The Fundamentals of Aubo Robot: Characteristics, Standards, and Performance

Types of Aubo Robots

The Aubo robot represents a new generation of collaborative robots (cobots) engineered for seamless integration into modern industrial and commercial environments. Designed to work safely alongside human operators, Aubo cobots combine advanced safety features, intuitive programming, and compact design to deliver flexibility and efficiency. These robots are ideal for applications requiring precision, adaptability, and lightweight automation, such as assembly, packaging, quality inspection, material handling, and machine tending.

Aubo-I5

A compact and intelligent 6-axis collaborative robot with a 5 kg payload capacity and a reach of up to 885 mm.

Advantages

• High precision and repeatability (±0.02 mm)
• Lightweight and space-saving design
• User-friendly programming interface
• Suitable for delicate and intricate tasks
• ISO 13849 certified for safety (PL=d, Category 3)

Limitations

• Limited payload for heavy-duty tasks
• Shorter reach compared to larger models
• Best suited for small to medium workspaces

Best for: Electronics assembly, lab automation, small-part handling, and precision testing

Aubo-I10

A mid-range 6-axis cobot with a 10 kg payload and a 1,200 mm reach, offering enhanced strength and versatility.

Advantages

• Double the payload of the I5 model
• Ideal for medium-weight material handling
• Extended reach for larger workcells
• Seamless integration with vision systems and end-effectors
• Energy-efficient operation with low maintenance needs

Limitations

• Larger footprint than I5
• Higher initial investment
• May require additional safety fencing in high-speed applications

Best for: Packaging lines, CNC machine tending, palletizing, and industrial assembly

Aubo-H12

A high-payload 6-axis collaborative robot capable of handling up to 12 kg with a 1,300 mm reach, designed for demanding industrial tasks.

Advantages

• Strongest in the standard Aubo lineup (12 kg payload)
• Excellent for lifting and moving heavy components
• Maintains collaborative safety features despite high capacity
• Robust construction for continuous operation
• Compatible with a wide range of grippers and sensors

Limitations

• Higher power consumption
• Requires more floor space and structural support
• Premium pricing compared to lighter models

Best for: Heavy-duty material transfer, automotive component handling, and large-scale manufacturing

Aubo-i3 / i7 / 3D Series

Beyond the core models, Aubo offers additional variants including the i3 (3 kg), i7 (7 kg), and specialized 3D-series robots for complex spatial tasks.

Advantages

• Expanded range for diverse payload needs
• 3D models optimized for立体 (3D) motion and complex trajectories
• Scalable solutions for growing automation needs
• Modular design allows for easy customization

Limitations

• Some models may have limited availability
• 3D-series may require advanced programming skills
• Integration complexity increases with specialized functions

Best for: Custom automation cells, research & development, and multi-axis coordination tasks

Model	Payload Capacity	Reach (mm)	Repeatability	Primary Applications
Aubo-I5	5 kg	885	±0.02 mm	Assembly, testing, small-part handling
Aubo-I10	10 kg	1,200	±0.03 mm	Packaging, machine tending, palletizing
Aubo-H12	12 kg	1,300	±0.03 mm	Heavy material handling, automotive
Aubo-i3 / i7 / 3D	3–7 kg (varies)	630–1,000	±0.02–0.03 mm	Custom automation, R&D, 3D tasks

Expert Tip: When selecting an Aubo robot, consider not only payload and reach but also workspace layout, cycle time requirements, and compatibility with existing tools. The built-in safety features allow for reduced reliance on physical barriers, but risk assessment per ISO 10218 and ISO/TS 15066 is still recommended for full compliance.

These models represent just a portion of Aubo’s comprehensive cobot portfolio. With ongoing advancements in AI integration, force sensing, and cloud-based monitoring, Aubo continues to expand its capabilities, making collaborative robotics more accessible and effective across industries such as manufacturing, healthcare, logistics, and education.

Specifications and Maintenance of Industrial Robot Arms

Industrial robot arms are essential in modern automation, offering precision, consistency, and efficiency across manufacturing, assembly, packaging, and material handling applications. Understanding key specifications ensures optimal selection for specific tasks, while proactive maintenance extends service life and minimizes operational downtime.

