Types of Second Hand Containers
Used shipping containers are versatile and durable structures that serve a wide range of purposes beyond their original intent for global cargo transport. These containers come in various types categorized by condition, size, and type, each offering unique benefits depending on the intended use.
Whether you're looking to repurpose a container for storage, housing, or commercial use, understanding these classifications can help you make an informed decision based on your needs, budget, and environmental conditions.
One-Trip (OU)
Also known as "One-Trip" or "OU" containers, these have only completed a single journey, often from manufacturing hubs like Asia to destinations such as North America or Europe. They are nearly new and considered the highest quality among used containers.
Advantages
- Near-new condition
- Minimal wear and tear
- Long service life potential
- High structural integrity
Limitations
- Higher cost compared to other used types
- May still require minor repairs
Best for: Permanent installations, offices, homes, and businesses where appearance and durability matter most.
Wind & Water Tight (WWT)
These containers are certified to be structurally sound, weatherproof, and able to protect cargo during transit. While not as pristine as One-Trip units, they are reliable and suitable for many applications after some maintenance.
Advantages
- Affordable price point
- Good overall condition
- Still functional for storage and transport
Limitations
- May show signs of rust or dents
- Possible need for cosmetic or minor structural repair
Best for: Temporary storage solutions, construction sites, or short-term usage scenarios.
Graded Containers
These are older containers with significant wear and tear. They are typically sold "as-is" and may have undergone multiple journeys across harsh environments. They are best suited for low-priority storage purposes.
Advantages
- Most economical option
- Suitable for basic storage needs
Limitations
- Significant corrosion and damage possible
- Not recommended for long-term or structural use
Best for: Budget-conscious buyers needing temporary storage or non-structural enclosures.
By Size
Used shipping containers come in a variety of standard and less common dimensions. The size you choose will depend on how much space you need and what you plan to store or build inside.
| Size | Dimensions (L x W x H) | Common Uses | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10-Foot Container | ~10ft x 8ft x 8.5ft | Small storage units, garden sheds, tool boxes | Ideal for tight spaces or small-scale projects |
| 20-Foot Container | ~20ft x 8ft x 8.5ft | Shipping, modular homes, retail kiosks | Popular for both transport and conversion projects |
| 40-Foot Container | ~40ft x 8ft x 8.5ft | Large storage, office conversions, multi-room setups | Offers more interior space for extensive builds |
| 45-Foot High Cube | ~45ft x 8ft x 9.5ft | Heavy-duty logistics, oversized cargo | Less commonly available but offers extra volume |
By Type
Depending on the cargo type and environmental requirements, second-hand containers come in several specialized forms designed for specific applications.
Standard Dry Containers
The most common type, these containers are designed to keep contents dry and ventilated. They are ideal for general-purpose cargo that doesn’t require climate control.
Advantages
- Versatile and widely available
- Durable and secure
- Cost-effective for most uses
Limitations
- No temperature control
- Not suitable for perishable goods
Best for: General storage, equipment transport, and modular building projects.
Refrigerated Containers
Equipped with built-in cooling systems, these containers maintain controlled temperatures and are ideal for transporting perishable items such as food and pharmaceuticals.
Advantages
- Temperature-controlled environment
- Safe for sensitive cargo
- Can run on external power sources
Limitations
- Higher energy consumption
- More expensive than standard containers
Best for: Transporting food, medical supplies, and other temperature-sensitive materials.
High-Cube Containers
Taller than standard containers, high-cube units provide additional internal height—typically around 9'6"—making them ideal for bulky or stacked cargo.
Advantages
- Increased vertical storage capacity
- Better utilization of space
- Same footprint as standard containers
Limitations
- May not fit under certain clearance limits
- Slightly higher cost than standard units
Best for: Shipping large volumes, bulky items, or when stacking is required.
Open-Top Containers
Designed with a removable roof, open-top containers allow for easy loading of tall or oversized cargo using cranes or other lifting equipment.
Advantages
- Easy top access for loading/unloading
- Ideal for heavy or irregularly shaped items
- Provides flexibility in cargo handling
Limitations
- Exposed to weather unless covered
- Roof must be stored separately
Best for: Construction materials, machinery, and oversized equipment.
Flat Rack Containers
These containers feature collapsible ends and no fixed sides, making them perfect for oversized cargo that cannot fit into traditional containers.
Advantages
- Flexible loading options
- Ideal for awkward shapes and sizes
- Easy to customize mounting points
Limitations
- Limited protection from the elements
- Requires additional securing measures
Best for: Heavy machinery, vehicles, boats, and industrial equipment.
Dangerous Goods (DG) Containers
Specifically designed and certified for transporting hazardous materials, these containers include safety features such as ventilation, fire suppression, and reinforced walls.
