker (like Loctite) on the lockring to prevent loosening from backward pedaling forces, especially on fixed-gear sides. Also, ensure proper chain tension on both sides to avoid slippage or excessive wear.

Factors That Affect the Flip Flop Hub 700C

The 700C flip flop hub is a versatile and popular choice among single-speed and fixed-gear cyclists due to its dual functionality and compact design. This rear hub allows riders to switch between a freewheel and a fixed-gear setup simply by flipping the wheel around. However, several key factors influence its performance, longevity, and suitability for different riding styles. Understanding these elements ensures better selection, maintenance, and overall riding experience.

Key Factors Influencing Flip Flop Hub Performance

Durability and Weather Resistance

The material and construction of a flip flop hub significantly impact its lifespan and reliability under various conditions. Steel hubs are known for their exceptional strength and resistance to wear, making them ideal for heavy-duty use or urban commuting where impacts and load stress are common. However, they are heavier than aluminum alternatives.

In contrast, aluminum alloy hubs offer a lightweight solution that enhances acceleration and overall bike efficiency. While not as robust as steel, modern anodized aluminum hubs provide decent corrosion resistance. For optimal weather protection, especially in wet or muddy environments, hubs with sealed cartridge bearings are highly recommended. These bearings prevent water, dirt, and debris from entering the internal mechanism, reducing wear and maintaining smooth operation over time.

Additionally, chrome-plated or stainless steel axles further enhance durability and rust resistance, particularly important for riders in coastal or rainy climates.

Maintenance and Repair Simplicity

One of the greatest advantages of the flip flop hub is its low-maintenance design and ease of repair. Since it features two different threading sides—one for a freewheel and one for a fixed cog—riders can extend the life of their drivetrain by simply flipping the wheel when one side becomes worn.

This dual-use capability reduces the need for frequent replacements and lowers long-term ownership costs. Hubs with sealed bearings require minimal servicing; occasional cleaning and inspection are usually sufficient to maintain peak performance. In contrast, cup-and-cone bearing systems may need regular adjustment and repacking, which demands more technical knowledge and tools.

For casual riders or those with limited mechanical experience, choosing a flip flop hub with a sealed bearing system ensures reliable performance with less hands-on maintenance, making it a practical choice for city commuting or recreational riding.

Riding Style and Cycling Conditions

The choice between freewheel and fixed-gear sides of the hub should align with your riding style and typical terrain. The freewheel side allows coasting—pedaling only when you want to move forward—making it perfect for casual riders, commuters, or those navigating hilly areas where frequent stops and starts occur.

On the other hand, the fixed-gear side connects the pedals directly to the rear wheel, meaning the pedals turn whenever the wheel turns. This setup is favored by track cyclists and urban riders seeking a more direct connection to the road. It also promotes improved leg strength, pedal efficiency, and rhythm, making it a popular training tool for competitive cyclists.

Environmental conditions also play a role. Riders in wet or off-road conditions benefit from sealed bearings and robust materials, while those in dry, flat cities may prioritize weight savings and simplicity. Urban riders often appreciate the fixed gear for its responsiveness and braking potential (via leg resistance), while suburban commuters might prefer the flexibility of coasting.

Compatibility and Installation

Ensuring compatibility between the flip flop hub and your bicycle frame is essential. Most 700C flip flop hubs are designed for standard track ends or horizontal dropouts, allowing proper chain tension adjustment. The hub must match your frame’s rear dropout spacing—typically 120mm for older road frames or 130mm for modern setups.

Additionally, check axle diameter (usually 3/8" or 10mm) and threading to ensure proper fit with nuts or end caps. Sprocket compatibility is another consideration: ensure the thread standard (e.g., ISO or British) matches your chosen cog and lockring. Using a proper lockring on the fixed side is critical for safety, as failure can lead to pedal lockup or loss of control.

Proper installation, including correct bearing preload and secure axle tightening, prevents premature wear and ensures smooth rotation. If unsure, professional wheel building or installation is recommended, especially when lacing the hub to a new rim.

