Types of Mirror-Polished Headers
Mirror-polished headers have become a sought-after upgrade in the automotive performance and customization world, combining striking visual appeal with functional benefits. The precision polishing process not only creates a brilliant, reflective finish but also smooths the internal surface of the exhaust header, reducing turbulence and improving exhaust gas flow. This can lead to enhanced engine efficiency, improved horsepower, and a more responsive throttle.
Beyond the widely recognized mirror-polished stainless steel headers, several alternative materials and coatings are used to achieve a high-gloss, reflective appearance. Each type offers unique advantages in terms of durability, performance, corrosion resistance, and aesthetics. Below is a detailed breakdown of the most common types of mirror-polished headers available today.
Polished Mild Steel Headers
Made from carbon-based mild steel and finished with a high-luster mirror polish, these headers offer an affordable yet visually impressive option for budget-conscious enthusiasts.
Advantages
- Cost-effective compared to stainless steel
- Highly reflective mirror finish enhances visual appeal
- Smooth internal polish can improve exhaust flow
- Easier to weld and fabricate during installation
Limitations
- Poor natural rust resistance; prone to oxidation over time
- Requires regular maintenance and protective coatings
- Shorter lifespan in humid or salty environments
Best for: Show cars, short-term builds, dry climate regions, or vehicles with infrequent use
Polished Chrome Headers
Constructed from mild or stainless steel and coated with a layer of chrome plating, these headers are then polished to a mirror-like shine, delivering one of the most eye-catching finishes available.
Advantages
- Exceptional visual appeal with deep reflective shine
- Chrome layer adds moderate protection against corrosion
- Durable surface resists minor scratches and abrasions
- Popular in custom and show car applications
Limitations
- Chrome can crack or flake under extreme heat cycles
- Higher cost than bare mild steel
- Requires careful installation to avoid surface damage
- Environmental concerns with chrome plating process
Best for: Showroom displays, classic restorations, custom builds where appearance is paramount
Titanium-Coated Headers
Advanced headers featuring a titanium nitride (TiN) or similar ceramic-based coating applied over stainless or mild steel, then polished to a mirror finish for both performance and prestige.
Advantages
- Superior heat resistance and thermal stability
- Excellent oxidation and corrosion protection
- Lightweight compared to uncoated alternatives
- Unique gold or metallic-blue hues (depending on coating)
- Extremely durable under high-stress conditions
Limitations
- Significantly higher cost than standard polished headers
- Limited availability and specialized manufacturing
- Coating can degrade if improperly maintained or overheated
Best for: High-performance engines, racing applications, luxury custom builds, and buyers seeking cutting-edge technology
Mirror-Polished Stainless Steel Headers
The most popular and balanced option, crafted from high-grade 304 or 321 stainless steel and polished to a flawless mirror finish for lasting beauty and performance.
Advantages
- Outstanding corrosion and rust resistance
- Long service life with minimal maintenance
- Naturally heat-resistant and durable
- Retains luster longer than other materials
- Environmentally friendly and recyclable
Limitations
- Higher initial cost than mild steel
- Harder to weld and fabricate
- Can develop heat tint (bluing) over time despite polish
Best for: Daily drivers, performance vehicles, marine environments, and long-term installations
| Header Type | Corrosion Resistance | Heat Tolerance | Aesthetic Quality | Lifespan | Best Use Case |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Polished Mild Steel | Fair | Good | Excellent | Short to Medium | Show cars, dry climates |
| Polished Chrome | Good | Fair | Outstanding | Medium | Custom/show builds |
| Titanium-Coated | Excellent | Exceptional | Excellent | Long | Racing, high-performance |
| Stainless Steel (Mirror-Polished) | Excellent | Excellent | Excellent | Very Long | All-around, long-term use |
Expert Tip: To maintain the mirror finish on any polished header, clean regularly with a non-abrasive metal polish and apply a high-temperature protective coating. Avoid using steel wool or harsh chemicals that can scratch or degrade the surface.
Features of a Mirror Polished Header
Mirror polished headers are a premium upgrade for performance and show vehicles alike, combining high-end craftsmanship with functional engineering. The mirror finish is achieved through a meticulous multi-stage polishing process that transforms stainless steel into a brilliant, reflective surface. Beyond their eye-catching appearance, these headers offer a range of practical benefits that enhance both performance and longevity. Below is a detailed breakdown of the key features that make mirror polished headers a top choice among automotive enthusiasts, custom builders, and racers.
