Material Composition | Industrial plumbing, chemical plants | Industry: PVC (ISO 1043) | Base: HDPE (ISO 1043) ▲ (20% lighter than PVC) | Advanced: Reinforced HDPE (ISO 1043 + ASTM D3350) ▲▲ (40% stronger than Base) |
| | (PVC standard for cost-sensitive projects) | (Lightweight reduces installation effort) | (Advanced version requires specialized handling) |
Connection Method | High-pressure gas lines | Industry: Threaded (ISO 7/1) | Base: Electrofusion Welding (ISO 12171) ▲ (30% faster install) | Advanced: Dual Electrofusion with Smart Sensor (ISO 12171 + IEC 60702) ▲▲ (50% leak-proof guarantee) |
| | (Threaded connections common in legacy systems) | (No manual assembly needed) | (Requires specialized equipment) |
Pressure Rating | Gas distribution systems | Industry: PN10 (EN 1092-1) | Base: PN16 (EN 1092-1) ▲ (60% higher capacity) | Advanced: PN25 (EN 1092-1 + ISO 14692) ▲▲ (150% higher than Industry) |
| | (PN10 standard for residential use) | (Handles industrial-grade pressures) | (Bulkier and heavier than Base) |
Fluid Compatibility | Multi-fluid industrial plants | Industry: Water (ISO 9001) | Base: Gas + Water (ISO 9001 + ISO 14692) ▲ (Dual-use) | Advanced: Gas/Oil/Water (ISO 9001 + API 6A) ▲▲ (Triple fluid support) |
| | (Limited to water in basic systems) | (Reduces need for multiple fittings) | (Higher material costs) |
Manufacturing Process | Precision-fit applications | Industry: Extrusion Molding (ASTM D2122) | Base: Precision Injection Molding (ASTM D2122 + ISO 9001) ▲ (25% tighter tolerances) | Advanced: 3D Molded Reinforcement (ASTM D2122 + ISO 529) ▲▲ (50% stress resistance) |
| | (Extrusion common for mass production) | (No seams for leak-free joints) | (Longer production cycles) |
Flow Efficiency Design | High-flow HVAC systems | Industry: Straight Bore (ISO 529) | Base: Curved Bore (ISO 529 + EN 1226) ▲ (15% lower pressure drop) | Advanced: Aerodynamic Bore (ISO 529 + ASME B16.9) ▲▲ (30% smoother flow) |
| | (Straight bores standard in low-pressure systems) | (Reduces energy costs) | (Complex design increases cost) |