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Mini CNC 5 axis machines are based on the same concept as other 5 axis models, with the only difference being their smaller size. Due to their smaller size, all of these machines are suitable for desktop use and can fit on a normal-sized workstation. In addition to this, a lot of these machines might also have/(Might not have) a stand-alone control unit with an offline controller. An offline controller allows the operator to load projects on the machine without having to be connected to a computer.
As discussed previously, the 5th axis in CNC machines refers to the times in addition to the fixed movements. The fifth axis rotates the parts or tool holders on its neck. This further helps cut products in a greater area of reach with better angles. Having more access points helps streamline the entire production process and reduces the need to change parts manually.
The table below summarizes the types of mini CNC 5-axis machines.
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Mini 5-Axis CNC Machine | Mini 5-axis CNC machines are compact versions of their full-sized counterparts, preserving the 5-axis cutting functionality within a smaller frame. Due to their smaller size, these machines weigh less and are easier to transport compared to their full-sized counterparts. In addition to this, storing them is also very easy because they can easily be fixed on a table or work area. These machines are perfect for smaller workshops who do not have a lot of space but need this machine to fulfill their daily tasks. Even though they are small in size, they are capable of completing the same tasks as their bigger counterparts. |
| Portable 5-Axis CNC | Portable 5-axis CNC machines are designed for easy transport and on-site operation. Like mini 5-axis CNC machines, portable 5-axis CNC are also designed for easy transport. In addition to this, they are also manufactured to be used in areas where normal electricity supply might not be available, meaning they are well-suited for outdoor projects. These machines are perfect for contractors or production team members who are always on the move and need to take their CNC machine with them and at times even have to use it in an unbothered location. |
Worktable
The 5-axis mini CNC machine usually has a worktable dimension of around 300 to 400 mm. The worktable also has a load-bearing capacity of about 5 to 15 kg. Some devices include a clamping system that helps to hold a workpiece firmly.
Machine Body
The body of the 5-axis machines is usually made of cast iron or alloy material. It ensures that the machine is sturdy enough for accurate machining. The overall height and length of the machine are about 600 mm and 800 mm, respectively.
Spindle and motor
A mini 5-axis CNC machine usually has a spindle that is able to run at over 60,000 rpm. The power rating of the spindle is about 0.5 to 2.0 kW. The driving motor for the machine can either be step or servo motors. They enable the machine to have fast and accurate positioning of the workpiece.
Control System
The control system of a mini 5-axis CNC machine consists of its control, guidance, and communication parts. The controlling part is usually an embedded unit or microcontroller. It features a flexible architecture, high integration, and easy programmability for fine machine control. For machine guidance, a 5-axis mini CNC has an axis router software that is user-friendly and allows technicians to easily import designs for machining. The communication component is made up of Ethernet, USB, and serial connections that enable it to link to other devices and systems, including external databases and network systems. The dimension and weight of a mini 5-axis CNC machine can vary according to design. However, it is manufactured to be easy to move and install in a new location.
Machines require constant maintenance for them to work well and have a longer lifespan. The following tips can help to keep the 5-axis CNC machine in good working condition.
Inspect and Clean
The first step to CNC maintenance is to regularly clean and inspect it. The process will help to identify any wear or damage on the machine parts. Users should look closely at the worktable, cutting tools, rails, and hold-downs. They should remove all the debris and use a vacuum to remove any residual material from the tabletop and router head. Lubricate the machine parts that can wear out quickly, like the moving parts and rails.
Calibrate and Tighten
Regularly clean and maintenance of a mini CNC 5-axis machine can result in small parts becoming loose and misaligned over time. Therefore, users must routinely calibrate the settings to ensure accurate cutting and alignment of the workpiece. They should also check all clamps and fasteners in the device to make sure they are securely tightened.
Lubrication
Many moving parts and components, like the threaded rods, gear, bearings, and rails, need regular lubrication to ensure smooth operation. Lubricate any sliding, rotating, or moving parts. Lubricating fluid only needs to be lightly applied on the parts. Excess oil may attract debris and dust, which can interfere with the motion of the machine components.