Key Features and Benefits
Aesthetic Appeal
The mirror polishing process imparts an ultra-smooth, highly reflective surface to the header, creating a showroom-quality finish that dramatically enhances the visual impact of the engine bay. This lustrous appearance stands out under hood lighting and is especially prized in custom builds, show cars, and high-performance vehicles.
Car enthusiasts and professional builders often choose mirror polished headers not just for function, but as a statement of craftsmanship and attention to detail. The flawless finish complements other polished or chrome components, contributing to a clean, high-end engine compartment aesthetic.
Corrosion Resistance
Made from high-grade stainless steel—typically 304 or 321 alloy—mirror polished headers are inherently resistant to rust and oxidation. The polishing process further enhances this protection by sealing the metal’s surface, reducing microscopic pores and imperfections where moisture and contaminants could accumulate.
This improved surface integrity helps prevent pitting, staining, and galvanic corrosion, even in humid or salty environments. As a result, mirror polished headers maintain their appearance and structural integrity far longer than painted or ceramic-coated alternatives, especially when exposed to road splash, cleaning agents, or exhaust byproducts.
Performance Improvement
While primarily associated with visual appeal, the mirror finish also contributes to performance. The ultra-smooth internal surface reduces turbulence and friction as exhaust gases flow through the header tubes. This smoother flow enhances scavenging efficiency—the process by which exhaust pulses help pull subsequent gases out of the combustion chamber.
Improved exhaust flow leads to better engine breathing, which can result in measurable gains in horsepower, torque, and throttle response. Though not as significant as primary tube length or collector design, the reduced surface drag adds a marginal but real performance benefit, especially at high RPMs.
Heat Resistance
Exhaust headers are subjected to extreme thermal cycling, often exceeding 1,500°F in performance applications. Stainless steel, particularly in its polished form, maintains structural strength and resists warping, cracking, or fatigue under these conditions.
The absence of paint or coating (which can degrade at high temperatures) ensures long-term reliability. Mirror polished headers are commonly used in racing and high-output engines where consistent thermal performance and durability are critical. They also radiate less heat than coated headers, helping to keep underhood temperatures lower.
Ease of Cleaning
The non-porous, sealed surface of a mirror polished header resists oil, grime, and carbon buildup, making it significantly easier to clean than coated or raw metal headers. Most contaminants can be wiped away with a microfiber cloth and mild cleaner, without the risk of damaging a protective coating.
This low-maintenance characteristic is ideal for show vehicles that require a pristine appearance or daily drivers exposed to road debris. Unlike ceramic coatings that can chip or flake, the polished surface can be safely cleaned repeatedly without degradation, preserving its shine for years.
Durability
The polishing process not only enhances appearance but also work-hardens the surface of the stainless steel, increasing its resistance to scratches, dings, and minor impacts. This makes mirror polished headers more resilient during installation, maintenance, and operation.
Unlike painted headers that can scratch or ceramic-coated versions that may crack under stress, a polished header can often be buffed back to its original luster if lightly marred. This long-term durability ensures that the header remains both functional and visually impressive throughout the life of the vehicle.
| Feature | Functional Benefit | Ideal For |
|---|---|---|
| Aesthetic Appeal | Enhances engine bay presentation | Show cars, custom builds, luxury vehicles |
| Corrosion Resistance | Longer service life in harsh environments | Coastal areas, winter climates, off-road use |
| Performance Improvement | Improved exhaust flow and scavenging | High-RPM engines, performance tuning |
| Heat Resistance | Stable under extreme thermal loads | Racing, turbocharged, and high-output engines |
| Ease of Cleaning | Low maintenance, retains appearance | Daily drivers, show vehicles, detail enthusiasts |
| Durability | Resists scratches and mechanical wear | Heavy-duty use, frequent engine work |
Note: While mirror polished headers are highly durable, exposure to harsh chemicals, abrasive cleaners, or prolonged moisture can dull the finish over time. To maintain optimal appearance, clean regularly with non-abrasive products and consider applying a protective wax or sealant designed for metal surfaces. Avoid using steel wool or aggressive polishes that can create swirl marks or remove the polished layer.