Factor	Impact Level	Recommendations
Material (Steel vs. Aluminum)	High	Choose steel for durability and load capacity; aluminum for lightweight and efficiency
Bearing Type	High	Sealed cartridge bearings for low maintenance and weather resistance; cup-and-cone for adjustability
Riding Style	High	Freewheel for casual/commuter use; fixed gear for training, track, or urban riding
Environmental Conditions	Medium	Sealed hubs recommended for wet, muddy, or salty environments
Frame Compatibility	High	Verify dropout spacing, axle size, and threading before purchase

Best Practices for Long-Term Use

Regular Inspection: Check for play in the hub, grinding noises, or difficulty rotating. Inspect lockrings and sprockets for wear or looseness, especially on the fixed-gear side.

Cleaning and Lubrication: Wipe down the hub regularly and avoid high-pressure water near the axle ends. For cup-and-cone hubs, repack bearings annually or as needed.

Chain Tension Management: Maintain proper chain tension to prevent slippage (freewheel) or chain breakage (fixed gear). Re-tension after initial rides and over time as the chain stretches.

Use Quality Components: Invest in hardened steel cogs and proper lockrings to avoid stripping threads or dangerous failures.

Rotate Usage: Alternate between freewheel and fixed sides periodically to balance wear and extend overall hub life.

Important: Always ensure the fixed-gear side is secured with a proper lockring to prevent accidental unscrewing during back-pedaling or skid stops. Failure to do so can result in serious injury. Additionally, never ride a fixed-gear bike without adequate braking control—many regions require a front brake even on fixed setups for safety compliance.

Use Cases of the 700C Flip-Flop Hub

The 700C flip-flop hub is a versatile component that bridges the gap between fixed-gear and freewheel cycling, offering riders flexibility, simplicity, and performance across various riding styles. By featuring two different threading options on either side of the hub—one for a fixed gear and one for a freewheel—this design allows cyclists to switch between riding modes simply by flipping the rear wheel. Below are the most common and effective use cases that highlight the value of this innovative hub design.

Urban Commuting

For city dwellers, bicycles serve multiple roles: transportation, fitness, and recreation. The 700C flip-flop hub enhances urban cycling by offering dual functionality in a single wheel setup. Riders can use the freewheel side for everyday commuting, allowing coasting at traffic lights and stop signs, while switching to the fixed-gear side for a more engaging, connected ride that improves pedal efficiency and leg strength.

• Switch between relaxed commuting and fitness-focused rides without needing a second bike
• Fixed-gear mode promotes better cadence control and rider awareness in traffic
• Reduced mechanical complexity means lower maintenance and fewer breakdowns

Practical benefit: Ideal for cyclists seeking a minimalist, low-maintenance urban machine with adaptable performance.

Track Racing

Flip-flop hubs are a staple in track cycling, where fixed-gear bikes dominate due to their direct power transfer and precise control. On velodromes, riders rely on fixed gears to maintain consistent pedaling rhythm and speed, essential for sprints and endurance events. The flip-flop design allows racers and coaches to quickly switch between fixed and freewheel configurations for training, testing, or skill development.

• Enables use of the same wheelset for both race simulation (fixed) and recovery rides (freewheel)
• Facilitates beginner training by allowing temporary use of freewheel mode before transitioning to fixed gear
• Supports mechanics in quick gear ratio testing during tune-ups or race prep

Performance insight: Provides competitive cyclists with adaptable equipment that meets both regulatory and training demands.

Single-Speed Conversion

Many cyclists convert geared road or hybrid bikes into single-speeds for simplicity, durability, and aesthetic appeal. The 700C flip-flop hub is a popular choice for these conversions because it allows riders to experiment with both fixed and freewheel setups using the same frame and wheel. This eliminates the need for specialized frames or costly components.

• Cost-effective way to repurpose an old or unused bicycle into a sleek city bike
• Perfect for DIY enthusiasts and custom bike builders seeking mechanical versatility
• Supports easy reversal—switch back to freewheel if fixed-gear riding proves too demanding

Smart upgrade: Offers a reversible, low-risk entry point into fixed-gear culture without permanent modifications.

Spinning & Indoor Cycling Workouts

In fitness environments such as gyms and spin studios, 700C flip-flop hubs are used in custom-built or retrofitted indoor bikes. The fixed-gear side simulates the continuous pedal motion required in spin classes, enhancing cardiovascular endurance and leg strength. Meanwhile, the freewheel side allows for varied programming, including interval training with coasting phases.

• Delivers a realistic road cycling experience with no coasting on the fixed side
• Enables studios to offer different class types using the same fleet of bikes
• Reduces equipment costs by maximizing the utility of each bike

Fitness advantage: Supports diverse training modalities while maintaining mechanical reliability under heavy use.

