Auto sectionalizing switch

Types of Auto Sectionalizing Switch

An auto sectionalizing switch is a smart electric switch device that automatically opens and closes under predetermined conditions to control the flow of electric current in a power distribution network. The goal is to reduce power outages and improve network performance. The device is installed on power lines and is connected to a communication network with the power control center. It transmits information about its state and operating parameters and receives control commands from the control center. Depending on the application and installation location, different types of sectionalizing switches are available, such as:

• By voltage level

  High Voltage Sectionalizing Switch: These switches are used in distribution networks where electrical power is transported over long distances. They allow the control and management of high-voltage lines (up to 765 kV) and contribute to the reliability and flexibility of the network.

  Medium-Voltage Sectionalizing Switch: These are installed in distribution networks where electrical power is transported to the final consumers. They enable the control and management of medium-voltage lines (up to 34.5 kV) and enhance the functionality and security of the network.

  Low-Voltage Sectionalizing Switch: These switches are used in distribution networks where electrical power is delivered to end consumers. They allow the control and management of low-voltage lines (up to 1 kV) and ensure the reliability and security of the power supply.

• By operation type

  Manual Sectionalizing Switch: These have to be operated manually by authorized personnel using special tools. They offer a high level of security but are not suitable for automatic control.

  Automatic Sectionalizing Switch: These switches can be opened and closed automatically based on pre-defined criteria (e.g, current, voltage, frequency). They enable real-time control and monitoring of the power distribution network, improving its reliability and efficiency.

• By functionality

  Load-Break Sectionalizing Switch: These can interrupt load currents without causing significant damage to the switch. They are used to disconnect faulty sections from the network without turning off the entire system.

  Fault-Current-Interrupter Sectionalizing Switch: These switch off fault currents and protect the power network from short-circuit currents. They are used to improve the safety and reliability of the power distribution network.

Specifications and Maintenance of Auto Sectionalizing Switch

Auto sectionalizing switch has different specifications that serve various functions. The specifications are as follows.

• Voltage rating: The voltage rating of an auto sectionalizing switch is the same as that of the electric system it is connected to. It allows the switch to operate safely and effectively. The voltage rating of an auto sectionalizing switch can range from 5 kV to 38 kV or more.
• Current rating: The current rating of an auto sectionalizing switch is the maximum current it can carry without overheating or damaging. The current rating of an auto sectionalizing switch is determined by the maximum load current or the fault current it can withstand. The current rating of an auto sectionalizing switch ranges from 600 A to 4000 A or more.
• Insulation level: This is the ability of an auto sectionalizing switch to withstand electrical stress and prevent breakdown. It is measured in kV and consists of the following: power frequency withstand voltage, impulse voltage, and pollution level. The insulation level of an auto sectionalizing switch can range from 28 kV to 76 kV or more.
• Mechanical properties: This includes the ability of the auto sectionalizing switch to withstand mechanical stress and impact. It consists of the following: tensile strength, flexibility, hardness, and impact resistance. The mechanical properties of an auto sectionalizing switch are determined by its materials and design.

Maintaining an auto sectionalizing switch is very important. Proper maintenance helps to enhance the reliability and performance of the switch. The following are the maintenance procedures.

• Inspection: Regular inspection of the auto sectionalizing switch should be carried out at least once a month. This helps to identify any visible damage, wear, or corrosion in the components of the switch.
• Cleaning: The auto sectionalizing switch should be cleaned regularly to prevent the accumulation of dust, dirt, and moisture. This can be done by using a dry cloth or compressed air.
• Lubrication: The moving parts of the auto sectionalizing switch should be lubricated regularly to prevent friction and wear. This can be done by using the recommended lubricant by the manufacturer.
• Functional testing: The control and monitoring systems of the auto sectionalizing switch should be tested regularly to ensure that it is functioning properly. This can be done by conducting a functional test according to the operation manual.
• Replacement: Worn-out or damaged components of the auto sectionalizing switch should be replaced immediately to prevent malfunction or failure. Only original spare parts that are recommended by the manufacturer should be used.

How to Choose an Auto Sectionalizing Switch

Choosing the right auto-sectionizing switch for a project requires a careful assessment of several factors. Here are some of them:

• Voltage rating: The voltage rating of an auto sectionalizing switch should match the specific voltage levels of the power distribution network where it will be installed. This ensures safe and effective operation without the risk of insulation failure or equipment damage.
• Current rating: Choose a switch with a current rating that can handle the maximum load current of the distribution network. This prevents overheating and ensures reliable performance under normal operating conditions.
• Switch configuration: Consider the required switch configuration for the specific application. Auto sectionalizing switches are available in various arrangements, such as three-phase, single-phase, or dual-section. Select the configuration that best suits the network's topology and sectionalizing requirements.
• Control and communication: Determine the level of control and communication functionality required for the auto sectionalizing switch. Some switches have integrated control systems that allow remote monitoring and operation, while others may have basic control interfaces. Consider whether advanced control and communication capabilities are necessary for the specific network management requirements.
• Environmental considerations: Take into account the environmental conditions where the auto-sectionalizing switch will be installed. Consider factors such as temperature, humidity, pollution levels, and exposure to harsh weather conditions. Select a switch with appropriate enclosures and protection features to withstand the environmental challenges of the installation location.
• Reliability and maintenance: Evaluate the reliability and maintenance requirements of the chosen auto-sectionalizing switch. Look for switches designed for minimal maintenance and high reliability to reduce downtime and maintenance costs. Consider factors such as component durability, lubrication requirements, and accessibility for maintenance activities.
• Integration with existing systems: If there are already existing control and monitoring systems in place, ensure that the chosen auto-sectionalizing switch can seamlessly integrate with them. Consider compatibility with communication protocols and interfaces to enable smooth interaction and coordination with the existing infrastructure.

How to DIY and replace auto sectionalizing switches

Replacing an auto sectionalizing switch is not an easy task. The process requires an electrician with the right skills and experience to handle high voltage electricity. The first step before installing a new auto sectionalizing switch is to plan the installation. Create a plan that includes the installation date and time. The plan should also have a power outage schedule and how to inform the sectionalizing switch customers about the power outage.

Prepare the site and ensure the environment is clean before installing the switch. The installation crew should have all the necessary tools for the job. Wear all the required safety gear before starting the job. After achieving all the preparations, the next step is to remove the old switch. Disconnect all the incoming and outgoing cables from the old switch. Make sure the cables are labeled so that it is easy to connect them to the new switch.

After removing the old auto sectionalizing switch, install the new one. Connect all the incoming and outgoing cables and ensure all the connections are tight and secure to prevent accidents. Once the electrician is done with the installation, they should perform some tests to ensure the switch is working properly. After the tests, the team should clean the area and remove any installation debris. Communicate with the relevant authorities about the completion of the project.

Q and A

Q1: Where is the auto sectionalizing switch used?

A1: As the name suggests, an auto sectionalizing switch is an automatic switch used for switching power lines. It is mainly used in distribution networks, especially in power systems.

Q2: What is the function of an auto sectionalizing switch?

A2: The main function of an auto sectionalizing switch is to reduce the number of outages and disturbances in power line distribution. It does this by continuously monitoring current flow in the power line networks.

Q3: How does an auto sectionalizing switch work?

A3: The auto sectionalizing switch works by detecting any faults in the power line network. Once it detects a fault, it automatically switches on and isolates the affected section. This action helps to maintain power supply in the other healthy sections of the network.