Wpc Wall Cladding: Types, Technical Features, and How They Are Used in Engineering Projects

Types of WPC Wall Cladding

WPC wall cladding (Wood Plastic Composite) is a modern, high-performance material that combines the natural beauty of wood with the durability and resilience of plastic. It has become a preferred choice for both interior and exterior applications due to its exceptional resistance to moisture, UV exposure, warping, and insect damage. Unlike traditional wood, WPC cladding requires minimal maintenance and does not need regular painting or sealing.

Engineered for versatility, WPC wall cladding enhances architectural aesthetics while offering long-term functional benefits. Available in a wide range of finishes, textures, and designs, it can mimic real wood, stone, or contemporary patterns, making it ideal for residential, commercial, and hospitality projects. Below is a comprehensive breakdown of WPC cladding types based on application, finish, and design.

Exterior WPC Cladding

Specially formulated for outdoor use, these panels are engineered to withstand harsh weather conditions including rain, snow, UV radiation, and temperature fluctuations.

Advantages

• High weather resistance
• UV-stabilized to prevent fading
• Resistant to rot, mold, and mildew
• Durable for long-term outdoor exposure

Limitations

• Slightly higher cost than interior-grade panels
• May require expansion gaps in extreme climates

Best for: Facades, garden walls, pergolas, pool surrounds, and commercial exteriors

Interior WPC Cladding

Designed for indoor environments, these panels prioritize aesthetic appeal, ease of installation, and acoustic performance while maintaining moisture resistance.

Advantages

• Easy to clean and maintain
• Moisture-resistant (ideal for bathrooms, kitchens)
• Wide range of decorative finishes
• Lightweight and easy to install

Limitations

• Not suitable for prolonged outdoor exposure
• Limited structural strength compared to exterior panels

Best for: Living rooms, bathrooms, kitchens, offices, and retail interiors

Textured Cladding

Features realistic surface patterns such as wood grain, stone, or embossed designs that replicate natural materials with enhanced tactile appeal.

Advantages

• Authentic natural appearance
• Non-slip surface (ideal for wet areas)
• Hides scratches and fingerprints
• Versatile for rustic, modern, or traditional styles

Limitations

• May trap dust in deep grooves
• Requires occasional cleaning in textured areas

Best for: Accent walls, bathrooms, feature walls, and high-traffic areas

Smooth Cladding

Offers a sleek, flat surface with a modern, minimalist finish. Ideal for creating clean, contemporary spaces with a polished look.

Advantages

• Modern and elegant appearance
• Easy to wipe clean
• Reflects light, brightening interiors
• Compatible with digital printing for custom designs

Limitations

• Shows scratches and smudges more easily
• Less grip in wet environments

Best for: Modern homes, offices, kitchens, and commercial interiors

Plank Cladding

Resembles traditional wooden planks with a long, narrow profile. Installed horizontally or vertically to create a classic, timeless wall finish.

Advantages

• Classic and versatile design
• Easy to install with tongue-and-groove system
• Creates visual height or width depending on orientation
• Available in various widths and colors

Limitations

• Visible seams between planks
• May require more fasteners or adhesives

Best for: Feature walls, living rooms, bedrooms, and farmhouse-style interiors

Panel Cladding

Large-format panels that cover more surface area per piece, reducing installation time and minimizing joints for a seamless look.

Advantages

• Faster installation
• Fewer seams for a clean, modern appearance
• High impact resistance
• Ideal for large commercial walls

Limitations

• Heavier and harder to handle
• Requires professional installation in some cases

Best for: Offices, hotels, retail spaces, and modern architectural projects

Slat Cladding

Composed of thin, evenly spaced slats that create a rhythmic, linear pattern. Offers a modern, airy aesthetic with shadow play and depth.