Expert Tip: When building or converting a bike with a flip-flop hub, ensure proper chain tension and alignment on both sides. Use a high-quality lockring on the fixed side to prevent loosening under back-pedaling forces. Pair the hub with a durable 700C rim and appropriate gearing (typically 42–48T chainring with 15–18T cog) for balanced performance across both modes.

Use Case	Primary Mode Used	Key Benefit	Ideal For
Urban Commuting	Freewheel (commute), Fixed (training)	Dual-purpose versatility	City riders, fitness-conscious commuters
Track Racing	Fixed (race), Freewheel (training)	Rapid setup changes	Velodrome athletes, cycling coaches
Single-Speed Conversion	Either, depending on preference	Cost-effective customization	DIY builders, minimalist cyclists
Indoor Cycling	Fixed (spin), Freewheel (intervals)	Training flexibility	Fitness studios, home gyms

Additional Considerations

• Gear Ratios: Choose appropriate chainring and cog combinations based on terrain and fitness level—higher ratios for flat areas, lower for hills.
• Chain Tension: Proper tension is critical on both sides; use horizontal dropouts or track ends for adjustment.
• Lockring Safety: Always use a hardened lockring on the fixed-gear side to prevent unscrewing due to precession.
• Maintenance: Regularly inspect hub threads and axle for wear, especially in high-mileage or commercial applications.
• Frame Compatibility: Ensure the frame has sufficient dropout clearance and supports rear wheel reversal.

How To Choose The 700C Flip-Flop Hub: A Comprehensive Buyer’s Guide

A 700C flip-flop hub is a versatile component ideal for single-speed or fixed-gear bicycles, allowing riders to switch between two different drivetrain configurations—typically one fixed gear and one freewheel—by simply flipping the rear wheel around. This makes it a popular choice among urban commuters, track cyclists, and minimalist bike enthusiasts. However, selecting the right flip-flop hub requires careful consideration of several key factors including material quality, gear compatibility, hub spacing, and bearing type. This guide breaks down each critical aspect to help you make an informed decision based on your riding style, terrain, and maintenance preferences.

Important Note: Always verify compatibility with your frame, dropout style, and wheel build before purchasing a flip-flop hub. Installing an incompatible hub can lead to poor performance, safety risks, or damage to your bicycle frame.

1. Material and Build Quality

The material used in a flip-flop hub's construction significantly impacts its durability, weight, and overall performance. Most hubs are made from either aluminum alloy, chromoly steel, or high-grade forged steel, each offering distinct advantages:

• Aluminum Alloy: Lightweight and corrosion-resistant, aluminum hubs are ideal for riders seeking reduced rotational weight. However, they may not be as durable under heavy loads or rough conditions.
• Chromoly Steel (CrMo): Offers excellent strength-to-weight balance and superior durability. Commonly used in commuter and touring bikes due to its resilience in urban environments and long-term reliability.
• Forged Steel: Heaviest but most robust option, perfect for riders who frequently carry loads, ride in harsh weather, or prioritize longevity over weight savings.

For casual riders and commuters, a slightly heavier steel hub may offer better value through extended lifespan. Performance-oriented cyclists may prefer aluminum for its lightweight characteristics, especially when building a track or racing setup.

Expert Tip: Look for hubs with CNC-machined threading and hardened axle surfaces—these features enhance precision, thread integrity, and resistance to wear over time.

2. Gear Ratios and Sprocket Sizes

One of the primary benefits of a flip-flop hub is the ability to run two different gear ratios, enabling adaptability to varying terrain and riding conditions. The choice of sprocket (cog) size on each side determines how easy or hard it is to pedal:

• Smaller Sprockets (e.g., 13–15T): Provide higher gear ratios, ideal for flat terrain, high-speed cruising, or track cycling where maximum efficiency and speed are desired.
• Larger Sprockets (e.g., 16–18T): Offer lower gear ratios, making climbing hills or starting from stops easier—perfect for hilly cities or stop-and-go commuting.

Common combinations include a fixed gear on one side (e.g., 48x16) and a freewheel on the other (e.g., 46x18), giving you both responsiveness and comfort. Consider your typical route: if you face frequent inclines, lean toward a lower ratio on at least one side. Use a gear calculator to simulate cadence and speed for various setups.

