Exploring Raw Dried Peanuts In Shell: Material Composition, Standards, and Best Practices in Industry

Types of Raw Dried Peanuts in Shell

Raw dried peanuts in shell are a popular snack and ingredient choice due to their natural flavor, convenience, and nutritional benefits. These peanuts come in several distinct varieties, each differing in size, shell thickness, flavor profile, and best use. Understanding the differences can help consumers and chefs make informed choices based on taste, texture, and culinary application.

Spanish Peanuts

Small in size with a thick, durable shell, Spanish peanuts are prized for their rich, slightly sweet, and oily flavor. Their high oil content makes them ideal for processing.

Advantages

• Rich, robust flavor ideal for peanut butter
• High oil content enhances texture in spreads
• Thick shell offers good protection during storage
• Excellent for roasting and salted snacks

Limitations

• Smaller nut size may be less desirable for snacking
• Less common in raw in-shell retail markets
• Higher oil content may reduce shelf life if not stored properly

Best for: Peanut butter production, gourmet roasted snacks, confectionery uses

Runner Peanuts

Medium-sized with a consistent kernel shape, Runner peanuts have a mild, balanced flavor and are the most widely grown variety in the United States.

Advantages

• Dominates U.S. peanut butter market (over 80% share)
• Uniform size ideal for mechanical processing
• Mild flavor appeals to broad consumer tastes
• Excellent roasting characteristics

Limitations

• Less intense flavor compared to Spanish or Virginia types
• Primarily commercial—less common in specialty raw markets

Best for: Commercial peanut butter, roasted in-shell snacks, bulk food service

Valencia Peanuts

Known for their sweetness, Valencia peanuts typically contain 3–4 kernels per shell and have bright red skins. They are naturally sweeter and less oily than other varieties.

Advantages

• Exceptionally sweet, mild flavor—great for raw consumption
• Often grown organically due to natural disease resistance
• Ideal for natural and artisanal peanut butters
• Popular in children’s snacks due to sweetness

Limitations

• Shorter shelf life due to higher moisture content
• Less available commercially
• Smaller crop yield limits widespread cultivation

Best for: Natural peanut butter, boiled peanuts, fresh-market sales, health-focused products

Virginia Peanuts

The largest of all peanut varieties, Virginia peanuts are often called "jumbo" peanuts. They have a bold, nutty flavor and are commonly sold in-shell for roasting or snacking.

Advantages

• Pronounced, nutty flavor perfect for gourmet snacking
• Largest kernel size—ideal for in-shell roasting
• Favored in ballpark and vendor settings
• Excellent crunch and texture when roasted

Limitations

• Higher cost due to premium size and demand
• Thicker shells can be harder to crack
• Less suitable for mass peanut butter production

Best for: In-shell roasting, gourmet snacks, gift packs, ballpark peanuts

Organic Peanuts

Not a botanical variety, but a growing method. Organic peanuts (from any type) are cultivated without synthetic pesticides, herbicides, or fertilizers, meeting strict USDA organic certification standards.

Advantages

• No synthetic chemicals or GMOs
• Preferred by health-conscious and eco-aware consumers
• Often perceived as having a cleaner, more natural taste
• Supports sustainable farming practices

Limitations

• Higher price point due to labor-intensive farming
• Potential for lower yield and higher susceptibility to pests
• Availability may be seasonal or region-specific

Best for: Organic diets, clean-label products, specialty health stores, eco-conscious consumers

Raw Shelled Peanuts

These are peanuts that have been removed from their shells and are sold skin-on or skinless. They are ready for immediate use in cooking, baking, or roasting.

Advantages

• Time-saving—no shelling required
• Versatile for recipes, grinding, or roasting
• Easier to portion and store in bulk
• Ideal for commercial kitchens and food production

Limitations

• More prone to rancidity due to exposure
• Loses some freshness faster than in-shell peanuts
• Higher risk of contamination if not stored properly

Best for: Cooking, baking, homemade peanut butter, meal prep, and industrial food manufacturing

Variety	Size & Shell	Flavor Profile	Best Use	Availability
Spanish	Small nut, thick shell	Rich, oily, slightly sweet	Peanut butter, roasted snacks	Moderate (commercial focus)
Runner	Medium, uniform	Mild, balanced	Peanut butter, mass-market roasting	Widely available
Valencia	Medium-large, 3–4 nuts per shell	Very sweet, mild	Natural peanut butter, fresh snacks	Limited (seasonal/farmers markets)
Virginia	Large/jumbo, thick shell	Bold, nutty	In-shell roasting, gourmet snacks	Widely available (premium segment)
Organic	Varies by type	Clean, natural	Health-focused, clean-label products	Growing (specialty stores)
Raw Shelled	De-shelled, various sizes	Depends on variety	Cooking, baking, processing	Very widely available

Storage Tip: To extend shelf life, store raw dried peanuts in shell in a cool, dry place. For longer preservation, keep them in an airtight container in the refrigerator or freezer to prevent oil rancidity, especially for high-oil varieties like Spanish peanuts.

