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The keyboard PCB is an essential component of any electronic or mechanical keyboard as it helps to translate the user key press into an input signal to the connected device. They are fabricated in different layouts and sizes based on the keyboard form factor and application type. The full-size computer keyboard can accommodate up to 100 keys, with compact mobile keyboards having less than 40 keys in smaller footprints. Additionally, the keyboard PCBs feature different components, such as LEDs (single or RGB LEDs) under the keys for illumination. They also have microcontrollers that process key presses, run light effect, and handle wire and wireless communications.

Types of keyboards PCB

There are different types of keyboard PCB, including membrane keyboard PCB, mechanical keyboard PCB, and wireless keyboard PCB. The wireless keyboard PCB supports different wireless protocols like Bluetooth and 2.4GHz wireless. Bluetooth offers support for many devices, while the 2.4GHz provides a stable and low latency connection perfect for gaming.

The mechanical keyboard PCB uses individual mechanical switches for every key. These switches are durable as they’re rated for tens of millions of keystrokes, which surpasses the lifespan of those found on standard keyboards. This durability makes the keyboard ideal for heavy typists and gamers who need dependable input devices. The membrane keyboard features a thin and flexible membrane with conductive traces. When a user presses a key, it pushes down the membrane layer, making contact with the circuit below and registering a keystroke.

The features of the keyboard PCB

Some keyboard PCBs come integrated with a USB connector, which connects the keyboard to the computer or other devices. The interface also supports different features like multimedia control and USB hub functionality. They also come equipped with mounting holes designed to secure the PCB to the keyboard case, preventing it from moving. In addition, some keyboard PCBs are fitted with backlight or custom RGB lighting. Usually, these PCBs feature dedicated LED drivers that control the lighting effect.

Most of the printed circuit boards come with designated mounting points for membrane or mechanical switches. Usually, these mounting points are organized in a grid pattern based on the layout of the keys on the keyboard. Also, the traces on many keyboard PCBs link the switch contacts to the keyboard controller, allowing the keyboard to register key presses. Effective trace routing ensures effective electrical connection and avoids signal interference.

Common types of keyboard PCB materials

Most PCB keyboards are constructed from durable materials such as FR4, Teflon, Ceramic, and Polyimide. FR4 is the most common material used on the keyboard because of its durability and exceptional heat and moisture resistance. FR-2 is another popular choice due to its thermal stability. However, they’re not as durable or heat-resistant as FR-4, meaning they’re only suitable for simple keyboard applications. Polyimide is another popular material known for its moisture and chemical resistance properties. Polyimide PCBs are also called “flex PCBs” because they can be bent into tight spaces. They’re commonly used on flexible or portable keyboards or other applications where flexibility is essential.

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