Road Grader Price Guide: Composition, Structure, and Performance for Engineers

Types of Road Graders: A Comprehensive Guide

A road grader, also known as a motor grader, is a vital construction machine used for creating smooth, level surfaces during road construction, maintenance, and land grading. These machines feature a long, adjustable blade positioned between the front and rear axles, allowing operators to precisely shape soil, gravel, and other materials. With advancements in engineering and construction demands, various types of graders have emerged to suit different applications, terrains, and project scales.

This guide explores the most common types of road graders available today, detailing their features, advantages, limitations, and ideal use cases to help you choose the right equipment for your project.

Two-Axle Graders

Compact and agile, two-axle graders are typically smaller models designed for light to medium-duty grading tasks.

Advantages

• High maneuverability in tight spaces
• Lower operating and maintenance costs
• Ideal for small-scale projects
• Easier to transport and store

Limitations

• Limited power and blade capacity
• Less stability on uneven terrain
• Not suitable for large-scale or heavy-duty work

Best for: Driveways, private roads, horse arenas, landscaping, and residential construction

Three-Axle Graders

Equipped with an additional axle for improved balance, three-axle graders offer enhanced stability and precision for larger grading operations.

Advantages

• Superior weight distribution and stability
• Greater grading accuracy and smoother finishes
• Higher power and blade capacity
• Better performance on soft or uneven ground

Limitations

• Larger footprint and reduced maneuverability
• Higher fuel consumption and operating costs
• Requires more space for transport and operation

Best for: Public road construction, municipal projects, highways, and large-scale earthmoving

Four-Wheel-Drive Graders

These graders feature power delivered to all wheels, significantly improving traction and control in challenging conditions.

Advantages

• Exceptional traction on muddy, sandy, or loose terrain
• Improved operational efficiency in adverse weather
• Reduced slippage and downtime
• Enhanced safety and control on slippery surfaces

Limitations

• Higher initial purchase and maintenance cost
• Slightly increased complexity in mechanical systems
• May be overpowered for simple, dry-weather grading

Best for: Off-road grading, wetland projects, rainy climates, unpaved roads, and remote construction sites

Multiple-Ripper Graders

Fitted with several heavy-duty ripper tines at the rear, these graders can break up compacted soil, asphalt, or rocky ground before grading.

Advantages

• Eliminates need for separate ripping equipment
• Prepares hard surfaces for effective grading
• Increases efficiency and reduces project time
• Ideal for rehabilitation of old roads or dense terrain

Limitations

• Increased machine weight and complexity
• Higher maintenance for ripper mechanisms
• Not needed for soft or already-loose soil conditions

Best for: Road reconstruction, mining sites, agricultural land preparation, and areas with compacted or rocky soil

Semi-Modal (Mid-Size) Graders

Also known as mid-size graders, these machines offer a balanced blend of power, size, and versatility between compact and full-size models.

Advantages

• Excellent balance of power and maneuverability
• Versatile for a wide range of applications
• Cost-effective for medium-scale projects
• Suitable for both urban and rural environments

Limitations

• May lack the power of larger three-axle models
• Not as compact as two-axle graders for tight spaces
• Can be overkill for very small jobs

Best for: Road maintenance, secondary highways, utility work, and mixed-use construction projects

Walk-Behind Graders

Compact, pedestrian-operated machines designed for precision grading in confined or hard-to-reach areas.

Advantages

• Exceptional maneuverability in tight spaces
• Low cost and easy to operate
• Ideal for detailed, small-scale grading
• No need for a trained heavy equipment operator

Limitations

• Very limited grading capacity
• Not suitable for large or heavy-duty tasks
• Slower progress on extensive projects

Best for: Landscaping, curbside grading, parking lots, tight urban areas, and finishing work

Type	Size & Power	Maneuverability	Best Terrain	Typical Applications
Two-Axle Graders	Small to Medium	Excellent	Flat, stable surfaces	Driveways, private roads, arenas
Three-Axle Graders	Large, High-Power	Good	Uneven or soft ground	Highways, public works, large sites
Four-Wheel-Drive	Medium to Large	Very Good	Muddy, loose, slippery	Wetlands, remote areas, off-road
Multiple-Ripper	Heavy-Duty	Fair	Compacted, rocky, hard soil	Road rehab, mining, tough terrain
Semi-Modal	Medium	Very Good	Versatile	Road maintenance, mixed projects
Walk-Behind	Small, Lightweight	Excellent	Confined spaces	Landscaping, finishing, tight areas

Expert Tip: When selecting a grader, consider not only the job size but also site accessibility, soil conditions, and whether additional features like rippers or four-wheel drive are necessary. Renting specialized graders for short-term projects can be more cost-effective than purchasing.

