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As a regulator of voltage and an integral component of gensets, the AVR MX341 supports generators in attaining the voltage needed to effectively produce electricity. It automatically adjusts engine power by controlling the excitation current. Listed are the parts of the AVR:
Stator: This part generates the rotating magnetic field needed for the system. It is embedded with conductive windings from which electrical current is emitted.
Field Winding: This part generates the magnetic field through the use of DC supplied by the rotating rectifier module. It plays a pivotal role in setting the magnetic field.
Rotating Rectifier Diodes: These function as the AC current is produced through the rotation of the armature, which will eventually be converted into DC by the rectifier diodes.
Armature: It comprises conductive windings within the stator subjected to the magnetic field. Also called the rotor, this rotating part is responsible for generating AC when draped over the magnetic field.
Excitation System: This system's primary function is to maintain voltage regulation by varying its output based on the generator's output voltage.
Auto Voltage Regulators, or AVR generator sets, are essential for any home and industrial generator's electrical stability and efficiency. Some of their significant functions include:
Voltage Regulation: The primary purpose of an AVR is to regulate voltage. It does this by constantly monitoring the generator's output voltage and automatically adjusting the exciter field to keep the voltage within a specific range.
Improving Load Capacity: When voltage fluctuates, it can lead to an overload or underload situation. Thus, stabilizing voltage will allow the generator to better handle variable loads without suffering from electrical imbalance.
Extending Generator Life: Repeated voltage fluctuation can significantly wear components, leading to generator failure. An AVR ensures consistent voltage emission, thereby preventing generator damage due to overload.
Equipment Protection: Many electrical appliances, such as motors and computers, are designed to operate optimally at a specific voltage range. High or low voltage can damage these devices. Stabilizing voltage protects sensitive equipment from electrical damage.
Improving Power Quality: AVR helps decrease voltage variation, making generator output smoother. This leads to better power quality as it reduces flickers and interruptions.
It is important to note that there are different AVRs, such as the MX321, designed for different electrical source types. These include:
Permanent Magnet Excited System
The MX321 is designed for generators equipped with a PMG (Permanent Magnet Generator) on their rotor. The primary function of the PMG is to produce a steady DC voltage used as a reference for the voltage regulator. This will enable the generator to produce stable voltage even when the drive frequency fluctuates. Thus, the system provides better voltage regulation – up to 1% – compared to standard generator configuration, even at varying loads.
Self-Excited System
Common on smaller generator sets, this system utilizes one of the generator's output phases to power its field winding. The MX321 connects to the generator output terminal to draw the voltage needed for excitation. It then feeds a fraction of the voltage back to the excitation winding through the use of an automatic Voltage Stabilizer.
Note: PMG equipped generators do not allow the rectifier diodes to be connected directly to the output terminal of the alternator winding. Doing this will cause serious damage to the regulator by excessive heat. The connection must be on either terminal 2 or 3.
Maintenance tips
Repair tips
While performing repairs, note that there are different designs of AVR and each generator has its own distinct regulator. Thus, replacing an AVR with the same model number will only guarantee effective performance.
Try not to attempt repairing burnt diodes by soldering them again. This only works when mains diodes are soldered to the heat sink. The sweet point is when a broken diode is reconnected. However, it is best to replace faulty diodes altogether.
A1. Yes. The MX341 has an internal potentiometer that allows the voltage output to be adjusted. That said, it is recommended not to adjust the potentiometer without following the right procedures. Doing this will inadvertently void the warranty.
A2. The autemotive Voltage Stabilizer's external housing is normally crafted with plastic or aluminum. Meanwhile, the internal components – like diodes, coils, and capacitors – are usually made with a combination of metal alloys, silicon, and other conductive materials.
A3. Replacing brushes on a generator set is not a good idea for novices. As previously stated, the MX341 regulates voltage through the exciter's field winding. This winding is powered by direct current transmitted from the regulator through the brushes and slip rings onto the armature.
A4. When electrical items, including AVR generator regulators, become irreparable, do not dispose of them haphazardly. Instead, try to recycle the materials. Plastic parts can be used for craft projects or contributed to a plastic product manufacturer. Metal components, on the other hand, can be melted down and used for new metal products.
