Complete Automatic Cow Slaughter Machine: Key Specifications, Material Grades, and Engineering Uses

Types of Complete Automatic Cow Slaughter Machines

A complete automatic cow slaughter machine is an advanced industrial system designed to streamline the slaughtering process with high efficiency, consistent output, and improved animal welfare standards. These machines are engineered to minimize suffering while maximizing hygiene, precision, and throughput in modern meat processing facilities. Automation ensures compliance with food safety regulations and reduces human error across critical stages of slaughter.

These systems are modular and customizable based on regional regulations, plant capacity, and desired level of automation. Below is a breakdown of the core components that define a complete automatic cow slaughter line, each playing a vital role in ensuring humane treatment, operational efficiency, and meat quality.

Key Components of a Complete Automatic Cow Slaughter System

Stunning Machine

The first and most ethically critical step in humane slaughter.

Advantages

• Ensures immediate unconsciousness, reducing animal distress
• Complies with animal welfare standards (e.g., OIE, EU regulations)
• Improves worker safety by immobilizing the animal
• Consistent performance with pneumatic or hydraulic systems

Considerations

• Requires regular maintenance and calibration
• Misfires can lead to ineffective stunning and ethical violations
• Staff must be trained for proper positioning and operation

Technology Used: Pneumatic captive bolt stunners powered by compressed air; some models feature automatic targeting based on animal size.

Hoist Machine

Transports and suspends the stunned animal for downstream processing.

Advantages

• Handles heavy loads (up to 1,000+ kg) safely and efficiently
• Integrates with conveyor systems for continuous flow
• Reduces manual labor and risk of injury
• Enables precise positioning for bleeding and evisceration

Considerations

• Requires overhead rail or gantry system installation
• Needs regular inspection for cable and hook integrity
• Improper hanging can cause carcass damage

Design Features: Adjustable hooks, variable speed control, and load sensors for safe operation.

Bleeding Machine

Ensures rapid and complete exsanguination immediately after stunning.

Advantages

• Automated knife systems ensure precise incisions in the neck arteries
• Minimizes blood retention, improving meat shelf life and hygiene
• Operates within seconds of stunning for optimal efficiency
• Reduces variability compared to manual bleeding

Considerations

• Blades require frequent sharpening and sterilization
• Must be synchronized with stunning and hoisting timelines
• Potential for cross-contamination if not cleaned properly

Best Practice: Paired with vision systems to detect animal position and adjust cut depth automatically.

Hoop Machine (Leg Holder/Securing System)

Secures the hind legs during bleeding and initial processing stages.

Advantages

• Stabilizes the suspended animal during bleeding and skinning
• Prevents swinging and improves worker safety
• Facilitates even blood drainage for higher meat quality
• Durable metal hoops withstand repeated use

Considerations

• Improper placement can cause tissue damage
• Must be adjusted for different animal sizes
• Requires integration with hoist and conveyor systems

Function: Positioned above the hock joint, the hoop supports the animal’s weight and maintains alignment during processing.

Head-Removing Machine

Automates the separation of the head from the carcass after bleeding.

Advantages

• Uses powered rotary or band saws for clean, fast cuts
• Programmable controls ensure consistent cut location
• Reduces labor costs and processing time
• Improves hygiene with enclosed cutting zones and washdown capability

Considerations

• High initial investment and maintenance cost
• Saws require regular cleaning to prevent contamination
• Must be precisely aligned to avoid damaging valuable cuts

Automation Level: Fully automatic models use sensors and PLCs to detect carcass position and initiate cutting sequences without manual input.

Component	Primary Function	Automation Level	Key Benefit	Regulatory Compliance
Stunning Machine	Induce immediate unconsciousness	Semi to Fully Automatic	Humane treatment, worker safety	Meets OIE & EU welfare standards
Hoist Machine	Lift and transport carcass	Fully Automatic	Efficient workflow, load capacity	OSHA and mechanical safety
Bleeding Machine	Ensure complete exsanguination	Semi-Automatic	Improved meat quality and hygiene	HACCP and FSIS guidelines
Hoop Machine	Secure hind legs during processing	Mechanical/Automatic Integration	Stability and safety	Supports humane handling protocols
Head-Removing Machine	Detach head from carcass	Fully Automatic	Precision, speed, consistency	Food safety and sanitation standards

Expert Tip: For optimal performance and compliance, integrate all components into a centralized control system (PLC-based) that monitors timing, sequence, and equipment status. This ensures synchronization across the slaughter line and supports traceability and audit readiness.