Specifications and Maintenance of Road Graders

Understanding the specifications of road graders is essential for selecting the right machine for your construction or grading needs—whether you're purchasing a new grader or evaluating a used model. These machines are engineered for precision earthmoving, and their performance hinges on key components such as the engine, blade system, ripper, tires, and transmission. Equally important is a proactive maintenance strategy to ensure reliability, longevity, and operational safety.

Key Components and Technical Specifications

Engine System

Road graders operate in dusty, off-road environments, making engine protection critical. To prevent contamination, most graders are equipped with a fully enclosed and sealed air intake system that filters out debris and ensures clean airflow to the engine.

Engine options vary by manufacturer and model. Common configurations include the Cat® C7.1 or the 170 hp (126 kW) C4.4 ACERT™ engine, both known for fuel efficiency, durability, and compliance with emissions standards. These engines provide the consistent power needed for continuous grading operations under varying load conditions.

When evaluating a grader, consider engine horsepower, fuel type (diesel), emissions compliance (Tier 4 Final), and ease of access for maintenance.

Blade Assembly

The blade is the primary working component of a grader, responsible for cutting, leveling, and shaping soil. Standard blade lengths range from 12 to 24 feet, with a typical configuration being a 16-foot blade featuring a 1-inch by 8-inch cutting edge for balanced durability and precision.

Blades can be customized based on application needs. Common blade types include:

• Bowl/Bell Shape: Curved design for improved material retention during snow or soil moving.
• Ends Up/Ends Down: Adjustable end bits for controlling material flow and edge finishing.
• Carry vs. Scrape Configurations: Optimized for either transporting material over short distances or aggressive cutting and grading.

Interchangeable cutting edges and reversible wear plates help extend blade life and reduce long-term operating costs.

Ripper System

The ripper is used to break up compacted soil, rock, or frozen ground before grading. Ripper teeth vary in design and size depending on the intended application:

• Heavy-Duty Teeth (HDT): 16 inches long with a 10° cone angle; feature an S-shaped cup design for high-impact breaking.
• Standard Teeth: 24 inches long with a 15° cone angle; ideal for general-purpose ripping in moderately compacted soils.
• Frost Ripper Teeth: Up to 30 inches long with a 20° cone angle; designed for penetrating frozen ground. These often feature a cylindrical cup that helps manage ice and debris.

Multi-shank rippers (single or tandem) allow for adjustable depth and spacing, enhancing versatility across different terrain types.

Tire Configuration

Modern graders often feature all-wheel drive and all-wheel steering for superior maneuverability on rough or uneven terrain. Tire selection plays a crucial role in traction, ride comfort, and job efficiency.

Bias-Ply Tires: Known for strong sidewalls and puncture resistance, these are preferred in rugged, slow-speed environments like quarries or construction sites.

Radial Tires: Offer better tread life, heat dissipation, and ride quality, making them ideal for high-speed travel between job sites or on paved surfaces.

Common tire size: 14.00-24. Tread patterns—such as 'V' or 'L' designs—affect grip and self-cleaning ability in muddy or loose conditions.

Transmission System

The transmission determines how power is delivered to the wheels and affects both speed and control. Most graders use one of two transmission types:

• Powershift Transmission: Offers smooth gear changes under load. Modern systems feature up to 7 forward and reverse speeds with electronic controls for precise operation.
• Direct Drive Transmission: Simpler design with typically 4 speeds; reliable for basic grading tasks but less flexible in variable-speed applications.

High-speed, low-drag transmission patterns enhance fuel efficiency and reduce driveline resistance, especially during transport. Electronic monitoring systems help optimize shift timing and reduce wear.

Additional Features

While not always listed in core specs, several auxiliary systems enhance grader functionality:

• Hydraulic System: Powers blade angle, tilt, and ripper movement. High-flow hydraulics enable faster response and greater control.
• Cab Design: Ergonomic, climate-controlled cabs with 360° visibility improve operator comfort and productivity.
• Grade Control Systems: GPS or laser-guided systems enable automated blade control for precision grading.

These features significantly impact efficiency, especially in large-scale or repetitive grading projects.