How To Install A Mirror Polished Header
Installing mirror-polished headers enhances both the visual appeal and performance of your vehicle’s exhaust system. Proper installation ensures longevity, optimal exhaust flow, and a show-ready finish. Follow this comprehensive guide to install your new headers correctly and safely.
Pro Tip: Always refer to your vehicle’s service manual and the header manufacturer’s instructions for model-specific details. Using the correct torque specifications and OEM-grade gaskets prevents leaks and warping.
1. Gather Tools and Materials
Having the right tools and components ready ensures a smooth installation process and reduces the risk of damage.
- Essential Tools: Wrench set, socket set, torque wrench, penetrating oil (for rusted bolts), jack stands, and gloves
- Required Parts: New mirror-polished headers, high-temperature exhaust gaskets, stainless steel bolts or studs, and anti-seize compound
- Optional: Exhaust clamps, welder (for welded systems), and coolant catch pan (if draining antifreeze)
Safety First: Wear heat-resistant gloves and eye protection when handling exhaust components.
2. Preparation
Proper preparation is critical to avoid accidents and ensure unobstructed access to the engine bay.
- Park the vehicle on a level surface and allow the engine to cool completely (minimum 2–3 hours after shutdown)
- Disconnect the negative terminal of the battery to prevent electrical shorts
- Remove components blocking access—such as air intake systems, heat shields, or engine covers
- Elevate the vehicle using jack stands if undercarriage access is needed
Expert Note: Label and organize removed parts to simplify reassembly.
3. Remove the Old Header
Removing the existing header carefully prevents damage to surrounding components and exhaust manifolds.
- Apply penetrating oil to bolts and studs to loosen rust or carbon buildup
- Unbolt the header from the exhaust manifold, starting from the outermost bolts to prevent warping
- Disconnect the header from the downstream exhaust pipe (mid-pipe or catalytic converter)
- Remove any mounting brackets, oxygen sensors, or heat shields attached to the old header
Caution: Avoid forcing stuck bolts—use heat or bolt extractors if necessary to prevent manifold damage.
4. Install the New Mirror-Polished Header
Correct placement ensures alignment, sealing, and performance benefits.
- Dry-fit the new header to verify fitment before final installation
- Install new high-temperature exhaust gaskets on each port to prevent leaks
- Slide the header into position, aligning ports precisely with the cylinder head
- Ensure the mirror finish is protected—avoid scratching against chassis or engine components
Tip: Use anti-seize on bolt threads to prevent future seizing and simplify maintenance.
5. Secure the Header
Proper torque and fastening techniques are essential for durability and leak-free operation.
- Tighten bolts gradually in a crisscross pattern to ensure even pressure distribution
- Use a torque wrench to tighten bolts to the manufacturer’s specifications (typically 25–35 ft-lbs, varies by engine)
- If the header is welded to the exhaust system, have a professional perform tack or full welding with proper heat shielding
- Reinstall all brackets, hangers, and oxygen sensor bungs
Technical Insight: Over-tightening can crack cast manifolds or damage header flanges—always follow torque guidelines.
6. Reconnect Exhaust and Components
Completing the exhaust linkage ensures optimal flow and prevents noise or emissions issues.
- Reattach the mid-pipe or catalytic converter using new exhaust gaskets or donuts
- Secure all clamps and verify no gaps or misalignments exist
- Reconnect oxygen sensors and ensure wiring is routed safely away from hot surfaces
- Reinstall heat shields and any removed engine bay components
Check: Ensure all connections are snug but not over-tightened to allow for thermal expansion.
7. Reassemble and Final Checks
Reassembly completes the physical installation and prepares the vehicle for testing.
- Reinstall any removed components—air intake, engine cover, or hood
- Reconnect the battery and reset any stored ECU codes if applicable
- Inspect the entire exhaust path for tools, debris, or obstructions
- Verify that the mirror finish is clean and undamaged
Reminder: Double-check all fasteners and electrical connections before starting the engine.
8. Final Testing and Break-In
A proper startup and break-in process protects your new headers and ensures long-term performance.
- Start the engine and listen for exhaust leaks (hissing or popping sounds)
- Inspect around gasket areas with a mirror or camera for visible leaks
- Run the engine at idle and low RPMs (under 2,500) for the first 10–15 minutes
- Avoid hard acceleration or sustained high RPMs for the first 500 miles to allow gaskets to seat properly
Maintenance Tip: Re-torque header bolts after the first heat cycle (once cooled) for optimal sealing.