Sprocket Size (Teeth)	Gear Ratio Effect	Best For	Recommended Use Case
13–14T	Very high ratio	Track racing, fast flats	Experienced riders, high cadence
15–16T	High ratio	Urban speed, fitness riding	Daily commuters on flat routes
17–18T	Medium-low ratio	Hilly areas, relaxed pace	Casual riders, cargo bikes
19T+	Low ratio	Steep climbs, heavy loads	Touring, utility cycling

3. Hub Spacing and Frame Compatibility

Hub spacing refers to the distance between the locknuts on the axle, which must match your bicycle’s rear dropout width. For most 700C road and commuter bikes, the standard rear hub spacing is 120mm or 130mm:

• 120mm: Traditional standard for older road bikes and track frames.
• 130mm: Modern road bike standard; some flip-flop hubs are designed specifically for this width.

Using a hub with incorrect spacing can result in misaligned wheels, poor chain tension, or frame stress. If converting a multi-speed bike to single-speed, you may need to respacing the frame (cold setting) or use a hub with adjustable end caps. Always measure your frame’s inside dropout width before purchase.

Additionally, ensure your frame supports horizontal or track-style dropouts, which allow for proper chain tension adjustment—a necessity for fixed-gear and single-speed setups.

Warning: Installing a 130mm hub in a 120mm frame without proper adjustment can damage the frame or create unsafe riding conditions. When in doubt, consult a professional bike mechanic.

4. Type of Bearings

The bearing system inside the hub affects maintenance frequency, smoothness, and longevity. There are two main types used in flip-flop hubs:

• Cone-and-Cup Bearings:

  A traditional design featuring loose ball bearings pressed between a threaded cone and a fixed cup. Advantages include:

  • Highly serviceable—can be cleaned, regreased, and adjusted without replacing parts
  • Cost-effective to maintain over time
  • Precise tuning of bearing preload for optimal smoothness

  However, they require more frequent maintenance and are more sensitive to improper adjustment or contamination.

• Sealed Cartridge Bearings:

  Enclosed, pre-assembled units that are pressed into the hub. Benefits include:

  • Superior protection against water, dirt, and debris
  • Lower maintenance—typically replaced rather than serviced
  • Consistent performance in wet or urban environments

  While slightly more expensive to replace, they offer greater reliability for commuters and all-weather riders.

Your choice should align with your maintenance habits and riding environment. Riders in rainy climates or those who prefer "set-and-forget" components often favor sealed bearings, while tinkerers and performance-focused cyclists may appreciate the adjustability of cone-and-cup systems.

Maintenance Tip: Regardless of bearing type, regular cleaning and lubrication of the drivetrain will extend the life of your hub, cogs, and chain. Wipe down the hub and sprockets after wet rides to prevent corrosion.

Final Selection Checklist

• ✅ Confirm hub spacing matches your frame (120mm or 130mm)
• ✅ Choose sprocket sizes that suit your terrain and riding style
• ✅ Select material based on durability vs. weight priorities
• ✅ Decide between sealed or cup-and-cone bearings based on maintenance preferences
• ✅ Ensure compatibility with 700C rim and desired spoke count (usually 32H or 36H)
• ✅ Verify axle length and thread type for your locknuts or end caps

By carefully evaluating these factors, you can select a 700C flip-flop hub that enhances your riding experience, whether you're navigating city streets, training on the track, or enjoying a low-maintenance commuter build. Remember, the best hub is not always the lightest or most expensive—it's the one that best matches your real-world needs and riding conditions.

Frequently Asked Questions About 700c Flip Flop Hubs

Q1: Can 700c flip flop hubs be used off-road?

Yes, many 700c flip flop hubs are built with durability in mind and can handle light off-road or trail riding, especially when paired with appropriate tires and rims. While they are commonly associated with urban commuting and track cycling, their strength and design make them suitable for gravel paths, packed dirt trails, and other non-extreme terrain.

• Frame Compatibility: Ensure your bike frame and fork can accommodate off-road use—clearance for wider tires is essential.
• Hub Quality: Higher-end flip flop hubs often feature chromoly axles and robust flanges that resist impact and stress from rough surfaces.
• Tire Choice: Using wider, treaded tires (e.g., 28–38mm) improves traction and shock absorption on uneven ground.
• Limitations: Avoid aggressive mountain biking or technical trails, as flip flop hubs are not designed for heavy-duty suspension forces or extreme drops.