Advantages
- Compliant with international safety standards
- Includes spill containment and venting
- Secure for flammable, toxic, or reactive materials
Limitations
- Strict regulatory compliance required
- Specialized handling and permits needed
Best for: Industrial chemicals, fuels, pesticides, and other hazardous substances.
Expert Tip: When purchasing second-hand containers, always inspect for rust, structural integrity, door seals, and any signs of previous chemical exposure—especially if planning to convert the unit for residential or food-related use.
Specifications and Maintenance of Second Hand Containers
Understanding Key Specifications
When purchasing or evaluating second-hand shipping containers, understanding their specifications is crucial to ensure they meet your specific needs. These containers come in various configurations designed for transportation, storage, construction, or even repurposing into modular buildings. Below are the most important specifications to consider:
Size Variants
The two most common dimensions are the 20-foot and 40-foot shipping containers, both standardized by ISO (International Organization for Standardization). The 20-foot container typically measures 20 feet long, 8 feet wide, and 8.6 feet high, offering a compact solution ideal for smaller storage or transport jobs.
In contrast, the 40-foot container doubles the length while maintaining the same width and height (40ft x 8ft x 8.6ft), making it suitable for larger cargo volumes or more spacious storage requirements. Some variations include high cube containers that offer an additional foot of height (9.6 feet) for increased volume without compromising standard widths.
Weight Considerations
Weight is a critical factor when handling used containers. A 20-foot container has a TARE weight (empty weight) of approximately 1,800 kg and can carry up to 28,000 kg of cargo. This makes it versatile for both light and moderately heavy loads.
A 40-foot container weighs around 3,800 kg empty but offers a slightly lower payload capacity of about 30,000 kg due to its increased structural mass. Understanding these figures helps in planning logistics, crane usage, and load distribution, especially during international shipping or multi-modal transport operations.
Material Composition
Most used shipping containers are constructed from corten steel, a weathering steel known for its durability and resistance to corrosion. Corten steel forms a protective rust layer that prevents further degradation, making containers suitable for outdoor use.
Aluminum alternatives are lighter but less commonly found. They are often chosen for specialized applications where weight reduction is essential, such as air freight or marine environments with frequent exposure to saltwater. However, aluminum containers may be more prone to dents and require careful handling.
Design Features
Containers come with a variety of design options depending on their intended use. Basic dry containers feature double rear doors and no windows, while modified versions may include side doors, ventilation panels, or roof openings for easier access and airflow.
Insulated containers (also called refrigerated containers) maintain internal temperatures and are often used for perishable goods or sensitive materials. Others are converted into office spaces, retail units, or housing modules with added insulation, lighting, plumbing, and electrical systems.
| Specification | Details | Use Case Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| Standard Sizes | 20ft, 40ft (High Cube variants available) | Determines cargo volume and storage capacity |
| Structural Material | Corten Steel (most common), Aluminum | Impacts durability, weight, and environmental resistance |
| Weight Capacity | 20ft: 28,000kg / 40ft: 30,000kg | Important for transport and stacking safety |
| Security Options | Lock boxes, padlock hasps, electronic locks | Essential for securing valuable contents |
Essential Maintenance Practices
Proper maintenance significantly extends the life of a second-hand shipping container and ensures it remains functional and secure. Regular upkeep not only preserves appearance but also protects against environmental wear and structural failure.
Important: Always perform a full inspection before purchasing a used container. Look for COS (Container Safety Certificate) markings, repair history, and any signs of previous contamination or hazardous material storage. Proper documentation and condition verification help avoid future liabilities and ensure safe usage.
How to Choose Second-Hand Shipping Containers for Resale
Purchasing used shipping containers for resale requires careful evaluation of multiple factors that influence their value, usability, and marketability. Whether you're buying for storage, construction, or repurposing into modular structures, understanding the key considerations will help maximize your investment return.
Condition Assessment
A thorough inspection of a container's physical state is crucial before purchase. Look beyond surface-level scratches and focus on structural integrity, corrosion levels, and functional components.
- Check for significant rust spots, especially around door frames and base corners
- Inspect welds and seams for cracks or signs of previous repairs
- Test door seals and locking mechanisms for proper operation
- Look for interior water damage indicators like mold or staining
- Verify flooring condition—wooden floors should be solid without rot
Pro Tip: Bring a magnet to test for galvanized coatings; lack of magnetic attraction indicates protective layer wear
Size Selection
Container size directly impacts both utility and resale potential. The most common lengths are 20-foot and 40-foot models, but other dimensions exist depending on usage needs.
