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Hydraulic breakers are paramount in demolishing construction structures. They work by utilizing high-pressure hydraulic fluid to create a pounding motion, usually driven by a steel spherical tool, to break tough materials like rocks and concrete. Hammer hydraulic breakers come in different categories based on the operating equipment, utilizing the hydraulic system's energy through an extended tool to create the impacting force. These are the types:
Excavator-mounted
The most common type of hydraulic breaker is the excavator-mounted one. It is attached to the arm of an excavator, combining the digging and breaking functions into one machine. These breakers are best in large-scale demolition or mining projects where an excavator is already in use.
Backhoe-mounted
Backhoe-mounted breakers are like excavator-mounted breakers but are designed to work with backhoes or bobcats. They are ideal for medium-sized demolition projects where the workspace is not too big.
Loader-mounted
Loader-mounted breakers attach to the bucket or forks of a front-end loader. These are suitable for large-scale breaking jobs as they provide high force. However, they are not as maneuverable as other types.
Pavement breakers
As the name suggests, pavement breakers are used primarily on roads and pavements. They are designed to produce less force horizontally, which is more suitable for breaking concrete slabs without damaging the ground underneath.
Handheld hydraulic breakers
Also known as jackhammers, handheld hydraulic breakers are small, portable breaking machines. These are mainly used by workers for smaller jobs like removing concrete from an area or digging trenches. They are the most versatile in terms of breaking machine size.
Specialty breakers
Certain breakers are designed with specific features to be more effective in tasks like mining or underwater breaking. These can be excavator-mounted or handheld, but with unique characteristics to suit certain environments or materials better.
Energy efficiency
A hydraulic hammer is rated based on the amount of energy it can deliver with each stroke. This is measured in joules or foot-pounds. It breaks material more quickly while using less fuel or hydraulic fluid due to the high efficiency.
Blows per minute
Hydraulic hammer breakers have varying BPM, dependent on the job's needs. A higher BPM allows for faster breaking, which is good for softer materials.
Operating pressure and flow rate
The main hydraulic system's operating pressures and flow rates should be compatible with the hammer. Correct settings are necessary to ensure it runs well and safely.
Tool selections and types
The tool or chisel used in a hammer hydraulic breaker comes in a variety of shapes and sizes. This is so it can break various materials better, like a flat or pointed break tool for different tasks. It is a major aspect of how effective the hammer is. Referring to the hydraulic hammer tool catalog helps one choose the right tool.
Augmented comfort and safety
Some models come with extra safety features, like automatic shut-off in case of trouble. Also, they are designed in a way that reduces vibration to the person using it, preventing shaking injuries from extended use.
Here are some key maintenance tasks for a hammer hydraulic breaker:
Regularly lubricate the tool/chisel
Applying grease to the hydraulic breaker tool before use ensures its long-lasting nature. Applying grease before using it prevents wear on the tool and internal hammer parts. The tool should be lubricated after every 15 minutes of use to ensure the tool lasts longer.
Inspect hydraulic fluid levels
Hydraulic fluid is a key aspect of the function of a hammer hydraulic breaker. Be sure to check the fluid level often and add more if needed. Low fluid levels can damage the machine, while too much fluid can cause excess pressure and lack of proper functioning. Always make sure to read the user's manual for specific directions on fluid types and levels.
Examine hoses for wear
The hydraulic hoses connected to the breaker should be regularly examined for any kind of wear and tear, like cracks or leaks. Damaged hoses can cause bad performance or injury. Change any broken or worn-out hoses as soon as possible. Also, dirt and debris commonly get stuck in hoses, leading to blockage. Ensure to clear them out to enhance proper function and avoid blockage.
Check seals
The internal seals must be examined regularly to identify if they have worn out. Poor seals allow hydraulic fluid to leak, meaning low pressure and bad performance. Check for signs of leakage around the seams and breaks. If leakage is evident, change the seal as soon as possible.
Clean the air filter
The air filter should be cleaned often to avoid dust and debris from entering the hydraulic system. A dirty filter limits airflow and can cause damage to internal parts. Filters need cleaning or changing based on the user's frequency of use. Be sure to read the manual for specific instructions on caring for the filter.
Inspect for cracks/damage
The breaker itself should be inspected often for any kind of cracking or damage. Regular inspection enables one to spot any developing problems earlier and avoid them getting bigger. Trying to work with a damaged or cracked hammer can be dangerous and possibly cause more damage to the machine.