Component	Common Specifications	Application Notes
Engine	Cat C7.1 or C4.4 ACERT™, 170 hp (126 kW), sealed intake	Ideal for dusty environments; meets Tier 4 emissions
Blade Length	12–24 ft; standard 16 ft with 1" x 8" cutting edge	Select based on job scale and required precision
Ripper Teeth	HDT: 16", 10°; Std: 24", 15°; Frost: 30", 20°	Match tooth type to soil hardness and temperature
Tires	14.00-24, radial or bias-ply, V/L tread	Radial for speed; bias for durability
Transmission	7-speed powershift (electronic) or 4-speed direct drive	Powershift for versatility; direct for simplicity

Essential Maintenance Practices

Follow Manufacturer Guidelines: Always consult the operator’s manual for service intervals, torque specs, and fluid types. Adhering to scheduled maintenance prevents premature wear and preserves warranty coverage.

Leak Detection: Regularly inspect for oil, coolant, hydraulic fluid, and fuel leaks. Early detection prevents system failures and environmental hazards.

Radiator and Condenser Cleaning: Dirt buildup reduces cooling efficiency and can lead to overheating. Clean the radiator and AC condenser frequently, especially after working in dusty or muddy conditions.

Tire and Brake Inspection: Monitor tires for uneven wear, cuts, or low pressure. Check drum brakes for lining thickness and adjust as needed. Worn components affect handling and safety.

Blade and Ripper Maintenance: Replace cutting edges when worn beyond 50%. Inspect ripper shanks and bushings for cracks or excessive play.

Pre-Use Inspection: Conduct a walk-around check before each shift. Look for loose bolts, damaged hoses, or fluid leaks.

Secure Transport: When loading onto a trailer, use heavy-duty chains or straps to prevent movement. Improper securing can cause damage or accidents.

Evaluate Used Graders Carefully: If purchasing a used machine, request maintenance records to assess service history. Machines with well-documented upkeep typically offer better reliability and resale value.

Parts Accessibility: Choose models where common wear parts (filters, blades, seals) are easy to identify, source, and replace. This reduces downtime and repair costs.

Important: Neglecting maintenance not only shortens the lifespan of your road grader but also increases the risk of costly breakdowns and safety incidents. A disciplined maintenance routine enhances machine performance, ensures operator safety, and maximizes return on investment—whether you're operating a single unit or managing a fleet.

Usage Scenarios of Road Graders

Renowned for their versatility, precision, and cost-effectiveness, road graders are indispensable across a wide range of industries. From large-scale infrastructure projects to emergency response and military operations, these powerful machines deliver unmatched performance in earthmoving and surface preparation tasks. Their ability to create smooth, level surfaces with minimal rework makes them a preferred choice for professionals in construction, agriculture, public works, and defense sectors.

Road and Highway Construction

The primary and most common application of road graders is in the construction and maintenance of roads and highways. Equipped with a long, adjustable leveling blade, graders prepare roadbeds by cutting, spreading, and grading soil, gravel, and aggregate materials to precise elevations and slopes.

• New Road Building: Road graders lay the foundation by shaping sub-base layers before asphalt or concrete paving, ensuring proper drainage and structural integrity.
• Surface Grading: They achieve fine grading of unpaved surfaces, creating smooth transitions and uniform crowns that prevent water pooling.
• Maintenance & Resurfacing: For gravel and dirt roads, graders regularly restore surface integrity by redistributing displaced materials, repairing ruts, and maintaining camber for effective runoff.

Key Benefit: Reduces long-term maintenance costs by establishing accurate grading from the outset.

Land Grading and Site Preparation

Road graders are essential in land development projects where precise terrain modification is required before construction begins. Whether preparing a flat site for a commercial building or shaping slopes for landscaping, graders offer superior control over elevation changes.

• Earth Balancing: They efficiently move soil from high points to low-lying areas, minimizing the need for external fill or excavation.
• Slope Stabilization: On hilly or uneven terrain, graders create terraces, berms, or stepped embankments to reduce erosion and improve stability.
• Drainage Planning: By establishing controlled gradients, they direct water flow away from structures, preventing flooding and foundation damage.

Pro Tip: Use laser-guided or GPS-equipped graders for high-precision grading in large-scale developments.

Agricultural and Farm Applications

Beyond construction, road graders play a vital role in agricultural operations, particularly on large farms, orchards, and vineyards where land uniformity directly impacts productivity.

