Types of Computer Diagnostic Tools

Car computer diagnostic tools are devices that interface with a car's computer system to retrieve, display, and analyze diagnostic information. Below are some common types:

Onboard Diagnostics II (OBD-II) Scanners: These handheld devices are connected to the OBD-II port in a car to read and clear diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs). Basic OBD-II scanners can only read and clear codes, while advanced ones offer live data streaming, freeze frame data, and ready tests for enhanced diagnostics. They are popular because of their low cost and ease of use. Technicians use them to get quick insights into a vehicle's health.
Professional Automotive Scan Tools: They are more advanced than OBD-II scanners. They provide in-depth diagnostics across all car systems, including ABS, SRS, TPMS, and more. Typically, they have larger screens, more computing power, and can access live data, run actuator tests, perform programming functions, and more. They are used by professional mechanics for detailed diagnostics and troubleshooting.
Multimeters: They measure voltage, current, and resistance in electrical circuits. They are used to diagnose electrical issues by checking component values against specs. For example, a technician can use a multimeter to test a spark plug's ignition coil resistance and compare the reading with the manufacturer's specified normal range. If the value differs, it indicates a problem with that coil.
Oscilloscopes: They graph voltage signals over time. They are useful for analyzing complex waveforms, like those from sensors or ignition systems. An oscilliscope can show if a sensor provides a steady signal per its specification or if an ignition coil produces inconsistent spark waves.
Scan Tool Accessories: These include code reference books, data stream manuals, and vehicle-specific diagnostic guides. They help interpret scan tool data and provide diagnostic procedures tailored to specific vehicles. For example, a guide might detail how to test a particular component when a scan tool indicates a related DTC.
Dealer-Level Diagnostic Tools: These are high-end tools that provide full access to all diagnostic and programming functions of a vehicle, equivalent to what dealerships use. They can perform key programming, module coding, and other advanced tasks. Each carmaker has proprietary software, and these tools connect to the manufacturer's servers for online diagnostics and updates. They are critical for module replacements and other complex repairs.

Specifications and Maintenance of Computer Diagnostic Tools

The specifications of computer diagnostic tools are essential because they affect their performance and the ability to troubleshoot various car issues. Here are some specifications:

Software Version and Update

Diagnostic tools with the most recent software versions enable access to the latest features and fixes. Regularly updating the software is equally important for maintaining compatibility and performance.
Communication Protocols

Many modern vehicles use more than one communication protocol. Therefore, the diagnostic tool should have multiple communication protocols to ensure compatibility across different car models.
Data Stream and Live Data

The tool should support live data streaming, enabling real-time monitoring of sensor data and vehicle performance. This feature helps technicians analyze data while observing the vehicle's operation.
DTCs and DTC Description

Another feature is the ability to read and erase diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) from the tool's memory. Additionally, it should provide DTC descriptions and possible solutions to assist technicians in troubleshooting.
Multilingual Support

Some advanced diagnostic tools offer multilingual support, making it easier for technicians to communicate with the tool in their preferred language. This feature is beneficial in diverse working environments.
Battery and Power Supply

Many diagnostic tools, especially handheld ones, come with built-in batteries. Thus, they have a rechargeable battery with a long life for extended use. Additionally, some tools can be powered through the vehicle's OBD port or a standard power adapter.
Vehicle Coverage

Different diagnostic tools offer varying levels of vehicle coverage. Some are designed for specific car brands, while others are compatible with a wide range of vehicles from various manufacturers.

Maintaining diagnostic tools is essential for their longevity and reliability. Below are some simple tips for maintaining diagnostic tools:

1. Follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines for maintenance and care.
2. Use a soft, lint-free cloth to clean the diagnostic tool's exterior and screen regularly. Avoid using harsh chemicals that could damage the device.
3. Keep the tool's connectors and ports clean and free from dust or debris. Use compressed air or a soft brush to remove any buildup.
4. Ensure the tool's software is up to date by regularly checking for updates from the manufacturer.
5. Store the diagnostic tool in a protective case or pouch when not in use to prevent physical damage.
6. Handle the tool with care and avoid dropping or subjecting it to extreme temperatures or moisture.
7. Perform periodic checks on cables and connectors for signs of wear or damage and replace them as necessary.