Key Robot Arm Specifications

Payload Capacity

Payload refers to the maximum weight a robot arm can safely handle during operation, including the end-effector (gripper, suction cup, tool, etc.). Exceeding the specified payload can lead to reduced accuracy, increased wear on joints and motors, and potential mechanical failure.

Different robot models offer varying payload ranges—from lightweight collaborative robots (cobots) handling 3–10 kg, to heavy-duty industrial arms capable of lifting over 100 kg. Selecting the appropriate payload involves not only the weight of the object but also dynamic forces during acceleration and deceleration.

Reach (Work Envelope)

Reach defines the maximum radial distance from the robot’s base to the farthest point its end-effector can access, effectively determining the size of its working envelope. It is typically measured in millimeters or inches and varies significantly between models.

A longer reach allows the robot to service larger workspaces or multiple machines, such as loading/unloading CNC machines or palletizing across wide areas. However, increased reach often comes with trade-offs in speed, precision, and structural rigidity. Proper layout planning ensures the robot’s reach aligns with workstation dimensions and workflow requirements.

Degrees of Freedom (DOF)

Degrees of freedom represent the number of independent movements a robot arm can perform, typically corresponding to the number of rotary or linear joints. Most industrial robot arms have 6 DOF, enabling full spatial positioning (X, Y, Z) and orientation (roll, pitch, yaw).

Higher DOF increases flexibility, allowing the robot to navigate around obstacles, access confined spaces, and perform complex tasks like welding or assembly in tight geometries. Some specialized arms feature 7 or more DOF for enhanced dexterity, mimicking human-like motion. However, increased complexity may require more advanced programming and control systems.

Controller and Programming Interface

The controller acts as the central "brain" of the robot arm, processing commands, managing motion trajectories, and coordinating with sensors and peripheral devices. Modern controllers support various programming methods, including teach pendants, offline simulation software, and API integration for custom automation.

Advanced controllers offer features like path optimization, error recovery, real-time monitoring, and compatibility with Industry 4.0 systems. User-friendly interfaces and intuitive programming tools—especially in collaborative robots—allow operators with minimal training to deploy and reconfigure tasks quickly, enhancing operational agility and repeatability.

Specification	Typical Range	Selection Guidance
Payload	0.5 – 1000+ kg	Select based on total load (object + tool); include dynamic forces for high-speed applications
Reach	300 mm – 4000+ mm	Ensure full coverage of workspace; consider clearance and obstacles
Degrees of Freedom	4 – 7+ DOF	6 DOF standard for 3D tasks; 7+ DOF for complex maneuvers or obstacle avoidance
Repeatability	±0.02 mm – ±0.2 mm	Higher precision required for assembly, dispensing, or inspection tasks

Essential Maintenance Practices

Cleaning: Regularly remove dust, grease, coolant, and debris from the robot arm’s surface and joints. Accumulated contaminants can interfere with sensors, damage seals, and increase wear. Use non-abrasive, manufacturer-approved cleaning agents. For example, robots with IP67-rated waterproof coatings (like certain Aubo models) can be safely wiped down with damp cloths or disinfectant wipes without risking internal damage.

Lubrication: Proper lubrication of gears, bearings, and joint mechanisms is critical to maintaining smooth motion, minimizing friction, and preventing premature wear. Follow the manufacturer’s recommended lubrication schedule and use specified lubricants to avoid compatibility issues. Under- or over-lubrication can both lead to performance degradation.

Regular Inspections: Conduct routine visual and functional inspections to identify signs of wear, loose bolts, damaged cables, or abnormal noises. Check for play in joints, integrity of protective covers, and condition of the teach pendant and cabling. Early detection of issues prevents minor problems from escalating into major failures, reducing unplanned downtime and repair costs.

Calibration and Alignment: Periodically verify the robot’s positional accuracy and re-calibrate if necessary. Misalignment or drift can compromise precision, especially in high-tolerance applications. Use manufacturer-recommended tools and procedures for calibration.

Firmware and Software Updates: Keep the controller’s firmware and software up to date to benefit from performance improvements, bug fixes, and new features. Always back up programs before updating and test functionality afterward.

Important: Always consult the robot manufacturer’s operation and maintenance manual for model-specific guidelines. Operating the robot beyond its rated payload, speed, or environmental conditions can lead to safety hazards and void warranties. Scheduled preventive maintenance not only ensures reliable performance but also maximizes return on investment by extending the robot’s operational lifespan.