Additional Tips for Mirror-Polished Headers
- Preserving the Finish: Apply a high-temperature ceramic protectant to maintain shine and resist oxidation
- Regular Inspection: Check for blueing (heat discoloration) or cracks, especially near welds and flanges
- Driving Habits: Aggressive driving increases heat cycles—moderate use extends header life
- Compatibility: Confirm header fitment with your engine type (V6, V8, inline-4, etc.) and model year
- Legal Compliance: Ensure modifications meet local emissions and noise regulations
| Step | Key Action | Common Mistake to Avoid | Recommended Tool |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Preparation | Engine cool, battery disconnected | Starting with hot engine | Infrared thermometer |
| 2. Removal | Loosen bolts evenly | Forcing stuck bolts | Penetrating oil & impact wrench |
| 3. Installation | Dry-fit before bolting | Forcing misaligned header | Gasket alignment tool |
| 4. Torquing | Crisscross pattern, proper torque | Over-tightening | Torque wrench |
| 5. Testing | Check for leaks at idle | Immediate high-RPM operation | Stethoscope or hose for leak detection |
Professional Recommendation: For first-time installations or complex setups (e.g., long-tube headers on tight engine bays), consider professional assistance. A well-installed mirror-polished header not only improves exhaust scavenging and horsepower but also becomes a centerpiece in engine bay aesthetics. Regular maintenance and proper break-in ensure lasting brilliance and performance.
How To Choose Mirror Polished Headers: A Comprehensive Buyer's Guide
Selecting the right mirror polished headers is essential for maximizing engine performance, enhancing exhaust efficiency, and achieving a sleek, high-end aesthetic. Whether you're upgrading a daily driver, building a performance vehicle, or restoring a classic car, understanding the key selection criteria ensures you get the best balance of power, durability, and visual appeal. This guide breaks down the most important factors to consider when purchasing mirror polished headers.
Important Note: Mirror polished headers not only improve exhaust scavenging and engine efficiency but also serve as a show-quality upgrade. However, their performance benefits depend heavily on proper fitment, material quality, and compatibility with your engine’s operating range.
Key Factors When Choosing Mirror Polished Headers
- Vehicle Type and Engine Configuration
Not all headers are universal—design varies significantly based on vehicle type and engine layout. For example:
- Trucks and SUVs often use larger-diameter tubing to accommodate high-torque, low-RPM engines
- Racing or high-performance vehicles benefit from equal-length, long-tube headers optimized for high-RPM power
- Some manufacturers offer model-specific headers (e.g., for Ford Mustang, Chevrolet Camaro, or Toyota Supra), ensuring perfect fitment and simplified installation
- Inline, V6, and V8 engines require different header designs due to cylinder bank orientation and exhaust port alignment
Always verify that the header is designed for your vehicle’s make, model, and engine type to avoid clearance or compatibility issues.
- Material Quality and Finish
The material directly impacts longevity, performance, and appearance. Mirror polished headers are typically made from:
- Stainless Steel (304 or 409 grade): The top choice for durability and corrosion resistance. 304 stainless steel offers superior rust protection and maintains its mirror shine longer, ideal for both street and show vehicles
- Mild Steel with Chrome/Mirror Finish: More affordable but prone to rust over time, especially in wet or salty environments. Requires more maintenance to preserve appearance
- Aluminized Coatings: Often used as a budget alternative, but do not offer the same reflective quality or long-term protection as true mirror-polished stainless steel
A true mirror polish not only enhances visual appeal but also adds a protective layer that resists oxidation and makes cleaning easier.
- Tube Dimensions: Length, Diameter, and Wall Thickness
Header tubing geometry plays a crucial role in engine performance:
- Short-Tube Headers: Improve low-end torque and throttle response, ideal for daily drivers and city driving
- Long-Tube Headers: Maximize high-RPM horsepower by improving exhaust scavenging; best suited for performance and track applications
- Diameter: Typically ranges from 1.5” to 2” or more. Too small restricts flow; too large reduces exhaust velocity. Match tube size to engine displacement and cam profile (e.g., 1.75” for 4-cylinder, 1.875”–2” for V8s)
- Wall Thickness: Thicker walls (16–18 gauge) increase durability and heat retention, reducing the risk of warping under high temperatures
Performance gains come from proper tuning of these dimensions to your engine’s operating range.
