Types of Double Column CNC Milling Machines

Double column CNC machines are big cutting instruments used mostly for making very heavy objects, like molds and parts for machines and tractors. They have two columns that provide support for them to have more excellent cutting capacity and accuracy.

A typical attribute to categorize double column CNC milling machines is their control system. Here are some standard types of double-column CNC machines based on their control systems.

Computer Numerical Control (CNC):

CNC double-column milling machines are gigantic machines with two supporting pillars. They are designed for heavy-duty work and operated by computers. The computer drives the machine, telling it precisely what to cut and where. This allows for more effortless and more accurate cutting of large and heavy pieces.
Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM):

A CAM machine is a type of CNC double-column milling machine. Like other CNC machines, it has two fixed vertical supports or columns. What makes it different is that it uses a Computer-Aided Manufacturing system for its control. This system can help speed up production by making the process more automated and efficient.
Direct Drive Motors:

Direct drive motor double column CNC milling machines are huge metal-cutting tools that have two tall support pieces called columns. They are controlled by motors that give movement directly to the cutting part. This means no extra things like belts or gears are used to translate the motor's spin to the machine's cutter. It's all direct and straightforward. The direct drive motors provide smooth, precise movements ideal for heavy-duty milling work.
Ethernet-Connected Machines:

A double-column CNC milling machine with Ethernet connection can link up and communicate over a network using Ethernet. This means it can be part of a more extensive system for managing and operating machines in manufacturing. Machines like this can have their work scheduled, monitored, and controlled all through the internet. This makes it easier to manage production and ensure double-column CNC milling machines are used efficiently. Connecting via Ethernet lets these machines be connected to modern industry more comfortably.

Specifications and maintenance of double column CNC milling machines

Double column machining centers have varying specifications based mainly on their respective models and manufacturers. The following specifications are worth noting, though.

Machining capacity: This capacity indicates the maximum workpiece size the CNC milling machines can handle. The parameter can be presented by dimensions such as length x width x height. Generally, machines possess the capacity for workpieces of 1,200 × 1,000 × 800mm (length x width x height) or even larger.
Spindle system: The double-column CNC milling machine can have an eccentric spindle or a straight spindle, as it is based on different processing needs. The spindle's speed can reach up to 12,000–24,000 RPM or higher, delivering the required rotating power. Furthermore, some machines with a double-column drive may feature a multi-functional spindle that integrates drilling, milling, and tapping functions.
Tool system: The tool system provides the machine with various tool types as well as the machining requirements. Many CNC double-column milling equipment possess an automatic tool change system. This enables one to achieve quick tool changes and a high degree of automation. The tool storage capacity can vary greatly, holding anywhere from 30 to 120 tools or even more.
Control system: This system is used to control the machine's processing functions. Generally, double-column CNC machines come equipped with an advanced numerical control system. This allows for 3D machining, as well as other complex machining modes, and it boasts high precision and great reliability. The control system also features an easy-to-use graphical user interface, offering simple and convenient operating methods.
Machine weight: A fixed double column CNC milling machine weighs around 1,500 kg (about 3,300 lbs), while a larger, more powerful one can weigh up to 25,000 kg (about 55,000 lbs).
Power: The power of a double column CNC milling machine is a significant factor in determining its machining capacity and efficiency. Machines in this category usually have powerful motors that provide enough power for machining operations. Their motor power can be in the range of 15-30 kw or more.

Maintenance tips for double-column CNC milling machines

Double column CNC milling machines require regular maintenance to keep them in good shape and operating optimally. Here are some tips for routine maintenance.

Lubrication: Proper lubrication is vital for keeping the machines operating smoothly and efficiently. Users should clearly know the lubrication points and oil types specified in the operation manual to ensure correct lubrication. Regularly lubricate all required parts, such as bearings, gears, and guides, to avoid excessive wear and tear and ensure smooth movement.
Dust and debris removal: Users can use compressed air or a vacuum cleaner to clean up dust and chips. Alternatively, they can use a brush to dust off the machine surface and the surrounding area. Remember to disconnect the power supply before cleaning, in order to ensure safety.
Regular inspection: Users should regularly check the important parts of the machine. These include the lubrication points, fastening elements, sealing parts, and others. This helps to discover any potential problems and eliminate them promptly. Also, users should pay attention to inspecting the wear and tear of parts, such as cutting tools, guide rails, bearings, and more. If there are signs of wear or damage, users need to repair or replace the parts as required, to maintain the machine's performance and precision.
Pay attention to temperature and humidity: To keep double column CNC milling machines in good working condition, users should strive to control the room temperature and humidity. The ideal temperature range for the machines is 20-25°C, with relative humidity below 70% to avoid dust and moisture that can harm the equipment.

