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There are numerous cutting tools meant for dental handpieces. Each of these is designed for special jobs. The following is a list of common dental carbide burs and their typical applications:
Fissured Burs
These are ideal for making initial and secondary fissures in dental structures owing to their wide cutting edges. They come in several diameter sizes, which is an added advantage as they help them create deeper grooves.
Cylindrical Burs
Cylindrical fissured dental burs are used to make parallel preparations in teeth. They are considered standard cutting tools for fixed prostheses like crowns and bridges. Users think they are essential for any dental practice.
Inverted Cone Burs
As their name suggests, these burs are used to create fillings. An HS cutting bur with a typical cone shape is used to cut out decayed areas and remove dentin. This is because the cone-shaped side allows it to be cut into enamel to make retentive grooves for amalgam or composite filling.
Flame-Shaped Burs
This is another specialized bur used primarily in smoothing and finishing. A flame-shaped bur is generally used in metal-ceramic crown margin finishing. It is also used to smooth composite resin restoration surfaces. This minimizes enamel alteration.
Round Burs
These are considered a must-have for all dental equipment. They are multifunctional tools mostly used in cavity preparations. They help in making smooth and precise cuts. They are also useful when revamping existing fillings by removing old material before adding new one.
Carbide Composition
Dental HP burs are made of carbide steel. Carbide is very tough. It maintains a sharp edge even after extended use. This makes it well-suited for its role in precision dental cutting. Carbide burs are not only durable, but they are also popular because of the fine smoothness they provide in cutting.
Micro-Grain Cutting Edges
The burs come with micro-grain cutting edges. These precise edges allow for accurate cuts and less power consumption.
Chromium Coating
Common features of tungsten carbide burs are chromium coatings. In most cases, bur-a-chromium is called chromium or gold-coated carbide burs. Chromium adds to the durability and provides excellent resistance to rust and corrosion. This ensures that dental burs are hygienic and safe for use.
Finishing and Polishing Capability
Dental HP burs like the long shank tungsten carbide burs are multifunctional. They can be used for cutting, finishing, and polishing. They typically have specialized shapes and grits. This makes them well-suited for smoothening restoration surfaces, crowns, and bridges.
Noise-Free Operation
Dental burs can cut through metals and ceramics. Yet, they do not generate much noise. This allows a more comfortable experience for patients who may be bothered by noise.
Bur Material
English speaking countries call a bur bit, which is often made of tungsten carbide or steel. Steel burs are handy when cutting tasks are small. Tungsten carbide burs are best for tough materials because they last longer than steel burs. For polishing or finishing, users should prefer nickel-chromium burs. They provide a smoother surface.
Bur Shape
As noted above, there are several specialized shapes. The best shapes for cutting are tapered fissured and cylindrical burs. Inverted cones and round burs are better suited for cuts. Fissured and cylindrical burs, flame-shaped burs, and egg-shaped burs are the best for finishing and polishing purposes.
Shank Size and Type
To get the best results, select a bur with the correct size and type of shank. The two main shank types are cylindrical and conical. They differ in diameter. It is vital to ensure the bur shank fits perfectly in the handpiece.
Grit Size
Finishing and polishing burs have varying grit sizes. The higher the number, the finer the grit. Conversely, lower numbers mean a coarser surface. For smooth finishes, select a grit with a high number.
Bur Tip Diameter
Using dental burs with identical tip diameters is important when creating uniform cuts. This is especially the case for fissured and cylindrical burs. This also helps prevent undue wear on the handpiece used to connect the bur.
Dental cutting HP burs should always and only be used with a compatible dental handpiece. This is such that the handpiece chuck should tightly grasp the shank of the bur. Local dentists will first attach the bur to the handpiece. This is before clicking the handpiece into the motor. They will then run the handpiece briefly to ensure there is no wobbling and that the bur is securely attached.
Setting RPM
The handpiece will then be set to the proper RPM. The ideal RPMs depend on the type of bur used and the procedure. For example, carbide burs used for cutting should be set between 6,000 to 10,000. While polishing burs, it should be between 30,000 to 100,000. Local dentists will often refer to the RPM chart on the bur packaging for guidelines.
Water Spray
Water spray was added to the HP burs. Water cooling is crucial when using cutting burs because it helps prevent overheating. They will ensure there is an adequate handpiece water spray. They will do this just by pressing the water spray control on the handpiece grip. They will then check the water spray pattern on a towel before using it on a patient.
Cutting Process
After doing all that, local dentists are ready to begin cutting. They will hold the handpiece like a pen. Point the burs to the area that needs to be cut. At this time, they will slowly trigger the handpiece to begin spinning. The water spray and bur rotation will contact the tooth. They will then gently move the bur into the area while applying light pressure until the cutting task is done.
Post-Cutting Care
Once the cutting task is done, the dentist will stop the handpiece. The handpiece will then be placed in a labeled container to hold the burs. To finish the task, the container will be properly sealed. Additionally, the handpiece will be cleaned with a damp cloth. The water spray valve will also be activated to flush any debris that may be stuck inside.
A1. The strength and efficiency of dental burs differ significantly from one bur to another depending on various factors. These include material, shape, and grit size. Tungsten carbide burs are the strongest, making them ideal for precisely cutting tough dental materials like amalgam, gold, and ceramics. This ability makes them durable for long periods.
A2. Although dental HP burs are tough and long-lasting, they will eventually wear out and need to be replaced. Fissured and cylindrical burs used for cutting should be replaced after 6 to 8 weeks. Finishing and polishing burs should be replaced once every 2 to 4 weeks.
A3. Several factors will influence the choice of HP dental burs. These include the material in question, the form of the bur, and the type of dental service to be conducted. Other factors include the shank size and type, and the dentist's personal preferences. They consider the effectiveness and comfort of the dental procedure.
A4. The first thing dentists should do before using HP burs is visually inspect them. They should ensure none has any chipping, bending, or breaks. They must also ensure the bur is clean. They should perform the required maintenance on the handpiece. Most importantly, they should only use compatible burs, such as a high-speed handpiece cutting tungsten burs.
A5. There are several indicators that dental professional burs are worn. If the bur no longer cuts efficiently, this is a clear sign that it is time for a replacement. Excess heat, near the operational area is another sign. Lastly, visible damage, such as chipping or bending, means the bur has to be replaced.