Business Uses of Raw Dried Peanuts in Shell: A Comprehensive Guide

Raw dried peanuts in shell are one of the most versatile and economically significant agricultural commodities in the global market. Their durability, nutritional value, and adaptability make them ideal for a wide range of industrial applications. From food production to cosmetics and international trade, raw peanuts serve as a foundational ingredient across multiple sectors. This guide explores the diverse business applications of raw dried peanuts in shell, highlighting their value chain, processing pathways, and economic impact.

Food Industry Applications

Peanut Butter Production

The food industry is the largest consumer of raw dried peanuts, with peanut butter being one of the most iconic end products. Raw peanuts are de-shelled, roasted, and ground into a smooth or crunchy paste, often with added salt, sugar, or stabilizers. Peanut butter is a staple in households worldwide, used as a spread on bread, in sandwiches, or as a base for sauces and dips.

Commercially, peanut butter is produced at scale by major food brands and private-label manufacturers. The demand for natural, organic, and low-sugar variants has driven innovation in this segment, creating new market opportunities for premium peanut-based spreads.

Baked Goods and Snacks

Raw peanuts are widely used in the baking industry as a key ingredient in cookies, muffins, granola bars, and breads. Their rich flavor and texture enhance the sensory profile of baked products. Roasted peanuts in shell are also a popular snack item, commonly sold in grocery stores, convenience outlets, and vending machines.

In social settings such as bars, sports venues, and airlines, salted peanuts in shell are offered as a traditional finger food. Their long shelf life and portability make them ideal for mass distribution and on-the-go consumption.

Confectionery and Candy Manufacturing

Peanut Brittle and Crunchy Candies

Peanuts are a core ingredient in confectionery products due to their ability to add crunch, flavor, and protein content. Peanut brittle—a hard, sugary candy embedded with peanuts—is a classic example, popular during holidays and festive seasons. The high oil content of peanuts contributes to the candy’s texture and mouthfeel.

Other peanut-based confections include honey-roasted peanuts, chocolate-covered peanuts, and nougat-filled candies. These products are often marketed as energy-boosting snacks or indulgent treats.

Chocolate and Energy Bars

Many chocolate manufacturers incorporate peanuts into their formulations to create hybrid products such as peanut-chocolate bars, peanut clusters, and caramel-peanut combinations. These items appeal to consumers seeking a balance of sweetness, saltiness, and nuttiness.

In the health and wellness sector, peanuts are used in protein bars and energy snacks due to their high protein and healthy fat content. These bars are targeted at athletes, outdoor enthusiasts, and health-conscious consumers, driving demand for sustainably sourced, non-GMO peanuts.

Peanut Oil Production and Culinary Uses

One of the most valuable byproducts of raw dried peanuts is peanut oil, extracted through mechanical pressing or solvent extraction. This oil is prized for its high smoke point (around 450°F or 232°C), making it ideal for deep frying, sautéing, and stir-frying without breaking down or producing off-flavors.

Mild Flavor Profile: Refined peanut oil has a neutral taste, making it suitable for a wide range of cuisines without overpowering other ingredients.

Nutty Aroma: Unrefined or cold-pressed peanut oil retains a distinct nutty aroma, enhancing dishes in Asian, African, and South American cooking.

Stability: High in monounsaturated fats, peanut oil is relatively stable and resistant to rancidity, extending the shelf life of fried foods and packaged products.

It is widely used in commercial kitchens, snack food manufacturing (e.g., potato chips), and restaurant chains due to its performance and cost-effectiveness.

Animal Feed and Agricultural Byproducts

After oil extraction, the remaining solid residue—known as peanut meal or cake—is a high-protein feed supplement used in livestock and poultry farming. With protein content ranging from 45% to 50%, peanut meal supports muscle development, milk production, and egg laying in animals.