• Field Leveling: Eliminates furrows, ridges, and depressions in crop fields, enhancing irrigation efficiency and reducing water waste.
• Soil Preparation: Prepares seedbeds by smoothing topsoil, promoting even germination and easier harvesting.
• Access Infrastructure: Builds and maintains internal farm roads, vineyard pathways, and fence-line clearings, improving mobility for equipment and personnel.

Sustainable Advantage: Proper grading supports conservation tillage and reduces soil erosion, contributing to long-term farm sustainability.

Snow and Ice Removal

In regions with heavy winter precipitation, road graders become critical assets for snow management. Fitted with specialized snow blades or plows, they clear wide swaths of snow from highways, rural roads, and airport runways.

• Efficient Clearing: The wide blade allows rapid snow removal over large areas, especially where snowplows may leave behind drifts or uneven layers.
• Ice Breaking: Heavy-duty blades can break up compacted snow and ice, improving traction and safety.
• Windrow Management: Graders push accumulated snow to the roadside, preventing re-blocking of cleared lanes.

Operational Insight: Often used after initial plowing to achieve a clean, level surface, especially on unpaved or secondary roads.

Military and Emergency Operations

Road graders are increasingly deployed in defense and disaster response scenarios due to their ruggedness and adaptability in austere environments.

• Obstacle Clearance: Some military units retrofit graders with reinforced or armor-piercing blades to dismantle barricades, clear debris, or breach fortifications.
• Field Infrastructure: Used to construct temporary roads, landing strips, and staging areas in remote or combat zones.
• Disaster Recovery: After floods, landslides, or earthquakes, graders help restore access by clearing mud, rubble, and damaged pavement.

Strategic Value: Their ability to operate without extensive support infrastructure makes them ideal for rapid deployment in crisis situations.

Additional Applications

Modern road graders are highly adaptable and can be equipped with various attachments to expand their functionality.

• Mining Operations: Used for haul road maintenance and site grading in open-pit mines.
• Utility Installation: Assist in preparing trenches and access routes for pipelines, cables, and power lines.
• Land Reclamation: Play a role in restoring disturbed land after construction or mining activities.
• Firebreak Creation: In wildfire-prone areas, graders clear vegetation and create firebreaks to stop the spread of flames.

Innovation Note: Integration with telematics and automated grading systems is enhancing precision and reducing operator fatigue.

Professional Recommendation: When selecting a grader for a specific task, consider blade width, engine power, maneuverability, and available attachments. For multi-purpose use, mid-sized graders (12–15 ft blade) offer the best balance of performance and versatility. Always prioritize models with advanced grading controls for improved accuracy and reduced rework.

Application	Common Grader Size	Key Features Utilized	Typical Attachments
Road Construction	Large (14–18 ft blade)	Laser/GPS guidance, rear ripper, moldboard angle control	Scarifiers, compaction wheels
Agricultural Leveling	Medium (10–14 ft blade)	Precision blade control, low ground pressure tires	Land planes, subsoilers
Snow Removal	Medium to Large	Heated hydraulic systems, high-visibility lighting	Snow plows, wing blades
Military/Disaster Response	Heavy-duty, armored variants	Reinforced frame, all-terrain capability	Breaching blades, winches, armor kits

Best Practices for Optimal Performance

• Operator Training: Skilled operators significantly improve grading accuracy and machine longevity.
• Pre-Use Inspection: Check blade wear, hydraulic systems, and tire condition before each job.
• Blade Maintenance: Replace cutting edges regularly to maintain efficiency and reduce strain on the machine.
• Environmental Awareness: Avoid grading during wet conditions to prevent soil compaction and erosion.
• Technology Integration: Leverage GPS and automated grading systems for repeatable, high-precision results.

How to Choose Road Grader Prices: A Comprehensive Buyer’s Guide

Selecting the right road grader involves more than just comparing price tags—it requires a strategic evaluation of your project needs, equipment specifications, and long-term value. Whether you're managing a small construction site or overseeing a large-scale infrastructure development, understanding how to assess road grader pricing can save time, reduce operating costs, and improve job site efficiency. This guide breaks down the key factors that influence grader costs and provides actionable insights to help you make an informed purchase decision.

Important Note: Road grader prices can range from $50,000 for compact used models to over $500,000 for high-capacity, technologically advanced machines. Always align your budget with performance requirements to avoid under- or over-investing in equipment.