Advantages

• Modern, architectural look
• Creates visual interest and depth
• Allows for ventilation in exterior applications
• Can be used for privacy screens or room dividers

Limitations

• Gaps may collect debris (outdoor use)
• Less surface coverage per panel

Best for: Accent walls, ceilings, balconies, and modern facades

Type	Primary Use	Aesthetic Appeal	Durability	Installation Ease
Exterior WPC	Outdoor facades, garden walls	Natural or modern finishes	Excellent	Medium
Interior WPC	Indoor walls, bathrooms, kitchens	Decorative, customizable	Good	Easy
Textured Finish	Both interior and exterior	High (natural look)	Very Good	Medium
Smooth Finish	Indoor modern spaces	High (sleek appearance)	Good	Easy
Plank Design	Residential interiors, accent walls	Classic, timeless	Good	Easy
Panel Design	Commercial, large walls	Minimalist, seamless	Excellent	Medium
Slat Design	Modern facades, accent walls	Architectural, dynamic	Very Good	Medium

Expert Tip: For exterior installations, ensure proper ventilation behind the cladding and use UV-resistant fasteners to maximize lifespan. In humid areas like bathrooms, opt for textured or grooved WPC panels to enhance safety and reduce slip risk.

Features and Functions of WPC Wall Cladding

Wood-Plastic Composite (WPC) wall cladding has become a top choice for modern construction due to its innovative blend of performance, sustainability, and visual appeal. Widely adopted by builders, architects, and homeowners alike, WPC cladding combines the natural beauty of wood with the resilience of engineered materials. Below is a detailed exploration of its key features and functional benefits that make it a superior alternative to traditional wall cladding options.

Core Features and Functional Benefits

Durability & Longevity

WPC wall cladding is engineered for exceptional durability, making it ideal for both residential and commercial applications. It resists cracking, warping, and fading even under extreme weather conditions such as heavy rainfall, prolonged UV exposure, high humidity, and temperature fluctuations.

Unlike natural wood, WPC does not rot, splinter, or attract termites and other wood-boring insects. Its composite structure—typically made from wood fibers and thermoplastics—ensures structural integrity over decades. This long service life significantly reduces the need for repairs or replacements, offering excellent long-term value.

Aesthetic Versatility

One of the standout advantages of WPC cladding is its ability to mimic the rich textures and grain patterns of natural wood, stone, or even concrete, without the associated maintenance drawbacks. Available in a wide range of colors, finishes, and profiles—including brushed, grooved, and smooth surfaces—it allows for extensive design flexibility.

Whether you're aiming for a rustic cabin look, a sleek modern facade, or an urban industrial style, WPC cladding can be customized to suit any architectural vision. Its consistent appearance and fade-resistant pigments ensure that the exterior retains its visual appeal for years.

Eco-Friendly & Sustainable

WPC wall cladding supports green building practices by utilizing recycled materials. Most products are composed of 60–70% reclaimed wood fibers (such as sawdust or wood chips) and 30–40% recycled plastics (like HDPE or PP), diverting waste from landfills and reducing reliance on virgin timber.

Additionally, WPC is fully recyclable at the end of its lifecycle, contributing to a circular economy. Its production process consumes less energy than traditional materials like aluminum or concrete, further lowering its environmental footprint. Choosing WPC cladding aligns with sustainability goals and certifications such as LEED or BREEAM.

Low Maintenance Requirements

Unlike wood, which requires regular sanding, staining, or sealing to prevent deterioration, WPC cladding is virtually maintenance-free. It does not need painting, oiling, or chemical treatments to preserve its appearance or performance.

Cleaning is simple: a periodic wash with mild soap and water using a soft brush or hose is sufficient to remove dust, dirt, or mild stains. This ease of care translates into long-term cost savings and less time spent on upkeep, making it ideal for busy homeowners and property managers.

Moisture & Mold Resistance

WPC is inherently water-resistant due to its plastic matrix, which prevents moisture absorption. This makes it an excellent choice for high-humidity environments, coastal areas, or regions with frequent rainfall.

The material resists swelling, warping, and fungal growth, eliminating common issues associated with wood cladding. Its closed-cell structure inhibits mold, mildew, and rot, ensuring a clean, healthy exterior wall system that maintains both structural and aesthetic integrity over time.

Easy & Efficient Installation

WPC wall cladding is lightweight compared to masonry, metal, or solid wood, making it easier to transport, handle, and install. Most systems feature interlocking profiles, hidden fasteners, or tongue-and-groove joints that allow panels to be snapped or slid into place with minimal tools.

This modular design reduces installation time and labor costs, often enabling DIY-friendly projects. Many manufacturers provide comprehensive installation guides, instructional videos, and compatible accessory kits (such as corner trims, starter strips, and finishing caps) to streamline the process and ensure professional results.