How to choose car computer diagnostic tools

There are several factors to consider when choosing a computer diagnostic tool, including:

Vehicle Coverage

The first and most important aspect to consider is the type of vehicles the diagnostic tool will be used on. Different tools have other coverage ranges, so selecting one that matches the intended vehicle fleet is essential. For example, an all-brand OBD2 scanner can be used on cars from almost all makes and models as far back as 1996. In contrast, a manufacturer-specific tool like Ford's IDS is only compatible with Ford vehicles.
Functionality

Another essential aspect to consider when choosing a diagnostic tool is its functionalities. Car diagnostic tools have different levels of functionalities, ranging from basic to advanced. Users should select a tool that offers the required functionality level. For instance, a DIYer will find an OBD2 scanner with basic functionalities sufficient. Professional mechanics require more advanced features, such as modules communication and live data.
Budget

Car diagnostic tools come in different price ranges. Users should consider their budget before purchasing. It's worth mentioning that the price of a diagnostic tool is often an indicator of its quality and features. More expensive tools have advanced features and can perform more functions than their cheaper counterparts.
Ease of Use

When choosing a computer diagnostic tool, it's essential to consider its ease of use. Some tools come with a large, color display that shows live data and freeze frame data, making them easy to use. Others have a small, simple LCD that may be difficult to read in low light. Additionally, some diagnostic tools have a user-friendly interface, while others have a complex interface. Users should select tools with easy-to-read displays and a user-friendly interface.
Update and Support

It's essential to consider update and support when choosing a diagnostic tool. Some tools come with a limited period of manufacturer support and updates, while others offer a lifetime period of updates and support. Additionally, some manufacturers provide online support, making it easy for users to get help when needed.
Portability

Portability is another important aspect to consider when choosing a computer diagnostic tool. Some tools are small and handheld, making them easy to carry around and use in tight engine bay spaces. Others are large and bulky, making them difficult to transport and use in tight spaces. Additionally, some diagnostic tools come with a carrying case, protecting them from damage when transporting.

How to DIY and replace computer diagnostic tools

Most car owners leave their car repairs to professionals because they think the tools used are complicated. However, with a simple guide, anyone can use a car diagnostic tool to check the health of a vehicle.

Below is a step-by-step guide on how to use a vehicle computer system to perform diagnostics.

Plug the diagnostic tool in

The first step is to connect the tool to the vehicle's computer. The tool should be plugged into the car's diagnostic port, usually under the steering wheel. After that, turn on the tool and follow the on-screen instructions to connect it to the car's computer. This is done by pressing the power button on the diagnostic tool, which starts it up and connects it to the vehicle.
Run the diagnostic scan

After establishing a connection between the diagnostic tool and the vehicle's computer, the next step is to initiate a diagnostic scan. This process involves accessing the tool's on-screen menu and selecting the option for a diagnostic scan. By doing this, the tool communicates with the vehicle's computer and retrieves important information regarding the health of various systems and components within the car. This information serves as a diagnostic report, providing insights into the state of the vehicle and potentially highlighting any existing or potential issues that may require attention.
Read and understand the results

After the diagnostic scan is complete, the tool will display a list of any trouble codes or issues it found. This is the point where car owners or mechanics will have to interpret the results. Usually, the tool's manual has a guide on what the different codes mean. Some codes indicate minor issues, while others could be major and require immediate attention. The mechanic or car owner will have to decide on the next course of action depending on the severity of the issue.

Q and A

Q: Are there any other benefits of having a car diagnostic tool?

A: Yes. Having a car diagnostic tool helps one to understand their car better. It enables the car owner to track the health of their vehicle. With regular checks, the car owner can monitor changes in the health of different parts of the car. It also saves time because the car owner is able to run the tests themselves without having to go to the mechanic.

Q: Can anyone use a car diagnostic tool?

A: Yes. A car diagnostic tool is designed for anyone to use. The user interface is simple and it is designed for a layman to use. Besides, the tool comes with a manual with detailed instructions on how to use it. The instructions are easy to follow.

Q: What is the work of a car diagnostic tool?

A: A car diagnostic tool is used to find out the health of a car. It tells the car owner if there is any problem or potential problem with the different parts of the car.