- Compatibility with Your Vehicle
Even the best headers won’t perform well if they don’t fit properly. Consider:
- Clearance with chassis, suspension, steering, and transmission components
- Flange alignment with exhaust ports (180° vs. 90° primary flanges)
- Compatibility with existing or planned exhaust systems (e.g., H-pipe, X-pipe, cat-back systems)
- Integration with emissions equipment—some mirror polished headers are designed to work with oxygen sensors and catalytic converters
- Check local regulations: In some regions, replacing stock manifolds with long-tube headers may affect emissions compliance
Always confirm fitment using manufacturer specifications or fitment guides before purchasing.
- Installation and Maintenance Requirements
Installation complexity varies significantly:
- Bolt-On Headers: Designed for DIY installation with basic tools. Ideal for enthusiasts who want a performance upgrade without welding
- Weld-On Headers: Require professional fabrication and exhaust work. Offer custom fitment and superior sealing but increase labor costs
- Gaskets and Hardware: High-quality header gaskets and heat-resistant bolts are essential to prevent leaks and warping
Maintenance considerations:
- Stainless steel headers require minimal upkeep—occasional cleaning with non-abrasive polish preserves the mirror finish
- Mild steel or chrome-plated headers may develop heat tinting (blue/purple hues) or rust spots over time, especially after repeated heating cycles
- Regular inspection for cracks, warping, or loose flanges is recommended, especially after aggressive driving
- Budget and Long-Term Value
Mirror polished stainless steel headers are a premium product with a correspondingly higher price point due to:
- Cost of high-grade materials and precision manufacturing
- Labor-intensive polishing process to achieve a flawless reflective surface
- Brand reputation and performance engineering (e.g., headers from Hooker, Hedman, or Doug’s)
While more expensive upfront, they offer long-term value through:
- Extended lifespan (often 10+ years with proper care)
- Improved engine efficiency and horsepower gains (typically 10–20 HP depending on setup)
- Increased resale and show value due to their eye-catching appearance
Consider viewing this as an investment in both performance and aesthetics rather than just a replacement part.
| Selection Factor | Performance Impact | Common Options | Recommended For |
|---|---|---|---|
| Header Type | Low vs. high RPM power delivery | Short-tube, long-tube, tri-Y, block-hugger | Street, track, or dual-purpose use |
| Material | Durability, heat resistance, corrosion protection | 304 SS, 409 SS, mild steel with polish | All climates, show cars, daily drivers |
| Tube Diameter | Exhaust flow and engine scavenging efficiency | 1.5", 1.625", 1.75", 1.875", 2" | Engine size and RPM range |
| Finish Quality | Aesthetic appeal and surface protection | Mirror polish, brushed, ceramic coated | Show vehicles, under-hood appeal |
| Installation Type | Labor cost and complexity | Bolt-on, weld-on, merge collectors | DIY vs. professional install |
Expert Tip: After installing mirror polished headers, allow the engine to go through several heat cycles (warm-up and cool-down) before final torqueing the header bolts. This ensures proper seating and reduces the risk of exhaust leaks due to thermal expansion.
Additional Recommendations
- Pair your headers with a free-flowing exhaust system and performance catalytic converters (if applicable) to maximize gains
- Consider tuning your ECU after installation to optimize air/fuel ratios and ignition timing for the improved exhaust flow
- Use high-temperature exhaust sealant or copper spray on flange surfaces during installation to prevent leaks
- Protect the mirror finish during engine work by covering headers with cloth or heat-resistant tape
- Regularly clean headers with a dedicated stainless steel polish to maintain their showroom shine
Choosing the right mirror polished headers involves balancing performance goals, budget, and aesthetic preferences. By focusing on vehicle compatibility, material quality, and proper sizing, you can significantly enhance both the power and presence of your vehicle. When in doubt, consult with performance exhaust specialists or refer to manufacturer fitment guides to ensure a seamless upgrade.
Frequently Asked Questions About Mirror-Polished Headers
Mirror-polished headers offer more than just visual appeal—they contribute to improved engine performance through enhanced exhaust flow dynamics. The highly reflective, smooth interior surface reduces turbulence and friction within the exhaust system, allowing spent gases to exit the combustion chamber more efficiently.