Feature	Functional Benefit	Best For
Durability	Resists weathering, UV, insects, and physical damage	All climates, high-traffic areas, commercial buildings
Aesthetic Options	Realistic wood/stone look with customizable finishes	Modern homes, luxury developments, architectural facades
Eco-Friendliness	Made from recycled materials; recyclable at end-of-life	Sustainable builds, green-certified projects
Low Maintenance	No painting, sealing, or staining required	Homeowners, rental properties, low-maintenance landscapes
Moisture Resistance	Non-absorbent; prevents mold, rot, and swelling	Bathrooms, kitchens, coastal zones, rainy regions
Installation Ease	Lightweight with click-together systems	DIY projects, quick renovations, tight timelines

Additional Advantages

• Fire Retardant Options: Some WPC cladding products are treated with fire-resistant additives, meeting local building codes for flame spread and smoke development.
• Thermal Insulation: The composite material provides moderate insulation properties, helping to regulate indoor temperatures and improve energy efficiency.
• Splinter-Free Surface: Safe for homes with children or barefoot traffic, especially in outdoor living spaces.
• Consistent Quality: Factory-controlled production ensures uniform color, dimensions, and finish across all panels.

Important: While WPC cladding is highly durable, proper installation according to manufacturer guidelines is crucial for optimal performance. Ensure adequate ventilation behind the cladding to prevent moisture buildup, and use compatible fasteners and accessories. Always verify product specifications for your regional climate and building code requirements.

Applications of WPC Wall Cladding

Wood-Plastic Composite (WPC) wall cladding combines the natural beauty of wood with the durability and low maintenance of engineered materials. Its versatility makes it suitable for a wide range of architectural and design applications, both indoors and outdoors. Below is a comprehensive overview of where and how WPC wall cladding excels, highlighting its functional benefits and aesthetic appeal.

Residential Homes

WPC wall cladding is increasingly popular for exterior façades in modern homes. It enhances curb appeal with a warm, wood-like appearance while offering long-term protection against environmental wear.

• Resists warping, cracking, and swelling due to moisture exposure
• Maintains structural integrity in varying climates
• Available in natural wood finishes (e.g., cedar, teak) and contemporary colors
• Reduces long-term maintenance compared to traditional wood siding

Design tip: Pair with stone or metal accents for a modern farmhouse or Scandinavian aesthetic

Commercial Buildings

Hotels, office complexes, restaurants, and retail spaces use WPC cladding to achieve a premium look with minimal upkeep. It supports branding through consistent visual appeal and professional presentation.

• Withstands heavy use and frequent cleaning in high-visibility areas
• Fire-retardant options available for compliance with building codes
• Uniform color and texture across panels ensure a polished finish
• Ideal for feature walls, lobbies, and exterior signage surrounds

Pro insight: Choose co-extruded WPC for enhanced scratch and stain resistance in busy environments

Coastal & Marine Environments

WPC is exceptionally well-suited for seaside properties and waterfront developments due to its resistance to saltwater, humidity, and UV exposure.

• Does not absorb moisture, preventing rot and delamination
• Immune to salt spray corrosion that damages metal and degrades untreated wood
• Stable performance in high-wind and storm-prone regions
• Low maintenance—no need for sealing or painting

Key advantage: Outperforms traditional wood and MDF in coastal zones

Hot & Sunny Climates

In regions with intense sunlight and high temperatures, WPC cladding maintains its color and structure thanks to advanced UV stabilizers.

• Fade-resistant pigments preserve appearance for years
• Thermal expansion is minimized through engineered composition
• Reflective finishes reduce heat absorption on building exteriors
• Performs reliably in desert or tropical environments

Expert note: Lighter colors help reduce surface temperature and energy costs

Humid & Rainy Climates

Areas with frequent rainfall and high humidity benefit from WPC’s inherent water resistance, making it ideal for tropical and temperate rainforest regions.

• Prevents mold, mildew, and fungal growth on wall surfaces
• No swelling or warping after prolonged exposure to rain
• Ventilated installation methods promote airflow behind panels
• Complements green building practices by extending building lifespan

Installation tip: Use a rainscreen system for optimal moisture management

High-Traffic Areas

Schools, hospitals, hotels, and public buildings use WPC cladding in corridors and common areas where durability and hygiene are critical.