Modern complete automatic cow slaughter machines represent the pinnacle of meat processing technology, combining animal welfare, food safety, and operational efficiency. By understanding each component's role and capabilities, processors can design systems tailored to their production goals and regulatory environment.

Specifications and Maintenance of Complete Automatic Cow Slaughter Machine Systems

Modern complete automatic cow slaughter machine kits represent the pinnacle of efficiency, hygiene, and productivity in industrial beef processing. These integrated systems streamline every stage of slaughter and processing—from stunning to packaging—ensuring consistent output, regulatory compliance, and food safety. Understanding the key components and their maintenance is essential for maximizing operational uptime, ensuring meat quality, and protecting worker safety.

Core Components of an Automatic Cow Slaughter Line

Rendering System

The rendering system processes non-meat by-products such as bones, fat, connective tissues, and offal into usable materials. Utilizing advanced methods like high-pressure hydrolysis, autoclaving, or solvent extraction, this system separates proteins, fats, and solids for conversion into animal feed ingredients (e.g., meat and bone meal), industrial tallow, or biofuel components.

Modern rendering units are fully automated, energy-efficient, and designed to meet strict environmental and sanitary standards. They play a vital role in minimizing waste and improving the sustainability of meat processing operations.

Dehairing Machine

After skinning or scalding, the dehairing machine removes residual hair from the cattle hide using rotating rubber rollers and stainless steel scrapers. The system is adjustable to accommodate various animal sizes, ensuring thorough cleaning without damaging the epidermis or underlying tissue.

Equipped with high-pressure water sprays and self-cleaning mechanisms, modern dehairing machines maintain hygiene and reduce manual labor. They are typically constructed from corrosion-resistant stainless steel to withstand constant exposure to moisture and organic matter.

Splitting Saw

The carcass splitting saw precisely divides the slaughtered cow along the spinal column into two symmetrical halves. These band or reciprocating saws are engineered for high-speed accuracy, minimal bone chipping, and operator safety.

Integrated into the main processing line, automatic splitting saws are often guided by laser alignment or mechanical stops to ensure consistent cuts. Safety features include emergency stop buttons, protective guards, and dust extraction systems to manage bone particles.

Meat Processing Equipment

Post-slaughter, automated meat processing equipment handles cutting, grinding, mixing, emulsifying, stuffing (for sausages), and vacuum packaging. These modular systems are typically made from food-grade stainless steel (e.g., AISI 304/316) and non-toxic plastics compliant with FDA and EU food safety regulations.

Advanced models include programmable logic controllers (PLCs), touch-screen interfaces, and hygienic quick-disconnect fittings for easy cleaning. Automation ensures uniform portioning, reduces contamination risk, and increases throughput in large-scale facilities.

Cold Storage Facilities

After processing, meat must be rapidly cooled and stored at controlled temperatures to inhibit bacterial growth and preserve freshness. Cold storage solutions include walk-in chillers (0–4°C), blast freezers (-30°C or lower), and refrigerated warehouse zones.

These facilities are insulated with high-density polyurethane panels, equipped with redundant cooling units, and monitored via digital temperature logging systems. Proper airflow design ensures even cooling and prevents hot spots that could compromise product safety.

Conveyor Systems

Conveyor systems form the backbone of the automated slaughter line, transporting carcasses and sub-products through each processing stage—from stunning and bleeding to evisceration, washing, splitting, and chilling.

Modern conveyors use overhead trolley systems, floor-mounted belts, or roller tracks with integrated sensors, RFID tracking, and speed controls. Constructed from stainless steel and FDA-approved polymers, they support seamless integration with robotic arms and automated gates for precise flow management.

Automatic Evisceration Machines

These sophisticated machines remove internal organs—such as the lungs, heart, liver, and digestive tract—quickly and hygienically. Designed for precision and minimal cross-contamination, automatic evisceration units use robotic arms, vacuum systems, and cutting tools to extract viscera without puncturing the intestines or damaging edible organs.

Many systems include inspection stations where cameras or human operators verify completeness and detect abnormalities. Evisceration is one of the most critical steps in maintaining meat safety and carcass integrity.