This byproduct is particularly valuable in regions where soybean meal is expensive or unavailable. It is commonly blended with other feed ingredients to create balanced rations for cattle, swine, and poultry. However, due to potential aflatoxin contamination, peanut meal must be tested and processed under strict quality controls before use in animal nutrition.

Cosmetics and Skincare Industry

Peanut oil is increasingly recognized in the cosmetic industry for its emollient and nourishing properties. It is rich in vitamin E, antioxidants, and fatty acids, which help moisturize, protect, and repair the skin barrier.

Skin Care Formulations

Peanut oil is used in lotions, creams, balms, and soaps for its ability to penetrate the skin without clogging pores. It is especially effective in dry or sensitive skin formulations and is a common ingredient in baby care products due to its gentle nature and hypoallergenic potential (though allergy concerns must be considered).

Hair and Scalp Treatments

In hair care, peanut oil is used in conditioners, hair masks, and scalp treatments to reduce frizz, improve shine, and strengthen hair follicles. Its lightweight texture makes it suitable for leave-in products without leaving a greasy residue.

Global Export and Trade Economy

The international trade of raw dried peanuts in shell plays a vital role in the agricultural economies of major producing nations. These countries benefit from both domestic processing and export revenues, contributing to rural development and food security.

Top Producing Countries	Primary Export Markets	Key Trade Applications
China	Southeast Asia, Europe	Oil extraction, food processing
India	Middle East, Africa	Snacks, confectionery, animal feed
United States	Canada, Mexico, EU	Peanut butter, roasted snacks, industrial oil
Nigeria, Senegal, Sudan	Asia, Europe	Raw export, oil production

Raw peanuts in shell are preferred for export because the shell provides natural protection during transportation, reducing breakage and moisture absorption. International standards such as ISO and Codex Alimentarius regulate quality, moisture content, and aflatoxin levels to ensure safety and marketability.

Important Note: While raw dried peanuts offer numerous business opportunities, proper handling and storage are critical to prevent mold growth and aflatoxin contamination. Always source peanuts from certified suppliers, store them in dry, ventilated conditions, and comply with food safety regulations (e.g., FDA, EFSA). Additionally, clearly label products containing peanuts to protect consumers with allergies, as peanut allergens can trigger severe reactions.

Product Specifications and Features of Raw Dried Peanuts in Shell

Raw dried peanuts in shell are a versatile and nutritious agricultural product widely used for consumption, planting, and food manufacturing. Their natural protective shell helps preserve freshness and quality during storage and transport. Understanding the detailed specifications, nutritional benefits, and practical uses of this product enables buyers, retailers, and food producers to make informed decisions.

Key Specifications

• Moisture Content: Ideally less than 10% to prevent mold growth, spoilage, and maintain shelf stability. Proper drying after harvest is critical to achieving this standard.
• Size Classification: Varies significantly by peanut variety. For example, Virginia peanuts are prized for their large kernel size, making them ideal for in-shell roasting and premium snack markets.
• Shell Thickness: Differs among types—Virginia peanuts have thinner, more brittle shells that are easier to crack, while Spanish peanuts have harder, thicker shells better suited for processing.
• Flavor Profile: Naturally mild, earthy, and slightly sweet. This neutral base enhances well with seasoning and develops a richer taste when roasted.
• Aroma: Exhibits a characteristic nutty and wholesome scent. The aroma intensifies significantly after roasting, contributing to consumer appeal.

Quality Tip: Uniform size and low moisture content are strong indicators of high-grade raw peanuts suitable for commercial use.

Nutritional & Functional Features

• Rich in Nutrients: Packed with essential nutrients including protein, healthy fats, fiber, vitamin E, B-complex vitamins (like niacin and folate), and key minerals such as magnesium, phosphorus, and potassium.
• High in Healthy Fats: Approximately 50% of the fat content consists of monounsaturated fats—particularly oleic acid—which supports cardiovascular health by helping to maintain healthy cholesterol levels.
• Protein Powerhouse: With a protein content ranging from 25–30%, raw peanuts offer one of the highest plant-based protein yields among legumes, making them a staple in vegetarian and vegan diets.
• Rich in Antioxidants: Contains bioactive compounds like resveratrol, which has been linked to anti-aging properties, reduced inflammation, and improved heart health. Levels increase slightly after roasting.

Health Insight: Regular consumption of raw or roasted peanuts is associated with improved metabolic health and reduced risk of chronic diseases.

