Material Composition | Electronics needing thermal stability | Industry: FR-4 epoxy (ISO 178 flexural strength: 100 MPa) Base: FR-4 with UL 94V-0 (Tg 140°C)▲ Advanced: FR-4 with Tg 170°C▲▲ (withstands 85°C ambient)
| Base: Meets safety standards; Advanced: Higher temp tolerance for industrial use | Advanced materials cost 20% more and may require specialized fabrication |
Compliance Certifications | EU market entry, global compliance | Industry: CE certification Base: EPR France/Germany + UL▲ (meets EU waste laws) Advanced: RoHS/REACH + UL▲▲ (full environmental compliance)
| Base: Access to EU markets; Advanced: Avoids import bans | Advanced adds 15% cost and 2 weeks to production timeline |
Layer Count & Complexity | Networking devices, high-speed systems | Industry: Single layer (2 oz copper) Base: Double layer (3 oz)▲ (handles PoE power) Advanced: 4-layer (4 oz)▲▲ (supports IEEE 802.3 data)
| Base: Ideal for PoE; Advanced: For high-density circuits | 4-layer increases cost by 30% and requires more design time |
Flame Resistance | Safety-critical electronics | Industry: UL 94 HB (minimal resistance) Base: UL 94V-2▲ (slows flame spread) Advanced: UL 94V-0▲▲ (self-extinguishing)
| Advanced used in safety-critical devices | V-0 materials add 25% weight and cost |
Signal Integrity | High-speed data applications | Industry: No controlled impedance Base: ±15% impedance tolerance▲ Advanced: ±5%▲▲ (meets IEEE 802.3 for PoE)
| Advanced reduces signal loss in high-speed apps | Tighter tolerances require precision manufacturing (ISO 17353 compliance) |
Manufacturing Customization | Niche or specialized applications | Industry: Standard PCBs Base: Through-hole/SMT options▲ Advanced: Full customization▲▲ (via size, layer stack)
| Advanced allows tailored solutions for unique needs | Custom designs may delay production and increase costs |