Maintenance Best Practices for Automated Slaughter Equipment

Maintenance protocols vary by component but share common goals: ensuring hygiene, preventing breakdowns, and extending equipment lifespan. A well-structured preventive maintenance program is crucial for food safety compliance and operational reliability.

Daily Cleaning and Sanitization: All equipment must be cleaned after each shift using CIP (Clean-in-Place) or COP (Clean-out-of-Place) procedures. Use approved detergents and sanitizers to eliminate biofilms, blood residue, and pathogens like E. coli or Salmonella.

Lubrication of Moving Parts: Regularly lubricate gears, chains, bearings, and pivot points with food-grade lubricants to prevent wear and seize-up. Avoid over-lubrication, which can attract debris and contaminate meat.

Inspection and Calibration: Conduct weekly inspections for signs of wear, misalignment, corrosion, or damaged seals. Calibrate sensors, scales, and cutting mechanisms according to manufacturer specifications to maintain processing accuracy.

Drainage and Ventilation Checks: Ensure floor drains are unobstructed and functioning properly to remove blood, water, and waste fluids. Verify that ventilation systems effectively extract heat, steam, and odors to maintain a safe working environment.

Component Replacement Schedule: Replace high-wear parts—such as saw blades, scraper blades, conveyor belts, and gaskets—on a preventive basis. Keep spare parts inventory to minimize downtime during repairs.

Component	Maintenance Frequency	Key Maintenance Actions
Dehairing Machine	Daily / Weekly	Clean rollers and scrapers; inspect for wear; check water spray nozzles; lubricate bearings
Splitting Saw	After Each Use / Monthly	Sharpen or replace blade; inspect guard integrity; clean debris; check motor alignment
Conveyor System	Daily / Bi-Weekly	Inspect chains/belts; clean slats; check tension; verify sensor operation
Evisceration Unit	After Each Batch / Weekly	Sanitize tools and chambers; inspect robotic arms; check vacuum pressure; replace worn tips
Cold Storage	Daily / Quarterly	Monitor temperature logs; clean evaporator coils; check door seals; test backup systems

Important: Always follow the manufacturer’s operation and maintenance manual for each machine. Never bypass safety interlocks or operate damaged equipment. Install the complete automatic cow slaughter system in a dedicated, well-ventilated facility with proper wastewater management and biosecurity protocols. Failure to maintain equipment can lead to contamination, regulatory violations, equipment failure, or workplace injuries. Regular training for operators and maintenance staff is essential for safe and efficient operation.

Key Scenarios for Automatic Cow Slaughtering Machines

Automatic cow slaughtering machines have revolutionized modern meat processing by enhancing efficiency, safety, and animal welfare standards. These fully integrated systems are increasingly adopted in industrial slaughterhouses and large-scale meat production facilities. Below are the primary operational scenarios where complete automatic cow slaughter machines deliver significant advantages over traditional manual methods.

Efficient Cow Killing Process

Automated systems dramatically improve the speed and consistency of cattle processing. Once a cow enters the designated killing zone, the machine executes a sequence of precisely timed operations—from stunning to final evisceration—ensuring minimal downtime between animals.

• Reduces labor requirements by up to 60% compared to manual slaughter lines
• Enables continuous processing with throughput rates of 150–300 head per hour in high-capacity facilities
• Requires only a small team of trained operators for monitoring and maintenance
• Minimizes human error through standardized, repeatable procedures

Operational benefit: Streamlined workflow reduces bottlenecks and increases daily processing capacity.

Safe and Sanitary Processing Environment

Hygiene and worker safety are paramount in meat processing. Automatic slaughter machines reduce direct human contact with live animals and carcasses, significantly lowering contamination risks and improving workplace safety.

• Enclosed systems limit blood splash and tissue exposure, reducing biohazard risks
• Stainless steel construction allows for easy cleaning and compliance with HACCP and FDA standards
• Reduces the risk of zoonotic disease transmission (e.g., E. coli, Salmonella) through minimized handling
• Integrated waste management systems separate byproducts efficiently

Health advantage: Automated processes support higher food safety ratings and regulatory compliance.

Humane Slaughtering Practices

Modern automatic slaughter systems are engineered to prioritize animal welfare by ensuring rapid, painless procedures that align with international humane slaughter guidelines (e.g., OIE, USDA FSIS).