Scenarios of Aubo Robots: Industry Applications & Use Cases

Aubo collaborative robots (cobots) are designed for flexibility, safety, and ease of integration across a wide range of industries. Their intuitive programming, compact design, and advanced sensing capabilities make them ideal for automating repetitive, precision-driven, or hazardous tasks. Below is a detailed overview of how Aubo robots are transforming operations in key sectors.

Manufacturing

Aubo robots are a cornerstone in modern manufacturing environments, where precision and efficiency are paramount.

• Automate high-accuracy tasks such as arc welding, spot welding, and laser cutting with consistent quality
• Perform machine tending for CNC lathes, injection molding, and stamping presses, reducing downtime
• Handle painting and coating applications with uniform coverage and minimal waste
• Support assembly lines by placing components, screw driving, and final inspection
• Integrate with vision systems for real-time quality control and defect detection

Benefit: Increases throughput by up to 30% while reducing human error and workplace injuries.

Logistics & Warehousing

In logistics, Aubo robots streamline inventory handling and order fulfillment processes.

• Automate pick-and-place operations for sorting packages and managing SKUs
• Perform palletizing and depalletizing with customizable stacking patterns
• Assist in cycle counting and inventory audits using integrated barcode scanners
• Support e-commerce fulfillment centers with fast, accurate order picking
• Work alongside human operators in hybrid workspaces due to built-in safety features

Efficiency gain: Reduces order processing time and improves warehouse accuracy by over 98%.

Healthcare

Aubo robots are increasingly used in medical and laboratory settings to enhance safety and precision.

• Assist in minimally invasive surgeries by holding instruments or cameras with steady precision
• Automate repetitive lab tasks such as pipetting, sample mixing, and test tube handling
• Manage medication dispensing systems to reduce human error in pharmacies
• Transport biological samples between labs while maintaining sterile conditions
• Support telepresence applications for remote diagnostics and patient monitoring

Impact: Minimizes contamination risks and frees up medical staff for higher-value tasks.

Hospitality

Hotels, restaurants, and resorts use Aubo robots to elevate guest experiences and optimize operations.

• Deliver room service, towels, and amenities autonomously in hotels
• Provide interactive guest assistance at lobbies or concierge desks
• Support kitchen operations by preparing ingredients or monitoring cooking stations
• Perform floor cleaning and sanitization in high-traffic areas
• Engage guests with multilingual capabilities and friendly interfaces

Customer experience: Enhances service speed and creates a futuristic, memorable stay.

Retail

Retailers leverage Aubo robots to improve inventory accuracy and customer engagement.

• Scan shelves for out-of-stock items, pricing errors, and misplaced products
• Automate backroom inventory organization and restocking alerts
• Provide real-time data analytics for demand forecasting and supply chain optimization
• Offer in-store navigation and product information via interactive kiosks
• Support cashierless checkout systems through object recognition and tracking

Data advantage: Enables smarter decisions with continuous, accurate inventory insights.

Agriculture

Aubo robots support smart farming practices with precision and data-driven automation.

• Monitor crop health using multispectral imaging and AI analysis
• Perform selective harvesting of fruits and vegetables with gentle grippers
• Conduct soil sampling and nutrient analysis for optimized fertilization
• Automate seeding, pruning, and weeding in controlled environments
• Integrate with IoT systems for real-time environmental monitoring

Sustainability benefit: Reduces resource waste and increases yield through precision agriculture.

Education & STEM

Educational institutions use Aubo robots as hands-on tools for teaching robotics and automation.

• Teach programming concepts using intuitive drag-and-teach or script-based methods
• Support robotics labs and engineering projects with real-world applications
• Foster problem-solving, teamwork, and innovation in STEM curricula
• Demonstrate AI, machine vision, and sensor integration in classroom settings
• Prepare students for careers in automation and Industry 4.0

Learning outcome: Bridges theory and practice, making complex concepts accessible and engaging.

Construction

Aubo robots bring automation to construction sites for precision and safety-critical tasks.