Common Uses and Applications

Raw dried peanuts in shell serve a wide range of culinary, agricultural, and industrial purposes. Their natural packaging makes them ideal for both retail and bulk distribution.

• Snacking: Most commonly enjoyed as a roasted in-shell snack, especially at sporting events, bars, and casual gatherings. Roasting enhances flavor and texture while preserving nutritional value.
• Peanut Butter Production: After shelling and roasting, peanuts are ground into smooth or chunky peanut butter—a popular spread rich in protein and healthy fats.
• Candy and Confectionery: Used in traditional treats like peanut brittle, honey roasted peanuts, and chocolate-covered nuts, where the nutty crunch adds sensory appeal.
• Agricultural Use: Unroasted raw peanuts can be planted to grow new peanut crops. Farmers often retain a portion of high-quality in-shell peanuts for seed stock.
• Home and Gourmet Cooking: Ideal for DIY roasting, spiced snacks, or incorporating into trail mixes and savory dishes for added protein and texture.

Variety	Kernel Size	Shell Characteristics	Primary Use	Protein Content
Virginia	Large to Jumbo	Thinner, easier to crack	Snacking, in-shell roasting	~28%
Spanish	Small to Medium	Thicker, more durable	Oil extraction, candy, peanut butter	~30%
Runner	Medium	Moderate thickness	Broad use: butter, snacks, roasting	~25%
Valencia	Small, often 3-4 kernels per shell	Thick but smooth shell	Natural peanut butter, boiled peanuts	~25%

Storage & Handling Recommendation: Store raw dried peanuts in shell in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area to maintain quality and prevent moisture absorption. Avoid exposure to direct sunlight or high humidity. Properly stored, they can last 6–12 months without significant degradation in flavor or texture. For extended shelf life, consider vacuum sealing or refrigeration in low-moisture environments.

Additional Considerations for Buyers

• Origin & Seasonality: Peanuts are typically harvested in the fall. Knowing the crop origin (e.g., U.S., China, India, Argentina) helps assess quality, flavor, and compliance with import regulations.
• Organic Options: Organically grown in-shell peanuts are increasingly available, meeting demand for non-GMO, pesticide-free products.
• Allergen Awareness: Peanuts are a major allergen. Ensure proper labeling and handling protocols are followed to prevent cross-contamination.
• Sustainability: Peanut farming improves soil health through nitrogen fixation, making it an environmentally beneficial crop when managed responsibly.
• Grading Standards: Look for USDA or international grading certifications (e.g., Grade A, Extra Large) to ensure consistency and premium quality.

How To Choose Raw Dried Peanuts In Shell: A Comprehensive Buyer’s Guide

Selecting high-quality raw dried peanuts in the shell is essential for both consumer satisfaction and business success. Whether you're a retailer, food manufacturer, or bulk buyer, understanding the key selection criteria ensures you get optimal flavor, freshness, and value. This guide covers everything from peanut varieties to organic certification, helping you make informed purchasing decisions with confidence.

Important Note: Always source peanuts from reputable suppliers who follow proper drying and storage practices. Poor handling can lead to mold growth (including aflatoxin risk), rancidity, or insect infestation—compromising both safety and quality.

Type of Peanut: Matching Variety to Use

The species and variety of peanut significantly influence flavor, oil content, size, and suitability for different applications. Choosing the right type depends on your intended use—snacking, roasting, peanut butter production, or cooking.

• Runner Peanuts: The most widely grown type in the U.S., especially in Georgia. Known for their uniform kernel size and high oil content, they are ideal for peanut butter production and roasting. They offer a balanced, mildly sweet flavor and excellent consistency.
• Virginia Peanuts: Often referred to as "gourmet" peanuts, these are large, bold-flavored nuts commonly sold in-shell for snacking or bar use. Their crisp texture and rich taste make them popular in premium roasted peanut products.
• Spanish Peanuts: Smaller in size with a reddish skin, these have a higher oil content and a more intense, nutty flavor. Frequently used in peanut candies, salted snacks, and ethnic cuisine. They also contain more protein and antioxidants than other types.
• Valencia Peanuts: Typically grown in New Mexico, these usually have three or more kernels per shell and a naturally sweet flavor. Commonly used for natural peanut butter and boiled peanuts. They are less common commercially but highly valued for their taste.

Pro Tip: If your business focuses on artisanal or flavored roasted peanuts, Virginia or Valencia types provide superior crunch and flavor absorption. For industrial peanut butter processing, Runner peanuts offer the best yield and consistency.