• Instantaneous stunning methods (e.g., captive bolt or electrical) render the animal unconscious before bleeding
• Controlled bleeding ensures quick and complete exsanguination within seconds
• Automated skinning and evisceration reduce stress and physical trauma
• Consistent application eliminates variability seen in manual techniques

Ethical impact: Reduces animal suffering and supports certifications like Global Animal Partnership (GAP).

Large-Scale Industrial Slaughtering

For commercial meatpacking plants and integrated agribusinesses processing hundreds of cattle daily, automation is essential to meet market demands and maintain profitability.

• Ideal for facilities handling over 1,000 head per day
• Scalable systems can be customized based on production volume and facility layout
• Integrates seamlessly with cold chain logistics and packaging lines
• Supports traceability through digital monitoring and data logging

Business advantage: Enables economies of scale, reducing per-unit processing costs and increasing competitiveness.

Industry Insight: Leading meat processors report a 30–40% increase in overall efficiency after transitioning to automated slaughter lines. Additionally, facilities using automated systems often achieve faster regulatory approvals and better audit outcomes due to consistent documentation and process control.

Scenario	Primary Benefit	Throughput Capacity	Recommended Facility Type
High-volume processing	Maximized efficiency	150–300+ head/hour	Industrial meatpacking plants
Export-focused operations	Enhanced hygiene compliance	100–200 head/hour	Federally inspected export facilities
Animal welfare-certified producers	Humane handling assurance	50–150 head/hour	Certified organic or humane farms
Urban abattoirs	Reduced environmental impact	30–100 head/hour	Municipal or regional slaughterhouses

Additional Operational Considerations

• Maintenance Requirements: Regular calibration and part replacement (e.g., blades, stunners) ensure consistent performance and food safety.
• Training Needs: Operators require specialized training on safety protocols, emergency shutdowns, and basic troubleshooting.
• Initial Investment: While costly upfront, ROI is typically achieved within 2–3 years due to labor savings and increased output.
• Regulatory Compliance: Systems must meet local, national, and international standards for animal welfare and food safety.
• Sustainability: Modern machines often include water recycling, energy-efficient motors, and waste reduction features.

How to Choose Automatic Cow Slaughter Machines

Selecting the right automatic cow slaughter machine is a critical decision for any modern meat processing facility. The equipment you choose directly impacts operational efficiency, animal welfare, meat quality, hygiene standards, and compliance with food safety regulations. A well-chosen system streamlines the slaughtering process, reduces labor costs, minimizes stress on animals, and ensures consistent, high-quality output. This comprehensive guide outlines the key factors to consider when investing in a complete automatic cow slaughter machine, helping buyers make informed, responsible, and cost-effective decisions.

Important Note: The term "cow killing machine" is often used colloquially, but in professional and regulatory contexts, it's more accurate and respectful to refer to these systems as "automated cattle slaughter equipment" or "livestock processing systems." These machines are designed with precision engineering to ensure humane handling and rapid, painless stunning in accordance with animal welfare guidelines.

Key Factors to Consider When Choosing an Automatic Cow Slaughter Machine

1. Processing Capacity and Throughput

   The machine’s capacity must align precisely with your facility’s production goals. Consider the number of cattle processed per hour or per shift, peak demand periods, and future scalability needs. Machines vary widely—from small-scale units handling 10–20 animals per hour to high-volume industrial systems processing over 100 per hour.

   • Assess your daily and seasonal throughput requirements
   • Evaluate staffing levels and operator expertise
   • Ensure the system integrates smoothly with downstream processing (evisceration, chilling, cutting)
   • Choose a machine that allows for future expansion without requiring a full system overhaul

   Matching capacity to demand prevents bottlenecks, reduces idle time, and maximizes return on investment.

2. Level of Automation and Control Systems

   Advanced automation is a hallmark of modern slaughter equipment. Fully automatic systems reduce human error, enhance repeatability, and improve worker safety by minimizing direct contact with live animals and sharp tools.

   • Look for machines equipped with Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) that allow customization of stunning, bleeding, and hoisting sequences
   • Integrated sensors and feedback loops ensure consistent performance across varying animal sizes
   • User-friendly HMI (Human-Machine Interface) panels enable real-time monitoring and data logging
   • Remote diagnostics and predictive maintenance features can reduce downtime

   Automation not only boosts efficiency but also supports traceability and quality control—key components of HACCP and GMP compliance.