Step 1: Assess Your Project Requirements

The foundation of any smart purchasing decision starts with a thorough understanding of your operational needs. The type, scale, and environment of your project directly influence the ideal grader specifications and, consequently, its price.

• Project Type and Scope: Small landscaping or rural road maintenance may only require a mid-sized grader (e.g., 12–16 foot blade). In contrast, major highway construction or mining operations demand heavy-duty graders with extended blades (18+ feet) and higher horsepower.
• Material and Terrain Conditions: Flat, stable terrain with minimal obstructions allows for standard grading equipment. However, rough, hilly, or rocky terrain requires graders with enhanced traction, greater blade strength, and robust undercarriage protection—features that increase both capability and cost.
• Frequency of Use: Occasional use may justify a smaller or used model, while continuous, daily operation calls for a durable, high-performance machine designed for longevity and minimal downtime.
• Maneuverability Needs: Confined spaces or urban environments benefit from compact or articulated graders, which offer superior turning radius but may come at a premium due to specialized design.

Step 2: Explore Grader Options and Compare Specifications

Once your needs are clearly defined, you can narrow your search to models that match your operational demands. Comparing technical specifications helps you evaluate value beyond the sticker price.

• Engine Power (Horsepower): Ranges from 100 HP for small graders to over 300 HP for large models. Higher horsepower improves grading speed and efficiency on tough terrain but increases fuel consumption and initial cost.
• Blade Width and Configuration: Wider blades (14–20 ft) cover more ground per pass, boosting productivity. Look for models with adjustable moldboards, tilt, and lift capabilities for greater precision.
• Transmission and Drive System: Modern graders offer hydrostatic or mechanical transmissions. Four-wheel drive enhances traction in muddy or uneven conditions, adding to the overall price but improving performance.
• Cab Features and Operator Comfort: Advanced models include climate control, ergonomic seating, and noise-reduction technology—important for long shifts and operator retention.
• Technology Integration: GPS-guided grading systems, automated blade control, and telematics can significantly improve accuracy and reduce rework, justifying higher upfront costs through long-term savings.

When comparing prices, obtain quotes from multiple dealers and manufacturers. Don’t hesitate to negotiate—many sellers offer seasonal discounts, trade-in allowances, or financing incentives that can reduce total ownership cost.

Step 3: New vs. Used Road Graders – Weighing the Trade-Offs

One of the most impactful decisions affecting price is whether to buy new or used equipment. Each option has distinct financial and operational implications.

Factor	New Road Graders	Used Road Graders
Initial Cost	$150,000 – $500,000+	$50,000 – $120,000
Fuel Efficiency	High (meets latest emissions standards)	Variable (older engines may be less efficient)
Maintenance & Repairs	Minimal (under warranty, low wear)	Higher (potential for unexpected repairs)
Technology Features	Advanced (GPS, auto-blade, telematics)	Limited or outdated
Resale Value	Strong (especially within first 3–5 years)	Moderate (depends on condition and age)
Downtime Risk	Low	Moderate to High

New Graders offer peace of mind with full warranties, modern safety features, and compliance with environmental regulations. They often come with operator training and service packages, making them ideal for companies prioritizing reliability and efficiency.

Used Graders provide significant upfront savings and are suitable for businesses with tight budgets or short-term projects. However, always conduct a pre-purchase inspection by a qualified technician to assess engine health, hydraulic systems, blade wear, and frame integrity.

Expert Tip: When buying used, request maintenance records and verify the machine’s service history. A well-maintained grader with 3,000–5,000 hours of operation can offer excellent value, while one with poor upkeep may cost more in repairs than it saves upfront.

Additional Cost Considerations

• Attachments and Accessories: Consider the cost of optional blades, ripper attachments, or snow plow kits that may enhance versatility.
• Transportation and Delivery: Large graders require specialized hauling, which can add thousands to the total cost.
• Training and Support: Ensure operator training is included or budget for certification programs to maximize equipment utilization.
• Financing and Tax Benefits: Leasing or financing options can spread costs over time. Additionally, new equipment purchases may qualify for tax deductions under Section 179.

Choosing the right road grader price isn’t just about finding the cheapest option—it’s about investing in the right machine for your workload, terrain, and long-term goals. By carefully assessing your needs, comparing specifications, and weighing the pros and cons of new versus used equipment, you can make a confident, cost-effective decision that enhances productivity and project success.

Road Grader Price: Frequently Asked Questions

Q1: What are the different types of road graders?