• Scratch- and impact-resistant surface withstands daily wear
• Easy to clean with standard detergents—ideal for sanitary environments
• Repairable with minimal disruption; individual panels can be replaced
• Sound-dampening properties improve acoustic comfort

Maintenance benefit: Reduces facility upkeep costs over time

Interior Wall Cladding

WPC is widely used indoors to create inviting, textured wall surfaces in living rooms, bedrooms, kitchens, and bathrooms.

• Provides a warm, natural aesthetic without the cost of solid wood
• Water-resistant—perfect for kitchens and bathrooms
• Available in matte, textured, and gloss finishes for design flexibility
• Can be installed over existing walls with minimal preparation

Design versatility: Works with modern, rustic, and minimalist interiors

Decorative & Feature Walls

Architects and designers use WPC for accent walls, room dividers, and artistic installations due to its wide range of patterns and textures.

• Available in 3D embossed, grooved, and geometric designs
• Customizable lengths and colors for unique visual effects
• Can be backlit for dramatic lighting features in hospitality or retail
• Lightweight compared to stone or brick veneers

Creative application: Combine with LED lighting for dynamic interior statements

Professional Recommendation: When specifying WPC wall cladding, consider the environmental exposure and aesthetic goals of the project. For exterior use, prioritize UV-stabilized, co-extruded products with a warranty of 10+ years. For interiors, focus on texture, color coordination, and ease of installation. Always ensure proper ventilation and expansion gaps during installation to maximize longevity and performance.

Application	Key Benefit	Recommended WPC Type	Lifespan (Years)
Exterior Residential	Weather & UV resistance	Co-extruded, capped WPC	15–25
Commercial Façades	Durability & visual consistency	Fire-rated, textured panels	20+
Coastal Buildings	Moisture & salt resistance	Sealed edge, marine-grade	15–20
Interior Feature Walls	Aesthetic versatility	Decorative profile, matte finish	10–15
High-Traffic Interiors	Impact & stain resistance	High-density, easy-clean surface	15–20

Additional Considerations

• Sustainability: Many WPC products contain recycled wood and plastic, contributing to eco-friendly construction
• Installation: Tongue-and-groove or click-lock systems allow for fast, tool-free assembly
• Insulation: Can be combined with thermal insulation boards for improved energy efficiency
• Color Retention: Premium WPC includes pigments that resist fading for up to 15 years
• Code Compliance: Select fire-rated variants for commercial and multi-family buildings

How to Choose WPC Wall Cladding: A Complete Buyer’s Guide

Choosing the right Wood-Plastic Composite (WPC) wall cladding is essential for enhancing your building’s aesthetics, durability, and long-term performance. WPC cladding combines the natural beauty of wood with the resilience of plastic, making it a popular choice for both residential and commercial projects. However, not all WPC products are created equal. This comprehensive guide outlines the key factors to consider when selecting the best WPC wall cladding for your project, ensuring you make an informed, value-driven decision.

Important Note: Always verify the intended application of the WPC product. Some claddings are designed exclusively for exterior use, while others are suitable for interior walls. Using the wrong type in an inappropriate environment can lead to premature degradation and void warranties.

Key Factors to Consider When Choosing WPC Wall Cladding

1. Consider the Installation Location

   The environment where the cladding will be installed plays a crucial role in product selection. WPC wall cladding is available in variants tailored for different conditions:

   • Exterior Walls: Choose UV-resistant, weatherproof cladding with high moisture resistance. Look for products with anti-fading technology to maintain color over time.
   • Interior Walls: Opt for finishes with enhanced texture and design variety. These may not require the same level of weather resistance but should still be durable and easy to clean.
   • High-Moisture Areas: For bathrooms, kitchens, or coastal regions, select cladding with superior water resistance and anti-mold properties.
   • Structural Compatibility: Ensure the cladding is suitable for vertical wall applications—some WPC products are designed for decking or fencing and are not appropriate for wall use.
2. Determine Your Budget

   WPC wall cladding varies significantly in price depending on composition, brand, and features. While it’s tempting to choose the lowest-cost option, consider the long-term value:

   • Budget-Friendly Options: Typically use a higher plastic content and may have thinner profiles. Suitable for short-term projects or low-traffic areas.
   • Premium Cladding: Often includes advanced UV protection, thicker boards, better locking systems, and longer warranties. Ideal for high-exposure or high-visibility applications.
   • Cost per Square Meter: Compare prices based on coverage, not just per plank, to accurately assess value.
3. Look for Quality and Certifications