Shell Quality: A Key Indicator of Freshness and Protection

The shell serves as a natural barrier that protects the peanut kernel from moisture, pests, and physical damage. Evaluating shell integrity is crucial when assessing overall quality.

• Look for shells that are firm, intact, and free from cracks, punctures, or holes—signs of insect activity or rough handling.
• Shells should be tightly closed with minimal gaps; loose shells may indicate shriveled or underdeveloped kernels inside.
• Avoid peanuts with visible mold, dark spots, or staining, which could suggest moisture exposure or spoilage.
• The shell color should be light to medium tan—excessively dark or yellowed shells may indicate age or improper drying.

Moisture Content and Freshness: Ensuring Optimal Shelf Life

Proper moisture levels are critical for preserving freshness, preventing mold, and maintaining texture. Raw dried peanuts should be sufficiently dehydrated for long-term storage but not over-dried.

• Ideal moisture content for raw dried peanuts in-shell is between 6% and 8%. Higher levels increase the risk of fungal growth (especially aflatoxin), while lower levels can lead to brittle kernels and loss of flavor.
• Fresh peanuts may feel slightly cool or have a faint earthy aroma. Overly dry shells that crumble easily or feel powdery often contain stale or desiccated kernels.
• Perform a simple freshness test: shake the peanut—minimal rattle indicates a plump kernel and recent harvest. A loud rattle suggests shrinkage due to age or poor drying.
• Ask suppliers for moisture test reports when placing large orders to ensure compliance with food safety standards.

Size and Variety: Meeting Market and Customer Expectations

Peanut size affects both consumer appeal and processing efficiency. Size is typically categorized by mesh screen measurements and varies by type.

• Large Varieties (e.g., Virginia): Highly desirable for in-shell roasting, sports venues, and gourmet markets. Their size commands a premium price and offers a satisfying crunch.
• Medium Varieties (e.g., Runner): Most versatile—ideal for shelling, roasting, and manufacturing. Offers a balance of yield and flavor.
• Small Varieties (e.g., Spanish): Preferred for salted snack mixes, candies, and confections due to their bold flavor and compact size.

Size consistency is also important for packaging and branding. Uniform peanuts enhance product presentation and customer perception of quality.

Organic vs. Conventional: Understanding the Differences

The choice between organic and conventionally grown peanuts impacts not only cost but also environmental footprint, health considerations, and market positioning.

Factor	Organic Peanuts	Conventional Peanuts
Farming Practices	Grown without synthetic pesticides, herbicides, or fertilizers. Emphasizes crop rotation and natural soil health.	May use synthetic agrochemicals to control pests and boost yields.
Certification	Must be USDA Organic or equivalent certified, with documented farming and handling practices.	No certification required; subject to standard agricultural regulations.
Cost	Typically 20–40% more expensive due to labor-intensive practices and lower yields.	More affordable and widely available.
Market Demand	Preferred by health-conscious consumers, natural food stores, and premium brands.	Dominates mainstream retail and industrial food production.
Environmental Impact	Lower chemical runoff, better biodiversity, and sustainable soil management.	Higher potential for environmental contamination if not managed responsibly.

Consider your target market when choosing between organic and conventional. While organic peanuts appeal to clean-label trends, conventional options remain practical for cost-sensitive operations.

Buying Tip: Request sample batches before placing bulk orders. Evaluate shell appearance, kernel fill, taste (after roasting a small batch), and ease of shelling to ensure the product meets your quality standards.

Additional Selection Tips for Bulk Buyers

• Storage Conditions: Ensure peanuts have been stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated environment away from direct sunlight and strong odors.
• Harvest Date: Fresher peanuts (within 6–12 months of harvest) retain better flavor and oil quality. Ask for harvest or packing dates.
• Kernel Fill Test: Crack open a few random peanuts to check for full, plump kernels. Empty or half-filled shells indicate poor pollination or stress during growth.
• Packaging: Look for breathable mesh bags or ventilated containers that prevent moisture buildup. Avoid vacuum-sealed or plastic-wrapped bulk storage unless properly climate-controlled.
• Supplier Reputation: Work with suppliers who conduct regular aflatoxin testing and comply with FDA and USDA guidelines.

Choosing the right raw dried peanuts in-shell involves more than just price—it requires attention to variety, freshness, shell integrity, and sourcing practices. By applying these guidelines, you can ensure superior product quality, customer satisfaction, and long-term business success. Whether you're supplying a snack line or producing peanut butter, informed selection is the foundation of excellence.