- 20-foot containers (approx. 6m): Ideal for small storage units, workshops, or compact living spaces
- 40-foot containers (approx. 12m): Better suited for commercial storage, large-scale projects, or multi-room conversions
- High cube variants offer additional vertical space (9'6" vs standard 8'6")
- Consider transportation logistics when selecting larger sizes
Market Insight: 40-foot containers often offer better price-per-foot value but require specialized transport
Geographical Considerations
The location where you source containers significantly affects both cost and quality. Strategic purchasing can lead to substantial savings in logistics and preparation costs.
- Coastal containers often show accelerated corrosion from salt exposure
- Inland locations typically offer better preservation but may have higher inland freight charges
- Ports with high container turnover usually have fresher stock
- Local depots might offer delivery services at reduced rates
- Consider proximity to rail lines or major highways for easier transport
Cost Factor: Transportation costs can sometimes exceed the container price itself
Pricing Strategy
Understanding pricing dynamics helps identify good deals while avoiding overpaying for substandard units. Several variables influence container pricing in the secondary market.
- New container prices set an upper limit for used values
- Cubic yard comparisons help assess relative value
- Seasonal demand fluctuations affect availability and pricing
- Multiple-unit purchases often qualify for bulk discounts
- Delivery options impact total acquisition cost
Negotiation Tip: Ask about stacking credits if you plan to take multiple containers
Container Types and Specializations
Beyond standard dry storage containers, various specialized types serve specific purposes and offer unique resale opportunities based on market demand.
- Reefer containers (refrigerated) for temperature-controlled environments
- Flat rack containers for oversized cargo transport
- Open top containers with removable roofs
- Tank containers for liquid and gas transport
- Insulated containers for climate-sensitive applications
Resale Potential: Specialty containers maintain higher residual value in niche markets
Security Features
Effective security features protect stored contents and enhance resale appeal. Modern containers incorporate various security-enhancing designs and accessories.
- Twist-lock corner castings prevent unauthorized movement
- Heavy-duty lock boxes protect against forced entry
- Padlock hasps with anti-drill plates add protection
- Door seal systems prevent tampering and weather intrusion
- Optional alarm systems and tracking devices
Upgrade Option: Consider adding ISO-certified security features for premium resale
Buying Advice: When sourcing containers for resale, establish clear criteria for acceptable wear versus deal-breakers. Create a standardized inspection checklist covering all critical points. Document findings with photographs from multiple angles, including close-ups of any damage. This documentation protects you during negotiations and provides valuable marketing material for future resale.
| Condition Grade | Description | Typical Use | Expected Resale Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wind & Watertight (WWT) | No major dents, intact doors, minimal rust, watertight floor | Storage, light modifications | 60-75% of new price |
| As Is / Cargo Worthy | Meets CSC standards, minor repairs needed | International shipping | 40-60% of new price |
| Single-Trip | Used only once for initial delivery | High-quality resale, conversions | 70-85% of new price |
| Non-Spec/Heavily Damaged | Major structural issues, not seaworthy | Scrap metal, partial reuse | 20-40% of new price |
Brand Consideration: Recognized manufacturers like Maersk Line, CMA CGM, or COSCO produce containers that maintain better resale value. These brands typically use higher-quality materials and construction methods that result in longer service life. While name-brand containers may cost slightly more upfront, they tend to depreciate slower and attract more buyers when reselling.
DIY Guide to Replacing Second-hand Containers
Selecting the right container for your project is just the beginning. Over time, containers can wear out or no longer meet your storage requirements. Knowing how to properly replace a container with a second-hand alternative is key to maintaining safety, compliance, and cost-efficiency. This comprehensive guide will walk you through everything you need to know about selecting and replacing containers using sustainable, pre-owned options.
Safety Reminder: Always verify that both the contents being transferred and the new container are compatible in terms of material, chemical resistance, and environmental exposure. Follow local regulations for handling hazardous materials or substances.
Why Choose Second-Hand Containers?
Opting for a used container is not only budget-friendly but also an environmentally responsible choice. Many second-hand containers—especially those made from durable materials like HDPE (High-Density Polyethylene), steel, or stainless steel—are still perfectly functional and safe for reuse, provided they undergo proper inspection and cleaning.
- Eco-Friendly: Reduces landfill waste by repurposing existing resources.
- Cost-Effective: Often available at a fraction of the price of new units.
- Versatile: Available in a wide range of sizes, shapes, and materials to suit various applications.
Step-by-Step Replacement Process
- Identify Replacement Needs
- Determine the size, capacity, and material compatibility required for your application.
- Check if the container must be UN-rated or comply with food-grade standards, depending on its use.
- Review any regulatory guidelines for storing or transporting specific substances.
- Source a Suitable Second-Hand Container
- Purchase from reputable suppliers who provide documentation and condition reports.
- Inspect the container for cracks, leaks, corrosion, or signs of previous contamination.
- Verify that all lids, seals, and closures function properly.
