Peanut sorting machine

Types of peanut sorting machines

The process of sorting peanuts is done with the help of a peanut sorting machine, which is able to separate peanuts as per differing parameters like size, colour, weight, damaged nuts etc. Such machines have become essential parts of processing units and are used to ensure quality control of peanuts. There are a couple of sorting machines available that use different sorts of technologies to separate peanuts efficiently and effectively.

• Optical sorters:

Optical sorters are machines that are used to visually scan peanuts. They typically use video cameras with high-resolution imaging and various light wavelengths to identify peanuts based on their colour, size, shape, and other visual characteristics. Once the peanuts are scanned, the information is then processed with the help of high-speed sorting software, which makes decisions about the peanuts based on predefined sorting criteria. After this, automated ejector systems like air jets or mechanical paddles are activated to remove undesired peanuts or defects from the batch. The good peanuts are then allowed to pass through and continue onto the processing steps.

• Weight-based classifiers:

Weight-based classifiers work by differentiating peanuts based on their weight. Such machines have multiple weighing stations are set up at different points along the sorter. Peanuts pass through these weighing stations and are weighed. The recorded weights are then compared to predetermined thresholds or ranges, and peanuts of different weights are classified accordingly. Heavier peanuts contain more valuable kernel and oil content and can be preferred by buyers. Lighter peanuts may indicate spoilage or reduced kernel size and can be undesirable.

• Size and shape sorters:

Size and shape sorters work by separating peanuts based on their size and shape. Such machines typically have a series of screens and sieves with different hole, aperture, and mesh sizes. As peanuts are passed through these screens, they are sorted based on their size. Additionally, their shape is separated as per distinct characteristics like elongated, round, irregular, etc. Size and shape sorting is one of the most basic methods of sorting peanuts. Larger processing units may have this method as part of their segregation process before the peanuts are further treated for peanut oil or peanut butter.

Specifications and maintenance of peanut sorting machines

Specifications

• Feeding conveyor: The feeding conveyor is the entry point for peanuts. It usually has a width of 300 mm and a length of 1000-3000 mm, which ensures that peanuts can be sent to the sorting area evenly and stably.
• Charging cylinder: The charging cylinder includes a vibrating table, which is designed to scatter peanuts one by one. The diameter of the charging cylinder is usually around 600 mm, which gives enough space to spread out peanuts.
• Sorting area: The sorting area often consists of several sorting holes with different sizes. Usually, there are two sorting holes for each size, and the distance between them varies from 10-30 mm. This arrangement enables the identification and removal of various types of defective peanuts according to size.
• Discharging mechanism: The discharging mechanism is responsible for discharging sorted peanuts into different containers or areas. It can be an ejector or a conveyor belt, among other things.
• Power system: The power system drives the sorting machine by means of electric motors or other power sources. The electric motor's power may range from 0.5 kW to 2.0 kW, depending on the size and capacity of the sorting machine.
• Machine frame: The machine frame is made of steel or other sturdy materials to support the entire structure of the sorting machine and ensure its stability during operation.

Maintenance

• Regular cleaning: It is essential to maintain the sorting accuracy and working efficiency of the sorting machine by regularly cleaning the surface and inside parts of the machine. Use detergent and water to clean the residues and dust on the machine's surface, and use brushes and air compressors to clean the sorting holes and air ducts.
• Check the electrical system: Regularly check the sorting machine's electrical components for signs of damage, loose connections, etc., and promptly repair or replace them as needed.
• Lubrication maintenance: Apply lubricant to the movable parts, bearings, etc., of the sorting machine periodically so as to ensure its smooth operation and reduce mechanical wear.
• Inspect and replace consumable parts: Regularly inspect the sorting holes, conveyor belts, etc. which are consumable parts in the sorting machine. Replace them in time if there is any abrasion or damage so as to ensure the sorting accuracy and stability of the machine.
• Inspect and maintain the air system: The air sorting machines need to maintain the air system to make sure the air ducts and nozzles are unblocked and working properly. Regularly clean the air pumps and filters.
• Pay attention to the operating parameters: During the use of the sorting machine, carefully observe the operating parameters and notice any abnormal sounds, temperatures, etc., and take necessary measures in time to troubleshoot.
• Regular overall maintenance: Carrying out overall maintenance and inspection of the sorting machine on the regular basis is also the key point to ensure its stable operation. Overall inspection, cleaning, lubrication, etc. of important components such as electrical systems, air systems, and machines may be required according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Scenarios of peanut sorting machines

Peanut sorting machines play a vital role in agricultural economics across multiple industries. Agriculture relies heavily on peanuts as a cash crop and staple food, so machines that sort them are very beneficial. In this case, quality assurance is paramount, and such machines can effectively separate defective peanuts from good ones.