Frequently Asked Questions About Raw Dried Peanuts in Shell

Q. What is the ideal moisture content for raw dried peanuts in shell?

The ideal moisture content for raw dried peanuts in shell should be **below 10%** to ensure long-term quality and safety. Maintaining low moisture levels is crucial because higher moisture can create favorable conditions for mold development, particularly harmful species like Aspergillus flavus, which can produce aflatoxins—potent carcinogens that pose serious health risks.

Proper drying after harvest and consistent monitoring during storage help maintain this optimal moisture range. Commercial suppliers often use moisture meters to verify levels before packaging, while home storgers should ensure peanuts are thoroughly dried and kept in dry environments.

Q. What are the nutritional benefits of raw dried peanuts in shell?

Raw dried peanuts in shell are a nutrient-dense food, offering a powerful combination of macronutrients and essential micronutrients. Despite being commonly referred to as nuts, peanuts are legumes, yet they provide health benefits comparable to tree nuts.

• Protein: Peanuts contain about 25–28% protein by weight, making them an excellent plant-based protein source ideal for vegetarians and vegans.
• Healthy Fats: Rich in monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats—especially oleic and linoleic acids—these fats support heart health and help reduce bad cholesterol (LDL).
• Vitamins: Excellent source of B-vitamins, including niacin (B3), which supports brain function, and folate (B9), important for cell division and DNA synthesis.
• Minerals: High in magnesium (supports muscle and nerve function), phosphorus (bone health), and potassium (regulates blood pressure).
• Antioxidants: Contain resveratrol, a compound also found in red wine, known for its anti-aging and cardiovascular protective properties.

Eating peanuts in-shell encourages slower consumption, which may aid in portion control and promote satiety, supporting weight management goals.

Q. How should raw dried peanuts in shell be stored to maintain freshness?

To preserve flavor, texture, and nutritional value, raw dried peanuts in shell should be stored properly using the following guidelines:

• Environment: Keep in a cool, dry place with stable temperatures—ideally below 70°F (21°C)—and away from humidity, direct sunlight, and heat sources like stoves or ovens.
• Container Type: Use breathable materials like mesh bags or paper sacks for short-term storage. For extended shelf life, transfer to airtight containers to minimize exposure to air and moisture.
• Long-Term Storage: For storage beyond 6–12 months, refrigeration (up to 1 year) or freezing (up to 2 years) is recommended. These methods significantly slow down oil rancidity and prevent pest infestations.
• Pest Prevention: Store in sealed containers to deter insects and rodents. Consider adding natural deterrents like bay leaves in storage areas.

Always inspect peanuts before consumption for signs of mold, off-odors, or discoloration, which may indicate spoilage.

Q. Are raw dried peanuts in shell suitable for planting?

Yes, raw dried peanuts in shell can be used for planting and growing your own peanut plants, provided they meet certain criteria:

• Seed Quality: Only use raw, untreated, and non-roasted peanuts. Roasting kills the embryo, making germination impossible.
• Source: Choose peanuts labeled as “heirloom” or “for planting.” Commercial snack peanuts may have been treated with preservatives or sourced from crops grown in unsuitable climates for replanting.
• Shell Integrity: The shell should be intact and undamaged to protect the seed during planting.
• Soil & Climate: Peanuts thrive in warm climates (70–80°F) with well-drained, sandy soil. They require a growing season of about 120–150 days.

Before planting, remove the peanuts from the shell and soak them in water for 12 hours to improve germination rates. Plant them 1–2 inches deep and keep the soil moist until sprouting occurs.

Q. Do raw dried peanuts in shell have a longer shelf life than peeled ones?

Yes, raw dried peanuts in shell have a significantly longer shelf life compared to shelled or peeled peanuts. The natural shell acts as a protective barrier that helps preserve the nut in several key ways:

Protection Factor	Role of the Shell
Moisture Resistance	Reduces exposure to humidity, minimizing the risk of mold and spoilage.
Air/Oxidation	Slows down the oxidation of oils, delaying rancidity and off-flavors.
Light Exposure	Blocks UV and visible light, which can degrade nutrients and fats.
Physical Damage	Shields kernels from crushing, pests, and contaminants.

When stored properly, in-shell peanuts can last 6–12 months at room temperature, up to 1 year in the refrigerator, and 2 years in the freezer. In contrast, shelled peanuts may begin to deteriorate in 1–3 months under similar conditions due to increased surface exposure.