3. Hygiene, Cleanability, and Sanitation Design

   Given the high-risk nature of meat processing, hygiene is non-negotiable. The machine must be designed for thorough and frequent cleaning to prevent microbial contamination and ensure food safety.

   • Construction should use food-grade stainless steel (e.g., AISI 304 or 316) resistant to corrosion and easy to sanitize
   • Surfaces should be smooth, with minimal crevices, welds, or joints where bacteria can accumulate
   • Components should be easily removable or accessible for cleaning (e.g., quick-release fasteners)
   • Design should include sloped surfaces and proper drainage to avoid water pooling
   • Integrated CIP (Clean-in-Place) systems are ideal for large facilities

   Regular sanitation not only protects public health but also extends the lifespan of the equipment and reduces maintenance costs.

4. Regulatory Compliance and Animal Welfare Standards

   Reputable slaughter machines must comply with national and international standards to ensure legal operation and ethical practices.

   • Verify compliance with USDA, EU Regulation (EC) No 853/2004, OIE guidelines, or local food safety authorities
   • Ensure the stunning mechanism (e.g., captive bolt, electrical) meets animal welfare standards for immediate unconsciousness
   • Look for third-party certifications such as CE, ISO 22000, or HACCP
   • Check for noise reduction and low-stress animal handling features (e.g., curved chutes, non-slip flooring)

   Compliance not only avoids legal penalties but also enhances brand reputation and consumer trust in your products.

Selection Criteria	Key Features to Look For	Benefits	Potential Risks of Poor Selection
Capacity	Adjustable throughput, modular design, scalability	Optimized workflow, reduced bottlenecks	Overcapacity strain or underutilization
Automation	PLC control, sensor integration, remote monitoring	Consistency, reduced labor costs, improved safety	Human error, inconsistent processing
Hygiene	Stainless steel construction, CIP compatibility, easy disassembly	Food safety, regulatory compliance, durability	Contamination risk, frequent breakdowns
Compliance	Certifications, humane stunning, audit-ready documentation	Legal operation, market access, consumer trust	Fines, shutdowns, reputational damage

Expert Tip: Before finalizing a purchase, request a live demonstration or site visit at a reference facility using the same machine. This allows you to evaluate performance, noise levels, ease of operation, and integration with existing infrastructure under real-world conditions.

Additional Considerations for Long-Term Success

• After-Sales Support: Choose a supplier that offers comprehensive training, technical support, and readily available spare parts.
• Energy Efficiency: Evaluate power consumption and water usage—energy-efficient models reduce operating costs and environmental impact.
• Integration Capability: Ensure the machine can interface with existing conveyor systems, data management software, and traceability platforms.
• Warranty and Service Contracts: Opt for extended warranties and preventive maintenance agreements to protect your investment.
• Sustainability: Consider systems that incorporate waste recovery, water recycling, or biogas generation from byproducts.

Investing in an automatic cow slaughter machine is a significant decision that affects every aspect of your meat processing operation. By carefully evaluating capacity, automation, hygiene, and compliance—and considering long-term support and sustainability—you can select a system that delivers efficiency, safety, and quality for years to come. Always consult with industry experts and regulatory bodies to ensure your equipment meets current and future requirements.

Complete Automatic Cow Slaughter Machine – Frequently Asked Questions

Q1: How does a complete automatic cow slaughter machine increase efficiency in slaughterhouses?

The integration of automation into modern slaughterhouse operations has revolutionized beef production, significantly boosting efficiency and consistency. A complete automatic cow slaughter machine streamlines every stage of the process—from stunning and bleeding to evisceration, skinning, and carcass splitting—reducing manual labor and minimizing human error.

• Speed and Throughput: Automated systems can process animals at a much faster rate than manual methods, often handling dozens of cattle per hour with precision timing and synchronized workflows.
• Consistency: Machines ensure uniform cuts and procedures, which improves meat yield and quality control across batches.
• Labor Optimization: By automating repetitive and physically demanding tasks, workers can be reassigned to monitoring, maintenance, and quality assurance roles, improving overall workforce productivity.
• Reduced Downtime: With continuous operation capabilities and predictive maintenance alerts, automated systems minimize interruptions and keep production lines running smoothly.