• Perform on-site welding and metal fabrication with consistent quality
• Handle repetitive assembly tasks such as panel mounting or fastening
• Feed materials to cutting or bending machines in prefabrication workshops
• Assist in 3D printing of building components with high positional accuracy
• Reduce worker exposure to hazardous environments like high heat or toxic fumes

Safety advantage: Lowers risk of injury in high-risk construction zones.

Entertainment

In the entertainment industry, Aubo robots create dynamic and immersive experiences.

• Power robotic figures in theme park attractions and stage shows
• Control interactive installations that respond to audience movement or voice
• Operate camera rigs for smooth, programmable motion in live events
• Deliver surprise effects in haunted houses or interactive museums
• Support augmented reality (AR) experiences with synchronized robotic actions

Creative potential: Enables artists and designers to push the boundaries of interactive storytelling.

Security & Surveillance

Aubo robots enhance security operations with autonomous monitoring and response.

• Conduct routine patrols in sensitive areas using onboard cameras and sensors
• Integrate with access control systems to monitor entry points
• Detect anomalies via AI-powered video analytics and thermal imaging
• Trigger alarms or notify personnel during unauthorized access attempts
• Operate in hazardous or hard-to-reach locations without risking human safety

Operational resilience: Provides 24/7 surveillance with reduced reliance on human guards.

Implementation Tip: When deploying Aubo robots, start with a pilot project in one department to assess ROI, workflow integration, and staff adaptability. Use the insights gained to scale automation across other areas. Always pair robot deployment with proper training and change management to ensure smooth adoption.

Industry	Key Applications	Primary Benefits	Integration Time
Manufacturing	Welding, Assembly, Machine Tending	Increased precision, reduced downtime	1–2 weeks
Logistics	Picking, Palletizing, Inventory Scanning	Improved accuracy, faster fulfillment	2–3 weeks
Healthcare	Lab Automation, Sample Handling	Reduced contamination, higher throughput	3–4 weeks
Hospitality	Room Service, Cleaning, Guest Assistance	Enhanced guest experience, labor savings	1–2 weeks
Retail	Shelf Scanning, Customer Support	Data-driven decisions, improved stock control	2 weeks

Why Choose Aubo Robots?

• Safety First: Designed with force-limited joints and collision detection for safe human-robot collaboration
• Easy Programming: Intuitive teach pendant and drag-to-teach functionality enable quick setup by non-experts
• Scalable Solutions: Modular design allows integration with grippers, conveyors, vision systems, and IoT platforms
• Cost-Effective: Lower total cost of ownership compared to traditional industrial robots
• Global Support: Available technical support and training programs ensure long-term success

How to Choose the Right Aubo Robot for Your Business

Investing in collaborative robots (cobots) like those from Aubo Robotics is a strategic move for modernizing production, improving efficiency, and enhancing workplace safety. With a growing range of models and capabilities, selecting the right Aubo robot requires careful evaluation of your operational needs, workforce dynamics, and long-term automation goals. This comprehensive guide outlines the key selection criteria to help businesses make an informed decision when choosing an Aubo cobot or comparable collaborative robot system.

Important Note: While Aubo robots offer advanced performance and safety features, proper integration requires assessing not just the robot itself, but also your facility layout, existing processes, and employee training readiness. Always conduct a thorough needs analysis before making a purchase.

Key Factors to Consider When Selecting an Aubo Robot

• Workforce Collaboration & Human-Robot Interaction

  Cobots are designed to work with people, not replace them. When evaluating Aubo robots, prioritize models that support seamless integration into human-centered workflows. Look for features such as:

  • Advanced sensor arrays for real-time obstacle and collision detection
  • Soft-touch exteriors and rounded edges to minimize injury risk
  • Intuitive hand-guiding functionality for easy task teaching
  • Clear status indicators (LEDs, sounds) to communicate robot state to nearby workers
  • Low noise operation to maintain a comfortable working environment

  Models like the Aubo-i5 and Aubo-i7 are engineered with these collaborative principles in mind, making them ideal for shared workspaces in assembly, packaging, and quality inspection.

