FRP Pipes | Construction, chemical processing, water/wastewater systems | - Material: Fiberglass-reinforced plastic (ASTM D755) - Corrosion resistance: Withstands 50+ chemicals (ASTM D543) ▲▲ - Thickness: 3–12 mm (ISO 3801) ▲ (customizable) - Smooth surface (ISO 25178) | - Lightweight and durable - Customizable for load/chemical resistance ▲ - Resists corrosion ▲▲ vs steel | - Higher upfront cost - Requires UV coating for outdoor use - Limited pressure capacity (≤160 psi) |
PVC Pipes | Plumbing, irrigation, non-corrosive environments | - Material: Polyvinyl chloride (ASTM D2241) - Pressure rating: Up to 160 psi (ASTM D2241) - Smooth interior (ISO 25178) | - Cost-effective - Easy installation - Lightweight (0.5 lb/ft) | - Susceptible to chemicals (e.g., solvents) - Lower temperature tolerance (-20°C to 60°C) - UV degradation over time |
Steel Pipes | High-pressure systems, gas/oil transport | - Material: Carbon steel (ASTM A53) - Yield strength: 50 ksi (ASTM A53) - Requires coating for corrosion protection | - High pressure/temperature tolerance (up to 2000 psi) - Structural strength ▲▲ | - Prone to corrosion without coating - Heavy (10–20 lb/ft) - High maintenance costs |
HDPE Pipes | Water distribution, gas, drainage systems | - Material: High-density polyethylene (ASTM D3350) - Flexural modulus: 200,000 psi (ASTM D790) - UV-resistant (ASTM D4483) | - Flexible and durable ▲ - Resists corrosion ▲ - Lightweight (0.3 lb/ft) | - Lower pressure capacity (≤120 psi) - May degrade with prolonged chemical exposure - Brittle at extreme cold |
Concrete Pipes | Sewage, drainage, heavy infrastructure | - Material: Reinforced concrete (ASTM C494) - Load-bearing capacity: 20 tons/ft² (ASTM C494) - Smooth interior (ASTM C494) | - Durable and long-lasting ▲▲ - Cost-effective for large projects - High load-bearing capacity | - Heavy (50–100 lb/ft) - Prone to cracking under stress - Requires joint sealing |
Aluminum Pipes | Electrical systems, cryogenic applications | - Material: Aluminum alloy (ASTM B209) - Electrical conductivity: 61% IACS (ASTM B209) - Corrosion-resistant (ASTM B209) | - Lightweight (0.2 lb/ft) - Excellent thermal conductivity ▲ - Corrosion-resistant ▲ | - Lower mechanical strength vs steel - Higher cost - Limited to specific applications (e.g., low-pressure systems) |