This level of automation not only increases daily output but also enhances traceability and compliance with food safety regulations through integrated data logging and process monitoring.

Q2: What are the safety features of a complete automatic cow slaughter machine?

Safety is a top priority in high-risk environments like slaughterhouses, where heavy machinery, moving parts, and large animal handling pose inherent dangers. Modern automatic cow slaughter machines are equipped with multiple layers of safety mechanisms to protect both operators and animals.

• Emergency Stop Buttons (E-Stop): Strategically placed across the production line, these allow immediate shutdown of the entire system in case of an accident or malfunction.
• Safety Guards and Interlocks: Physical barriers prevent unauthorized access to moving components such as conveyor chains, knives, and hoists. Interlock systems ensure machines cannot operate when guards are open.
• Anti-Slip Flooring and Stairways: Designed to prevent slips and falls in wet or blood-covered areas, enhancing worker stability during animal movement and equipment maintenance.
• Automated Animal Restraint Systems: Secure holding pens and conveyor-based restraints reduce unpredictable animal movement, minimizing injury risks to staff.
• Pressure Sensors and Motion Detectors: Advanced systems detect obstructions or unintended presence near hazardous zones, automatically pausing operations to avoid accidents.
• Compliance with OSHA and EU Machinery Directive Standards: Reputable machines are built to meet international occupational health and safety regulations, ensuring a safer working environment.

Regular training, maintenance checks, and adherence to standard operating procedures further enhance the effectiveness of these safety features.

Q3: What is the role of the complete automatic cow slaughter machine in the food industry?

The complete automatic cow slaughter machine plays a pivotal role in maintaining the integrity, efficiency, and scalability of the global food supply chain. As demand for beef continues to rise, especially in urban and industrialized markets, these systems provide a reliable and hygienic method for transforming live cattle into consumable meat products.

• Humane Animal Handling: Modern systems incorporate low-stress handling techniques and instant stunning methods (e.g., captive bolt or electrical stunning) that ensure animals are rendered unconscious before slaughter, aligning with ethical standards and animal welfare regulations such as those from the American Meat Institute (AMI) and OIE.
• Food Safety and Hygiene: Closed-loop processing environments reduce contamination risks from pathogens like E. coli and Salmonella. Stainless steel construction, washdown capabilities, and CIP (Clean-in-Place) systems support rigorous sanitation protocols.
• Foundation for Further Processing: After slaughter and dressing, carcasses are automatically conveyed to chilling, cutting, packaging, and distribution stages, enabling seamless integration into larger meat processing facilities.
• Traceability and Quality Control: Integrated sensors and software track each animal through the line, allowing for batch identification, quality grading, and regulatory compliance reporting.

By ensuring consistent, safe, and humane processing, automatic slaughter machines help meet consumer expectations while supporting sustainable and scalable meat production.

Q4: What are some trends in the development of complete automatic cow slaughter machines?

The evolution of automatic cow slaughter technology reflects broader advancements in industrial automation, food safety, and environmental responsibility. Several key trends are shaping the future of this critical sector:

Trend	Description	Benefits
Increased Automation	Full-line automation from lairage to carcass chilling, including robotic arms for precise cutting and handling.	Higher throughput, reduced labor costs, improved consistency.
Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning	AI-powered vision systems analyze carcass quality, optimize cut patterns, and predict maintenance needs.	Maximized yield, reduced waste, proactive equipment management.
IoT Integration	Sensors monitor temperature, pressure, blade sharpness, and animal flow in real time, feeding data to centralized control systems.	Enhanced traceability, remote monitoring, and operational transparency.
Sustainability Initiatives	Energy-efficient motors, water recycling systems, and byproduct recovery (e.g., blood, hides, offal) for biofuels or pet food.	Lower environmental impact, compliance with green regulations, cost savings.
Modular and Scalable Designs	Systems designed for easy expansion or reconfiguration based on plant size and production goals.	Flexibility for small, medium, and large facilities; future-proof investments.

Manufacturers are also focusing on user-friendly interfaces, remote diagnostics, and compliance with global halal and kosher slaughter requirements through adaptable configurations. These innovations not only improve operational performance but also support ethical, transparent, and sustainable meat production.