   High-quality WPC cladding is made from sustainable, rigorously tested materials. Always check for recognized certifications that validate product integrity:

   • Forest Stewardship Council (FSC): Ensures wood fibers are sourced from responsibly managed forests.
   • CE Mark: Indicates compliance with European safety, health, and environmental standards.
   • ISO 9001: Reflects consistent manufacturing quality and process control.
   • ASTM Standards: Look for compliance with ASTM D7032 (for WPC properties) and other relevant building codes.
4. Check the Warranty

   A comprehensive warranty is a strong indicator of manufacturer confidence and product reliability:

   • Warranty Duration: Reputable brands offer 10–25 year warranties. Longer coverage often reflects superior material stability and fade resistance.
   • Coverage Details: Review what is included—color retention, structural integrity, mold resistance, and installation defects.
   • Transferability: Some warranties are transferable to new property owners, adding value if you plan to sell.
   • Claim Process: Choose brands with straightforward, well-documented support procedures.
5. Installation Method and Ease

   The installation system affects both labor costs and long-term maintenance:

   • Interlocking Systems: Tongue-and-groove or click-fit designs allow for quick, tool-free assembly. Ideal for DIY projects and large surfaces.
   • Screw-Down Systems: Provide maximum stability and are easier to repair or replace individual panels. Require more labor and precision.
   • Hidden Fasteners: Offer a clean, seamless appearance but may require specialized clips and experienced installers.
   • Professional vs. DIY: Assess your skill level or contractor’s expertise. Complex designs or multi-story installations benefit from professional handling.
6. Maintenance Requirements

   One of the biggest advantages of WPC cladding is its low maintenance, but performance varies by product:

   • Surface Finish: Smooth finishes are easier to clean but may show scratches. Textured or embossed surfaces hide wear better.
   • Stain and Mold Resistance: Premium claddings include additives that resist dirt, algae, and mildew, especially in humid climates.
   • Cleaning Needs: Most WPC cladding only requires occasional washing with mild soap and water. Avoid abrasive cleaners or pressure washing above 1,500 PSI.
   • Long-Term Appearance: Choose fade-resistant products if maintaining color consistency is important for your design.

Selection Factor	Key Considerations	Recommended Features	Potential Risks of Poor Choice
Location	Indoor vs. outdoor, climate exposure	UV protection, moisture resistance	Warping, fading, mold growth
Budget	Initial cost vs. lifespan	Balanced cost-to-performance ratio	Early replacement, higher long-term costs
Quality & Certifications	Material sourcing and testing	FSC, CE, ISO, ASTM compliance	Environmental impact, structural failure
Warranty	Length and coverage	15+ years, color & structural protection	Unexpected repair costs, lack of support
Installation	DIY vs. professional, system type	Click-fit or screw-down with clear instructions	Improper alignment, panel damage
Maintenance	Frequency and effort	Low-stain, easy-clean surface	Discoloration, increased upkeep time

Expert Tip: Request physical samples before purchasing. Evaluating the texture, weight, and color in natural light helps ensure the cladding matches your design vision and performs well in your specific environment.

Additional Tips for Long-Term Satisfaction

• Compare multiple brands and read verified customer reviews for real-world performance insights.
• Ask suppliers for technical data sheets (TDS) and installation guides to assess product specifications.
• Consider the environmental impact—some WPCs use recycled wood and plastic, contributing to sustainable building practices.
• Ensure compatibility with your existing wall structure and insulation system.
• Plan for thermal expansion by following recommended gap allowances during installation.

Selecting the right WPC wall cladding involves balancing aesthetics, performance, budget, and longevity. By carefully evaluating each of these factors, you can choose a product that not only enhances your building’s appearance but also withstands the test of time with minimal upkeep. When in doubt, consult with a building materials specialist or installer to ensure your selection meets both structural and design requirements.

WPC Wall Cladding: Frequently Asked Questions

Q1: Can WPC wall cladding be painted or laminated?

A1: Yes, WPC (Wood-Plastic Composite) wall cladding can be painted or laminated to customize its appearance or enhance durability. However, standard paints may not adhere well due to the composite’s low porosity and plastic content. It is highly recommended to use specialized primers and paints specifically formulated for WPC materials to ensure strong adhesion, long-term performance, and resistance to peeling or cracking.