- Prepare for Transfer
- Gather appropriate PPE (gloves, goggles, respirator if necessary).
- Set up spill containment trays and absorbent materials nearby.
- Ensure the workspace is clean, well-ventilated, and free of ignition sources if handling flammable substances.
- Transfer Contents Safely
- Use funnels, pumps, or siphoning tools designed for the type of substance being moved.
- Avoid overfilling; leave adequate headspace for expansion or agitation.
- Minimize splashing and spills by controlling flow rates during transfer.
- Label and Document
- Apply clear, durable labels indicating contents, date of transfer, hazard warnings, and handling instructions.
- Maintain records of the replacement process for audit and compliance purposes.
- Update inventory systems to reflect the new container's location and usage status.
| Replacement Phase | Key Considerations | Common Pitfalls | Recommended Tools |
|---|---|---|---|
| Selection | Material compatibility, regulatory compliance | Choosing containers previously used for incompatible substances | Supplier references, inspection checklist |
| Cleaning & Inspection | Thorough cleaning, leak testing | Inadequate decontamination leading to cross-contamination | Cleaning agents, pressure test kits |
| Transfer | Controlled environment, proper PPE | Spills due to improper equipment or haste | Pumps, funnels, spill trays |
| Documentation | Accurate labeling, updated records | Missing or incorrect labeling causing confusion or hazards | Industrial label printer, logbook |
Pro Tip: Before purchasing a second-hand container, ask the seller for its complete history, including what it stored previously and how it was cleaned and maintained. If possible, request third-party certification for cleanliness and integrity.
Final Tips for Long-Term Success
- Regularly inspect the new container for signs of degradation or leakage.
- Store in a controlled environment away from direct sunlight, moisture, or extreme temperatures unless specified otherwise.
- Implement a scheduled maintenance routine, especially for containers holding critical or sensitive materials.
- Consider applying protective coatings or secondary containment solutions to extend the life of your container.
Frequently Asked Questions About Used Shipping Containers
A1: When properly maintained and inspected, used shipping containers are completely safe for a wide range of applications including storage, construction, and even modified living or working spaces. However, to ensure their structural integrity and usability, several important checks should be performed:
- Structural inspection: Look for dents, deformations, or damage that could compromise strength.
- Rust and corrosion check: Inspect all sides, floor, and corners for signs of rust which may weaken the container over time.
- Door functionality: Ensure doors open and close smoothly and seal properly to maintain security and weather resistance.
- Floor condition: Wooden floors should be checked for rot, warping, or pest damage; steel floors should be free from holes or excessive wear.
- Cleaning and decontamination: If previously used for hazardous materials, containers must be thoroughly cleaned and certified safe for reuse.
By following these guidelines and sourcing from reputable suppliers, you can confidently use second-hand containers without compromising safety.
A2: Evaluating the condition of a used shipping container requires a detailed visual and physical inspection. Here’s what to look for when assessing a used container:
Exterior Inspection
- Corrosion: Minor surface rust can often be treated, but deep pitting or flaking indicates significant degradation.
- Dents and dings: Small dents are usually cosmetic, but large ones may indicate past impact damage that compromises structure.
- Paint and markings: Faded paint is normal, but missing panels or unclear identification codes (like CSC plates) may raise authenticity concerns.
Interior Inspection
- Flooring: Check for soft spots, water damage, or insect infestation in wooden flooring. Steel floors should be flat and intact.
- Walls and ceiling: Look for leaks, mold, or previous repairs that might affect insulation or durability.
Functional Components
- Doors: Test door alignment, latching mechanisms, and rubber seals for proper function and tight closure.
- Corners: Corner posts and fittings must be intact and not bent or broken as they bear most structural load.
If possible, ask the seller for documentation such as maintenance records, repair history, or photos of the container prior to purchase. Purchasing from certified dealers who grade containers by condition (e.g., Wind/Watertight, As-Is, or Cargo Worthy) also helps ensure quality.
A3: A "one-trip container" refers to a brand-new shipping container that has been manufactured and shipped directly from the factory to its first destination—typically across international waters—and then never used again. Despite being classified as "used," one-trip containers are nearly identical to new containers in terms of quality and condition because:
- They have only completed a single journey, usually from Asia to North America or Europe.
- No cargo was transported inside them; they were empty during transit.
- They have not been exposed to harsh environments, heavy usage, or potential damage from multiple shipments.
Because of this minimal exposure to wear and tear, one-trip containers are highly sought after for repurposing projects such as:
- Modular homes and tiny houses
- Commercial buildings and retail units
- Storage solutions and secure shelters
- Offices, classrooms, and pop-up structures
One-trip containers offer excellent value—they cost less than brand-new models while providing virtually the same level of durability and structural integrity.