Road graders come in various configurations designed to meet specific construction and grading needs. Understanding the different types helps in selecting the right machine for your project and budget. Here's a breakdown of the most common types:

• Standard Motor Graders: These are the most widely used graders, typically featuring blade widths between 2 and 3 meters. They are ideal for general road construction, highway maintenance, and large-scale earthmoving projects due to their balance of power, precision, and versatility.
• Mini or Compact Graders: With blade widths under 2 meters, these smaller machines are perfect for confined spaces and lighter-duty tasks such as rural road development, trench grading, landscaping, and utility work. Their compact size allows for greater maneuverability in tight or sensitive areas.
• All-Wheel-Drive (AWD) Graders: Equipped with power delivered to all wheels, AWD graders offer superior traction, stability, and control on rough, muddy, or uneven terrain. This makes them ideal for off-road grading, mining operations, and challenging weather conditions where consistent performance is critical.
• Two-Wheel-Drive (2WD) Graders: More cost-effective and simpler in design, 2WD graders are best suited for flat or mildly undulating terrain and routine road maintenance. While less capable in extreme conditions, they are reliable and efficient for standard grading tasks on paved or prepared surfaces.

Choosing the right type depends on your project scope, terrain, and frequency of use. Contractors often opt for AWD models for heavy-duty applications, while municipalities may prefer compact or 2WD graders for regular upkeep.

Q2: What factors affect the price of a road grader?

The cost of a road grader can vary significantly based on several key specifications and features. Understanding these factors can help buyers make informed decisions and find the best value for their needs:

• Size and Weight: Larger graders with extended frames and heavier builds require more materials and engineering, increasing their price. Heavy-duty models designed for large-scale projects are naturally more expensive than lightweight alternatives.
• Engine Power (Horsepower): Higher horsepower engines provide greater performance and efficiency, especially when handling tough terrain or continuous operation. Machines with engines exceeding 200 HP can cost significantly more than entry-level models with 100–150 HP.
• Blade Size and Grading Capacity: The blade’s width and adjustability directly influence the grader’s productivity. Models with wider blades (e.g., 4–5 meters) or advanced hydraulic controls for pitch, tilt, and angle offer greater precision and command higher prices.
• Drive System: As mentioned, AWD graders are more complex and expensive than 2WD versions due to additional drivetrain components and enhanced traction systems. The price difference can range from 15% to 30% depending on the brand and model.
• Technology and Automation: Modern graders equipped with GPS-guided grading, laser leveling, or automated blade control systems offer unmatched accuracy and reduce labor costs—but come at a premium. These smart grading technologies are increasingly common in high-end models.
• Brand and Build Quality: Established manufacturers like Caterpillar, Volvo, and John Deere often price their graders higher due to reputation, durability, and resale value. However, they also offer better warranty support and parts availability.
• New vs. Used: Brand-new graders can range from $80,000 for compact models to over $500,000 for large, high-tech AWD units. Used or refurbished machines offer substantial savings, though buyers should inspect wear, maintenance history, and remaining service life carefully.

When budgeting for a grader, consider not just the upfront cost but also long-term operating expenses, fuel efficiency, maintenance needs, and expected return on investment.

Q3: What is the primary difference between a road grader and a bulldozer?

While both road graders and bulldozers are essential earthmoving machines, they serve distinct purposes and are engineered for different types of work:

Feature	Road Grader	Bulldozer
Primary Function	Precision grading, leveling, and fine surface finishing.	Heavy pushing, excavation, and moving large volumes of material.
Blade Design	Long, narrow, and centrally mounted with multi-directional adjustability (angle, tilt, height).	Wide, vertical, and front-mounted for maximum pushing force.
Mobility System	Wheeled (usually 6x4 or 6x6), allowing higher speeds and better road travel.	Tracked, providing superior traction and stability on soft or uneven ground.
Control & Precision	High precision with fine blade adjustments; ideal for creating smooth, accurate slopes and road surfaces.	Less precise but extremely powerful; best for clearing land, digging, and rough grading.
Typical Applications	Road construction, highway maintenance, airport runways, and site preparation requiring smooth finishes.	Demolition, mining, land clearing, and foundational excavation where brute force is needed.

In summary, a road grader excels in creating flat, even surfaces with millimeter-level accuracy, making it indispensable in infrastructure projects. A bulldozer, by contrast, is built for raw power and durability in heavy-duty environments. Many construction sites use both machines in tandem—one to move material (dozer), and the other to finish it (grader).