Laminating is another excellent option, especially for commercial or high-visibility applications, where aesthetic versatility is key. Decorative laminates or protective films can be applied to achieve different textures, colors, or finishes—such as wood grain, matte, or metallic effects.

Pro Tips:

• Always clean and lightly sand the surface before painting to improve adhesion.
• Use UV-resistant paint to prevent fading in sun-exposed areas.
• Check manufacturer recommendations—some WPC products may void warranties if modified improperly.

Q2: How does WPC wall cladding perform in extreme weather conditions?

A2: WPC wall cladding is engineered for exceptional performance in a wide range of extreme weather conditions, making it ideal for both hot and cold climates. It is designed with advanced UV stabilizers and thermal modifiers that help resist:

• UV Exposure: Resists fading, discoloration, and degradation from prolonged sunlight.
• Temperature Swings: Maintains structural integrity in temperatures ranging from -40°C to +60°C (-40°F to 140°F), depending on the formulation.
• Moisture & Humidity: Highly water-resistant and does not rot, swell, or warp when exposed to rain or high humidity.
• Snow & Ice: Does not absorb water, reducing the risk of freeze-thaw damage.

This resilience makes WPC cladding a popular choice for mountainous, desert, and temperate regions alike. High-quality products often come with warranties of 10–25 years against weather-related degradation.

Q3: Is WPC wall cladding easy to install?

A3: Yes, WPC wall cladding is widely regarded as user-friendly and straightforward to install, even for DIY enthusiasts. Its lightweight nature (typically 30–50% lighter than solid wood or concrete panels) reduces handling difficulty and structural load.

Common installation methods include:

• Screwing: Panels are secured directly to a timber or metal subframe using corrosion-resistant screws.
• Nailing: Compatible with pneumatic nail guns for faster installation on large surfaces.
• Click/Clip Systems: Many modern WPC cladding profiles feature interlocking edges or hidden clip mechanisms that allow for quick, tool-assisted assembly with minimal visible fasteners.

No special tools are required—standard woodworking tools like saws, drills, and measuring tapes are sufficient. Additionally, WPC can be cut, routed, or shaped on-site with ease. Pre-drilling is recommended when fastening near edges to prevent splitting.

Q4: What are the maintenance requirements for WPC wall cladding?

A4: One of the biggest advantages of WPC wall cladding is its exceptionally low maintenance. Unlike natural wood, it does not require regular sealing, staining, or painting to preserve its appearance or performance.

Routine care includes:

• Regular Cleaning: Wash the surface every 6–12 months with a soft cloth, sponge, or low-pressure hose.
• Cleaning Solution: Use mild detergent mixed with water. Avoid harsh chemicals, abrasive cleaners, or bleach, which can damage the surface.
• Stain Removal: For tougher stains (e.g., algae, mold, or dirt buildup), a solution of water and vinegar or a manufacturer-approved cleaner can be used.
• Inspection: Periodically check for debris accumulation or damage, especially in corners or joints.

With proper installation and minimal upkeep, WPC cladding can retain its color and structural quality for decades, significantly reducing long-term ownership costs.

Q5: Is WPC wall cladding suitable for coastal areas?

A5: Yes, WPC wall cladding is an excellent choice for coastal environments, where exposure to salt spray, high humidity, and intense UV radiation can quickly degrade traditional building materials.

Key benefits in coastal applications include:

• Saltwater Resistance: WPC does not corrode or rust like metal, nor does it absorb moisture like untreated wood, making it immune to salt-induced deterioration.
• Anti-Fungal & Anti-Rot Properties: Resists mold, mildew, and fungal growth common in humid seaside climates.
• Durability: High-density formulations are engineered to withstand constant wind-driven rain and airborne salt particles.
• Color Stability: UV-protected finishes help maintain consistent appearance despite intense coastal sunlight.

For optimal performance, choose WPC cladding specifically rated for marine or high-exposure environments. Look for products with enhanced cap layers or co-extruded protective surfaces, which provide an extra barrier against environmental stressors.

With proper installation and ventilation behind the panels, WPC cladding offers a long-lasting, beautiful, and sustainable exterior solution for beachfront homes, resorts, and seaside commercial buildings.