- Improved Exhaust Flow: Reduced resistance in the header tubes promotes scavenging, which helps pull fresh air-fuel mixtures into the cylinders, boosting horsepower and torque.
- Thermal Efficiency: Stainless steel’s natural heat resistance, combined with the polished finish, helps manage thermal expansion and maintains consistent operating temperatures.
- Engine Responsiveness: Faster exhaust evacuation leads to quicker throttle response, especially noticeable in mid-to-high RPM ranges.
These benefits make mirror-polished headers a popular upgrade for performance enthusiasts seeking both functional gains and aesthetic refinement.
While both header types enhance performance and durability, they serve different priorities in terms of heat management, appearance, and longevity. Understanding their differences can help you choose the right option for your vehicle and driving needs.
| Feature | Mirror-Polished Headers | Ceramic-Coated Headers |
|---|---|---|
| Heat Management | Reflect heat outward; may increase underhood temperatures slightly. | Contain heat within the exhaust system, reducing engine bay heat by up to 30–50%. |
| Appearance | Bright, chrome-like shine that enhances engine bay aesthetics. | Typically black or dark gray; more subtle, functional look. |
| Material & Finish | Made from high-grade stainless steel with a polished surface. | Usually mild or stainless steel with a ceramic thermal barrier coating. |
| Durability | Resistant to corrosion and oxidation; finish may dull over time if not maintained. | Excellent heat and corrosion resistance; coating can chip if impacted. |
| Best For | Show cars, street performance builds, visual appeal. | Racing applications, high-heat environments, thermal efficiency. |
In summary, ceramic-coated headers excel in heat containment and protection of surrounding components, while mirror-polished headers stand out for their lustrous appearance and smooth exhaust flow characteristics.
Yes, one of the standout advantages of mirror-polished stainless steel headers is their relatively low maintenance requirements. The smooth, non-porous surface resists the buildup of oil, grime, and carbon deposits that commonly accumulate on standard exhaust manifolds.
- Regular Cleaning: A simple wipe-down with a microfiber cloth and stainless steel cleaner can restore shine and prevent hazing.
- Wax Protection: Applying a high-temperature polish or wax every few months helps preserve the reflective finish and protect against discoloration.
- Post-Drive Care: Avoid washing headers while hot; clean them after the engine has cooled to prevent water spotting and thermal shock.
- Long-Term Appearance: With proper care, these headers can maintain their showroom-quality luster for years, making them ideal for engine bay displays.
Compared to painted or coated headers, which can chip or fade, polished headers age more gracefully and are easier to refresh without refinishing.
Mirror-polished headers are constructed from high-quality stainless steel—typically 304 or 409 grades—which are known for exceptional thermal resilience. This means they are engineered to withstand extreme exhaust gas temperatures that can exceed 1,500°F (815°C) during aggressive driving or track use.
- No Warping or Cracking: Stainless steel maintains structural integrity under repeated heating and cooling cycles, preventing warping or cracking common in cast iron manifolds.
- Oxidation Resistance: Unlike mild steel, stainless resists rust and scaling, even when exposed to moisture and high heat over time.
- Thermal Stability: The polished finish does not degrade at high temperatures, ensuring long-term performance and appearance.
These properties make mirror-polished headers not only durable but also reliable for both daily drivers and high-performance applications where consistent thermal performance is critical.
On their own, mirror-polished headers do not alter the vehicle’s emissions output. They function purely as an exhaust component designed to improve flow and efficiency, but they do not include any emission control technology.
- Emissions Compliance: Headers must be used in conjunction with factory or aftermarket catalytic converters to meet emissions regulations.
- Street Legality: In many regions, replacing stock manifolds with long-tube headers may violate emissions laws unless the system is CARB-certified or EPA-compliant.
- Tuning Consideration: Upgrading headers may require an ECU retune to optimize air-fuel ratios, which can indirectly influence emissions if not properly calibrated.
- Inspection Readiness: Vehicles in areas with smog checks should retain or upgrade to legal exhaust configurations to pass inspections.
To ensure environmental compliance and avoid legal issues, always pair performance headers with appropriate emissions equipment and verify local regulations before installation.








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