Replace and Service
Some 5-axis machines wear out after constant use. These include the cutting tools and blades, bearings, belts, and lead screws. Replace these parts when they start to wear. Check the tension of the drive belts and ensure they are in good shape. Also, the user may need to re-align or re-calibrate some settings to ensure proper functioning of the router machine. They should refer to the manufacturer manual for guidance on how to service and replace different parts of the machine.
With the rapid growth of technology, the usage of mini 5-axis CNC machines has surged in various industries because of their compacted size and versatility. One prominent application of mini 5-axis CNC machine tools is in the aerospace industry. These machines create complex aerodynamic engine components, such as nozzles and blades, in the aerospace industry. Another standard usage scenario of 5-axis mini CNC machines is in the medical industry. These machines can fabricate medical instruments like dental equipment, orthopedic devices, surgical tools, and prosthetics with maximum precision and minimum margin of error. The automobile industry also extensively employs mini 5-axis CNC machines to manufacture intricate automotive parts and assemblies. The automotive industry benefits from the efficiency and specificity of the device, from interior fittings to gear levers, valves, and dashboards.
5-axis CNC machines also play a pivotal role in architectural design. The architecture industry uses these devices to create an elaborate model of a project, including architectural details like domes, arches, door frames, and columns. In the entertainment industry, mini 5-axis CNC machines are used in motion pictures, video games, and television series to create models and prototypes of complex and unique designs. One popular application of mini 5-axis CNC machines is jewelry making. The jewelry industry employs these machines to design and carve precious metals and gems with maximum precision, ensuring just and perfect cuts.
Customs manufacturing is yet another area where mini 5-axis CNC machines shine. These machines are increasingly used to manufacture consolidation, custom prototypes, and one-off products in low-volume production runs. The list is endless, as mini 5-axis CNC machines create cutting molds and models for other industries.
Focus on the worktable size and material:
CNC machines with small worktables are often more affordable and easier to install than larger models. However, they may limit the size of the materials that can be worked on. Therefore, when considering what materials a mini machine can process, the worktable size is crucial. Additionally, the worktable's construction material also affects what types of materials the device can handle.
Machine precision is paramount:
The mini CNC 5 axis machine's accuracy is undoubtedly one of its most important features. A device with a higher accuracy rating will produce parts that require less additional processing to attain the desired level of accuracy.
Tool library and number of tools:
Some devices have a limited number of tools and may require manual tool replacement, which can slow down processing time. Considering the number of tools available can assist in determining how much manual intervention is required during machining operations.
Machine air and vacuum requirements:
Certain CNC devices necessitate specialized compressors or vacuum pump systems for their operation, which may be costly and challenging to obtain. Opting for a device that uses widespread and easily available air or cooling requirements can reduce additional equipment expenses, thereby lowering overall costs.
Controller and software:
It is essential to focus on the device's controlling system and accompanying software when considering a CNC setup. The controller and software play a critical role in how well the device functions and how easily it can be operated.
Replacement part availability:
Replacement parts for a device may be limited if it is an unusual model or one that is rarely sold. In such cases, finding the required components can be difficult and may necessitate purchasing an entirely new system.
Q1: What is the benefit of a 5-axis CNC machine?
A1: A 5-axis CNC machine has more freedom of movement to create complex shapes and reduce the need for part fixture changes. It can increase productivity and create more complicated designs that 3 and 4-axis machines cannot achieve.
Q2: How big are 5-axis CNC machines?
A2: 5-axis machines can be the size of a small table up to a large room. Mini machines are easier to store and move. Larger models are called gantry-style, and there are larger still, called portal models.
Q3: Does a 5-axis CNC machine require more software?
A3: The same CAD and CAM software used for 3 and 4-axis machines will work with a 5-axis machine. Advanced software is available that can program machines in an easier way.
Q4: Can a 5-axis CNC machine do engraving?
A4: Yes, five-axis CNC machines can engrave designs on different materials. They can perform various tasks such as carving, drilling, cutting, etching, and milling, depending on the accessory attached to the spindle.