Application scenarios of double column CNC milling machines

Because of their stability, versatility, and precision, double column CNC milling machines are useful in many industries that depend on machining for quality control. These high-end machines work for large workpieces that do not need retooling or repositioning during the entire machining process. Some use double column CNC milling machines in one or more of these ways:

Heavy-duty machining: The automotive industry, aerospace engineering, shipbuilding industry, and construction machinery industry often use high-precision double column CNC milling machines for heavy-duty machining. This cutting machine can easily handle military machinery parts and large workpieces made of solid material like steel.
Creating complex shapes: Double column CNC machines can carve complex 3D shapes and geometric profiles. It is easy to create reliefs, figures, and customized patterns on the workpiece.
Precision part machining: DOUBLE COLUMN CNC machines achieve high-precision machining. It eliminates the error that usually occurs when retooling or repositioning. These machines produce parts to high tolerances, even when making small, intricate parts with complicated geometric shapes.
Creating different surface finishes: A machine can use different cutters, tools, and speeds to obtain a rough or shiny surface finish.
Integrated machining operations: Depending on the tool used and its speed, a double column CNC machine can carry out several machining operations on a workpiece. Besides milling, it can also do drilling and tapping, eliminating the need for different machines.

How to choose double column CNC milling machines

A high-performance double column CNC milling machine allows heavy cutting and helps improve the production rate. Such machines have high automation and improve the quality of machining parts. When looking for the right machine, consider the following tips:

Choose a reliable supplier

The business owner must partner with a reliable supplier or manufacturer to meet their demand for heavy-duty CNC machines. They should have a good reputation in the market. The buyer can read customer reviews or seek referrals from people who have previously bought these machines. A reliable seller provides after-installation support and warranty for their products.
Understand production needs

A buyer should have a clear understanding of their production needs. What type of material do they plan to use for milling? Will the machine be used for heavy-duty milling? Knowing the production requirements helps determine the right specifications for a double-column milling machine. This includes its bed size, spindle speed, power, and milling capacity.
Pay attention to the machine's design

A critical component of heavy-duty double-column CNC milling machines is its design and construction. The machine has an excellent damping capacity that minimizes vibrations. Choose a machine with sturdy construction, which may include cast iron frames, for stability and rigidity during the milling process.
Consider automation and control

A sophisticated double-column CNC machine has a computer numerical control (CNC) system. When selecting a machine, choose one with an easy-to-use control system and good operator feedback. Consider the automatic tool change system and the campaigns that streamline operations and increase efficiency.
Think about safety features

A CNC milling machine is complex and poses safety risks. The machine has many moving parts, so it's essential to consider its safety features. Look for emergency stop buttons, protective enclosures, interlocks, and overload display screens. The machine can have a tool magazine with advanced automation. These safety features prevent accidents from mishandling or machine malfunction.

Q&A

Q1: Which materials can a double column CNC mill machine work with?

A1: A double-column CNC milling machine can work with different metals, including steel alloys, non-ferrous alloys, titanium, and soft metals like brass and aluminum. Additionally, double column CNC machines can work with solid wood, wood-based boards, engineering ceramics, stone materials, foam materials, and other composite materials.

Q2: What tooling system is commonly used in double-column CNC milling machines?

A2: Double-column CNC milling machines usually use tool-holding systems of 50 ISO or 3-inch/4-inch square driving heads that follow standardized grasping techniques. They have automatic tool changers (ATCs) that can store and switch out various tools during the machining process, allowing for complex operations without manual intervention.

Q3: What software is used to program double-column CNC milling machines?

A3: Command software is often used to control the machine's movements and operations. The specific software used may vary depending on the manufacturer and model of the CNC milling machine.

Q4: What are the advantages of using a double-column CNC milling machine?

A4: The stability and rigidity of double-column CNC milling machines are excellent. Crucial parts like the saddle are solid, which can resist vibrations. They are suitable for machining heavy and hard materials. Double-column CNC milling machines have a wide machining range and high processing efficiency.