• Task Flexibility and Application Versatility

  Modern manufacturing and logistics environments demand adaptable automation. Choose an Aubo robot that can evolve with your business needs. Key considerations include:

  • Payload capacity: Match the robot’s lifting ability (e.g., 3kg to 10kg across Aubo models) to your typical workpiece weight
  • Reach radius: Ensure the robot’s arm span covers your required workspace (ranging from 680mm to 1300mm in the Aubo lineup)
  • End-of-arm tooling (EOAT) compatibility: Verify support for quick-change tooling systems like pneumatic grippers, vacuum cups, or screwdrivers
  • Multi-application capability: Select models that can be reprogrammed for tasks such as pick-and-place, machine tending, screw driving, or visual inspection

  A flexible cobot reduces downtime and increases return on investment by serving multiple production lines or shifts.

• Easy Programming and Rapid Deployment

  One of Aubo’s major advantages is its user-friendly programming interface, which minimizes the learning curve for operators. When selecting a model, consider:

  • Teach pendant with drag-and-drop logic: Simplifies programming without requiring deep coding expertise
  • Offline simulation software: Allows virtual testing and path planning before physical deployment
  • Pre-built application templates: Speeds up setup for common tasks like palletizing or CNC loading
  • Remote monitoring and diagnostics: Enables troubleshooting and updates without halting production

  The Aubo U-series controllers support intuitive graphical programming, enabling most users to deploy a basic application within hours, not weeks.

• Comprehensive Safety Features and Compliance

  Safety is non-negotiable in collaborative environments. Ensure your chosen Aubo model meets or exceeds international safety standards such as ISO 10218-1 and ISO/TS 15066. Essential safety components include:

  • Force and torque sensors that trigger immediate stop upon contact
  • Programmable speed and separation monitoring for dynamic environments
  • Emergency stop buttons and dual-channel safety circuits
  • CE and UL certification for global deployment confidence
  • Configurable safety zones and restricted areas via software

  These features not only protect personnel but also reduce liability and insurance costs while promoting a culture of safe automation.

Aubo Model	Reach (mm)	Payload (kg)	Best For	Programming Interface
Aubo-i3	680	3	Small parts assembly, lab automation	Touchscreen + drag-and-drop
Aubo-i5	910	5	Machine tending, packaging	Graphical UI + hand guiding
Aubo-i7	880	7	Material handling, welding prep	Advanced simulation support
Aubo-i10	1300	10	Palletizing, large part handling	Remote programming + API access

Expert Tip: Before finalizing your purchase, request a demo unit or on-site trial from an authorized Aubo distributor. Testing the robot in your actual environment allows you to evaluate reach, speed, programming ease, and worker comfort—critical factors that specs alone can’t convey.

Additional Selection Recommendations

• Consider future scalability—choose a model that can integrate with additional cobots or existing factory systems (PLC, MES, etc.)
• Verify local technical support availability and training programs for your team
• Check warranty terms and availability of spare parts to minimize downtime
• Assess power requirements and environmental conditions (temperature, dust) for compatibility
• Evaluate total cost of ownership, including software licenses, maintenance, and energy consumption

Selecting the right Aubo robot is more than a technical decision—it’s a strategic investment in your workforce, productivity, and competitive advantage. By focusing on collaboration, flexibility, ease of use, and safety, you can choose a cobot that delivers immediate value and grows with your business. When in doubt, consult with automation specialists or Aubo-certified integrators to ensure the best fit for your unique operational needs.

Aubo Robot Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Welcome to the comprehensive FAQ guide for Aubo robots—designed to help businesses, engineers, and operators understand the capabilities, integration, maintenance, and collaborative features of Aubo robotic systems. Below are detailed answers to common questions about mobility, maintenance, system integration, human-robot collaboration, and ease of programming.

Q1: Can an Aubo robot be moved from one location to another?

The mobility of an Aubo robot depends on the specific model and its intended application. Aubo offers both stationary and mobile robotic solutions tailored to different industrial and service environments:

• Stationary Models: Most Aubo collaborative robots (cobots), such as the i-Series and u-Series, are designed to be mounted in fixed positions. These are commonly used in assembly lines, CNC tending, welding, and pick-and-place operations where precision and repeatability are key.
• Mobile Platforms: While Aubo does not manufacture autonomous mobile robots (AMRs) directly, their cobots can be integrated with third-party mobile bases or automated guided vehicles (AGVs). This allows the robot arm to move between workstations, enabling flexible automation in dynamic environments like warehouses or hospital logistics.
• Portable Setups: Some users mount Aubo arms on wheeled carts for semi-mobile deployment, making it easier to reposition the robot for different tasks within a facility.

