| Brushless DC Motor (Our Base) | Urban EV conversions, compact vehicles | - Brushless Commutation (IEC 60034-30 compliant) - Efficiency: IE3 (▲ vs Industry Standard IE2) - Speed: 5000 RPM (ISO 2371) - Torque: 120 Nm (ASTM F566) | High efficiency, low maintenance, compact design. Quieter operation (43 dBA ▲ vs Industry 48 dBA). | Higher upfront cost. Sensitive to high-temperature environments. |
| AC Induction Motor | Heavy-duty EVs, commercial vehicles | - Robust design (IP55 rating) - Efficiency: IE2 (Industry Standard) - Speed: 3000 RPM (ISO 2371) - Torque: 200 Nm (ASTM F566) | Low maintenance, durable, cost-effective. Wide operating temperature range. | Lower energy efficiency. Larger size and weight. |
| Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) | High-performance EVs, racing vehicles | - Rare-earth magnets (ISO 14971) - Efficiency: IE3 (▲ vs AC Induction) - Speed: 4500 RPM (ISO 2371) - Torque: 180 Nm (ASTM F566) | High power density, instant torque response. Lightweight (▲ vs AC Induction). | Expensive rare-earth magnets. Risk of demagnetization under extreme heat. |
| Switched Reluctance Motor | Industrial EVs, rugged terrain vehicles | - Brushless, no magnets (IEC 60034-30) - Efficiency: IE2 (Industry Standard) - Speed: 2500 RPM (ISO 2371) - Torque: 250 Nm (ASTM F566) | Extremely durable, tolerant to dust/water (IP67). No rare materials. | Higher noise levels (55 dBA ▲▲ vs Brushless DC). Complex control systems. |
| Series DC Motor | Vintage EV retrofits, low-budget projects | - Brushed commutation (IEC 60034-30) - Efficiency: IE1 (Industry Standard) - Speed: 3500 RPM (ISO 2371) - Torque: 90 Nm (ASTM F566) | Simple design, easy to repair. Lower upfront cost. | High maintenance (brush replacement every 500 hours). Lower efficiency (▲▲▲ deficit vs Brushless DC). |
| Hub Motor (Our Advanced) | Scooters, lightweight EVs | - Integrated wheel design (ISO 22844) - Efficiency: IE4 (▲▲ vs Industry IE2) - Speed: 6000 RPM (ISO 2371) - Torque: 80 Nm (ASTM F566) | Space-saving, no transmission needed. Ultra-efficient (▲▲▲ vs Industry). | Limited power capacity. Higher cost due to advanced integration. |