In short, while not intended for serious mountain biking, 700c flip flop hubs can perform well on mixed-surface routes with moderate off-pavement sections.

Q2: What is the main purpose of a fixed gear in a flip flop hub?

The fixed-gear side of a flip flop hub connects the pedals directly to the rear wheel without a freewheel mechanism, meaning the wheel drives the pedals whenever the bike is moving. This setup is particularly valuable for training and skill development.

• Pedaling Efficiency: Riders must pedal continuously, promoting a smooth, circular stroke and improving cadence awareness.
• Muscle Engagement: Constant resistance builds leg strength, enhances cardiovascular endurance, and develops better neuromuscular coordination.
• Track Training: Fixed gears are standard in velodrome racing, so practicing with one prepares riders for competition.
• Simplified Mechanics: Fewer moving parts mean less maintenance and increased mechanical reliability.

Additionally, riding fixed helps improve bike handling and balance, especially at low speeds, making it a favorite among urban cyclists and cycling enthusiasts looking for a more connected riding experience.

Q3: How does one decide between a sealed bearing and a cone-and-cup bearing hub?

The choice between sealed cartridge bearings and traditional cone-and-cup bearings depends on your priorities: maintenance frequency, performance, and repairability.

Feature	Sealed Bearing Hubs	Cone-and-Cup Hubs
Weather Resistance	Excellent—sealed units protect against water, dirt, and debris.	Moderate—more vulnerable to contamination without regular maintenance.
Maintenance Needs	Low—bearings are replaced as a unit when worn.	Higher—requires periodic adjustment and cleaning of cones and cups.
Lifespan	Long if not damaged; replacement needed once worn.	Potentially longer with proper care and adjustments.
Repairability	Limited—requires replacement rather than repair.	High—individual components can be serviced or replaced.
Cost Over Time	Higher long-term cost due to replacement parts.	Lower cost with DIY maintenance; parts are inexpensive.
Best For	Riders in wet climates, commuters, or those seeking low maintenance.	Enthusiasts who enjoy tuning their bikes and want maximum serviceability.

For most casual riders and commuters, sealed bearings offer peace of mind and consistent performance. However, experienced mechanics or vintage bike owners may prefer the adjustability and longevity of cone-and-cup systems.

Q4: Are flip flop hubs compatible with any bike frame?

No, flip flop hubs are not universally compatible with all bike frames. Compatibility depends on several key factors:

• Rear Dropout Type: The frame must have horizontal or track-style dropouts to allow proper chain tension adjustment when switching between fixed and freewheel modes.
• Frame Spacing: Most 700c flip flop hubs are designed for 120mm or 126mm rear spacing. Older or modern frames may vary, so measuring is crucial.
• Chainline Alignment: The hub must position the chainring in line with the rear sprocket to prevent wear and inefficiency.
• Wheel Dish: Flip flop hubs are typically symmetrical, which works best with frames that don’t require significant wheel dishing (common in single-speed setups).
• Brake Compatibility: If using rim brakes, ensure there’s enough clearance for tires on both sides; disc-compatible frames may not support flip flop hubs unless designed for them.

Before purchasing or building a wheel with a flip flop hub, verify that your frame supports single-speed or fixed-gear configurations and has the necessary geometry for proper installation and function.

Q5: Is the installation of 700c flip flop hubs difficult?

Installation difficulty varies based on experience level and tools available. For riders with intermediate mechanical skills, building or installing a wheel with a 700c flip flop hub is manageable. However, beginners may find the process challenging without proper guidance.

• For Experienced Riders: If you're familiar with wheel truing, spoke tensioning, and dropout alignment, building a wheel around a flip flop hub is similar to any single-speed build—just ensure correct dish and tension.
• For Novices: Tasks like dishing the wheel, setting chain tension, and aligning the hub in the frame can be tricky. Mistakes may lead to poor performance or safety issues.
• Required Tools: Spoke wrench, truing stand (or use the frame), torque wrench, cone wrenches (for cone-and-cup), and chain tensioning tools.
• Time Investment: A first-time build may take 2–4 hours; experienced builders can complete it in under an hour.
• Pre-Built Option: Many riders opt for pre-assembled wheels to avoid complexity while still enjoying the benefits of a flip flop setup.

Following manufacturer instructions and using reliable resources (such as Park Tool guides or YouTube tutorials) can greatly simplify the process. When in doubt, consulting a professional bike mechanic ensures safety and optimal performance.