In summary, while standard Aubo robots are fixed, they can be made mobile through integration with compatible platforms—offering flexibility without compromising performance.

Q2: Do Aubo robots require regular maintenance?

Yes, like all precision machinery, Aubo robots benefit from regular maintenance to ensure long-term reliability, safety, and optimal performance. However, the maintenance requirements are relatively low due to their robust design and use of high-quality components:

• Preventive Maintenance Schedule: Aubo recommends periodic inspections every 6–12 months, depending on usage intensity. Tasks include checking cables, joints, end-effectors, and software updates.
• Basic Care: Routine cleaning of the robot body and sensors to prevent dust or debris buildup, especially in harsh environments (e.g., manufacturing floors).
• Lubrication & Calibration: Unlike traditional industrial robots, Aubo cobots use sealed gearboxes and require no lubrication. However, recalibration may be needed after physical impacts or relocation.
• Diagnostics: Built-in self-diagnostics and real-time monitoring via the control panel help detect potential issues early, reducing downtime.

With proper care, Aubo robots can operate reliably for over 35,000 hours, making them a cost-effective solution for long-term automation needs.

Q3: Can Aubo robots be integrated with existing systems and processes?

Absolutely. One of the standout features of Aubo robots is their high level of interoperability and adaptability to existing workflows. Designed with open architecture in mind, they support seamless integration across various platforms:

• Communication Protocols: Supports industry-standard protocols such as Modbus TCP, Ethernet/IP, PROFINET, and OPC UA for easy connection to PLCs, SCADA systems, and MES platforms.
• Software Compatibility: Compatible with ROS (Robot Operating System), allowing advanced developers to create custom applications and integrate with AI, vision systems, or cloud-based analytics.
• End-Effector Flexibility: Equipped with a universal tool mounting interface and support for a wide range of grippers, sensors, and cameras from multiple vendors.
• Plug-and-Play Deployment: Pre-configured software templates and APIs accelerate deployment in packaging, inspection, material handling, and other common industrial tasks.

This flexibility enables businesses to enhance current operations without overhauling their entire production line—making Aubo robots ideal for digital transformation and smart factory initiatives.

Q4: Can Aubo robots collaborate with human workers?

Yes, collaboration with humans is a core design principle of Aubo robots. As collaborative robots (cobots), they are built to work safely alongside human operators in shared workspaces:

• Safety Features: Equipped with force-limited joints, collision detection, speed monitoring, and emergency stop mechanisms that comply with ISO 10218 and ISO/TS 15066 safety standards.
• Shared Workflows: Can perform tasks such as part feeding, quality inspection, screw driving, or machine tending while a human handles complex assembly steps—optimizing workflow efficiency.
• Ergonomic Benefits: Reduce repetitive strain injuries by taking over monotonous or physically demanding tasks, improving workplace safety and employee satisfaction.
• Dynamic Interaction: With optional vision and sensing systems, Aubo robots can adapt to changes in the environment and respond to human gestures or voice commands in advanced setups.

Studies have shown that human-cobot teams can increase productivity by up to 85% compared to either working alone, while maintaining a safer and more flexible work environment.

Q5: Are Aubo robots easy to program and customize?

Yes, user-friendliness is one of Aubo’s key advantages. The robots are designed to be accessible even to non-technical users, significantly lowering the barrier to entry for automation:

• Teach Pendant Interface: Intuitive touchscreen interface with drag-and-drop programming and real-time simulation, allowing users to guide the robot through tasks using hand-guided teaching (lead-through programming).
• Offline Programming: Advanced users can leverage Aubo Studio—a PC-based software suite—for complex scripting, simulation, and debugging without interrupting production.
• No Coding Required: Basic tasks can be programmed without any prior programming knowledge, using visual logic blocks and pre-built function libraries.
• Customization Options: Supports Python and C++ for developers who want to build custom applications or integrate AI-driven decision-making.
• Training Resources: Aubo provides extensive documentation, video tutorials, and certification programs to help users get started quickly.

This combination of simplicity and scalability makes Aubo robots particularly popular among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) looking to automate without hiring dedicated robotics engineers.