Peanut butter production lines must use sorting machines to ensure that only the best-quality peanuts go into making their products. If rotten or damaged peanuts make it into the peanut butter, they could reduce the product's quality and safety. Similarly, the snack food industry needs sorting machines to produce products of higher standards and satisfy consumers' demands for excellence. Clients want crisp, whole, and undamaged peanuts in their bags of snacks, not peanuts with poor quality.

Sorting machines are integral to value-added peanut products' processing and manufacturing. Peanuts may be transformed into various products like oil, flour, and sweets, which require sorting to ensure quality raw materials are used in these developments.

Food safety regulations mandate that only high-quality foods be processed and consumed; therefore, peanut sorting machines become essential tools for meeting these legal requirements. By using these machines, businesses can quickly show they follow the rules on food quality, which is very important if they want to export their products.

The research and education sectors also benefit from peanut sorting machines. Universities and agricultural research institutions may use these machines for research purposes, agriculture, genetics, or food science studies. They help researchers analyze and classify peanuts' physical characteristics, including size, shape, and defects.

How to choose peanut sorting machines

Many factors must be considered when choosing the right peanut grading machine for the purpose. One of the most important things is to know what kind of peanuts the machine is meant for. Some machines are made to sort only raw peanuts, while some are manufactured to sort other types of peanuts like badam peanuts, boiled peanuts, etc. So, it is essential to know what kinds of peanuts the machine is meant to sort.

Another thing to consider is the machine's capacity. Large-scale industries that deal with large quantities of peanuts daily need machines with higher capacities. But smaller-scale industries can use machines with lower capacities. Besides, the amount of energy the sorting takes is another important discussion point. Efficient machines can save companies energy costs. Energy-efficient machines also make companies qualify for sustainability practices and reduce their carbon footprint.

It's also essential to consider the types of defects the machine can detect. Some machines are manufactured to detect and remove peanuts with color defects, shriveled peanuts, immature peanuts, etc. But some machines cannot detect certain types of defects. Training time is another thing to discuss when buying sorting machines. How long will it take to train workers to use the machine? Some machines have sophisticated interfaces that require lengthy training and technical knowledge to operate.

Lastly, consider the machine repair and service requirements. It's crucial to find a manufacturer that provides timely repair services to ensure the machine works well without any breaks. Assessing the sorting machine's build quality can also go a long way in helping the machine last and making it require fewer repair services.

Peanut sorting machine Q&A

Q1: What are the latest developments in peanut sorting technology?

A1: The trend is toward machines that use artificial intelligence and deep learning. Such models can sort peanuts based on multiple parameters. They are not limited to color variation alone. Automated self-learning systems are now allowing machines to improve their sorting accuracy over time. More efficient optical sensors, combined with machine learning algorithms, can now detect even subtle differences in peanut quality.

Q2: Can hyper-accurate sorting machines also perform other tasks, like grading or shelling?

A2: Yes, multifunctional units are becoming popular. Combining sorting with grading and shelling can further streamline the peanut-processing workflow.

Q3: What are the advantages of using air blast sorting in peanut machines?

A3: Air blast sorting uses a gust of air to dislodge peanuts based on size or quality. It is helpful for secondary sorting after initial automated optical sorting. This method is less damaging and more gentle than mechanical sorting.

Q4: What is the capacity range of industrial peanut sorting machines?

A4: The capacity can vary based on the configuration and the manufacturer. Standard models can process anywhere from 100 to 5,000 kg per hour.

Q5: Are there any mobile peanut sorting solutions for smaller farms?

A5: Yes, some manufacturers now offer portable sorting machines suitable for small to medium-sized farms. These are ideal for on-site sorting at harvest time to minimize post-harvest losses.