Check tool locking system
The mechanism that locks the chisel or tool in place should be examined to ensure it is tough. This can be in the form of regular checks to see if the device is loosely attached or has trouble vibrating while in use. A loose tool is dangerous, so change or tighten the locking parts as soon as they become defective.
A hammer hydraulic breaker is used for the following construction applications:
Demolition of concrete structures
In large demolition tasks like tearing down old buildings, bridges, or factory structures, hydraulic breakers are attached to excavators so they can break thick concrete and steel quickly and efficiently. This is way easier than trying to break it all by hand.
Tunneling and underground work
These breakers help create tunnels, mines, or underground parking garages by breaking through rock and concrete found under the surface. They make it simpler to create the big holes needed for all this underground construction.
Roadwork and pavement breaking
Hydraulic breakers are often used to break up old roads, highways, and concrete driveways. The force they deliver can easily break the annoying tough material of the pavement. This makes repaving roads or fixing old concrete a faster and simpler task.
Excavation in mining
In mining, hydraulic breakers are used to break hard rock into smaller chunks so it can be transported and processed. They efficiently break difficult rock types, which are much harder to excavate by just drilling.
Foundation digging
Breakers are used when digging deep Building foundations to break tough bedrock or large boulders buried underground. Without the breaker, this hard material would slow the digging work way down.
Creating retaining walls
When building retaining walls to hold back dirt, hydraulic breakers can be used to dig in and break up the rocky ground where the wall needs to be placed. This prepares the area needed to install the wall.
Utility trenching
Breakers make it possible to dig trenches quickly in tough areas for utility work, like installing water pipes or electrical lines. This saves workers from all the hard manual labor.
Earthquake retrofitting
For older buildings retrofitting to better withstand earthquakes, hydraulic breakers are used to install new reinforcements. These strengthen the building to hold up better during shaking.
Land clearing
Even clearing land to build new homes or developments can require breaking in tough rock or concrete. Hammer breakers are the ideal equipment to do this clearing work.
Here are some important factors to consider when selecting a hammer hydraulic breaker:
Type of machine it will attach to
Find out what kind of equipment the hammer will go on, like an excavator, backhoe, or loader. Each type of machine works best with certain hammer styles. For example, smaller hand hammers are for small jobs, while large excavator hammers are for tough, big breaking tasks. Ensure the hammer is compatible with the equipment.
Breaking power needed
Breaking power is measured in foot-pounds or joules, meaning the force it exerts to break material. More hammer power is required for thicker concrete and tougher rock. For softer materials, a lower power hammer is enough. Construction experts can offer more advice on the proper sized hydraulic breaker hammer based on the project requirements.
Blows per minute rate
This refers to how many times the hammer strikes each minute. A higher BPM means faster work, which is good for softer materials. For harder tasks, slower breakers provide more power per blow. Consider what speed is best for the project needs.
Compatibility with existing hydraulic systems
To ensure proper function, the hammer's pressure and fluid needs must match the machine's own hydraulic system. They should not differ in rates. It is important not to mismatch them. A hand manual can provide information on these matching requirements. Existing hydraulic systems are a key factor in compatibility.
Budget
Prices may vary depending on size and type. Only a construction expert can offer more advice based on project needs. For smaller tasks, picking a compact model might save funds. For extensive work, a heavy-duty one might be more of a long-term investment.
Recoil dampening features
Excessive recoil can jolt the machinery and operator. Choosing one with effective dampers reduces this. This increases overall comfort and stability.
Operating safety
Working with heavy equipment can pose dangers. An owner should look at getting only the hammer that meets safety standards. This decreases the chances of hazardous situations arising on site.
Noise levels
Breakers can be quite loud. One must think about noise levels depending on the area they work in. Some noise-reducing attachments may help get the sound down a bit.
Durability
Since hammer breakers are used in demanding locations, durability is vital for concerns about wear and tear. Strong materials should be used to cover parts exposed to harsh elements.
A1: They are made of several strong materials, including high-strength steel, alloy steel, and sometimes tungsten carbide or chrome-molybdenum steel for wear parts.
A2: Several factors affect performance, including tool material, design, diameter, length, heat treatment, wear-resistance coatings, and compatibility with the machine.
A3: Key factors include project type, material hardness, machine compatibility, required breaking power and speed, and available hydraulic pressure.
A4: Key maintenance tasks include regular lubrication, inspecting and replacing worn parts, checking hydraulic fluid levels, and ensuring proper tool alignment and attachment.
A5: yes, they produce considerable noise, often exceeding 100 decibels. This is comparable to the noise produced by heavy construction activities and requires ear protection.
