Waterjet cutting machine

Types of waterjet cutting machines

A waterjet cutting machine is a device that uses a high-pressure stream of water to cut various types of materials. It is a cold cutting process that does not change the physical or chemical properties of the cut substances, making it appropriate for cutting delicate materials. In most cases, a small amount of abrasive is blended into the water stream to facilitate the cutting of tougher materials. A typical waterjet cutter consists of three parts: the pump, the cutting head, and the control system. The pump is responsible for increasing the pressure of the water to a very high level-in most cases, 60,000 to 90,000 psi. The cutting head is the part that directs the waterjet to perform the actual cutting. It contains a nozzle and a mix chamber that blends the abrasive and water. The control system is computer-based software that controls the speed and direction of the waterjet cutting head.

There are two main types of waterjet cutting machines:

• Pure water jet cutting machine: This is a type of waterjet cutter that relies only on high-pressure water to cut through a variety of materials. The cutting process happens when the water creates a high-speed jet stream that can slice through different substances like metal, glass, stone, ceramic, and rubber, to mention but a few. Since this waterjet cutter lacks abrasive material, it is more suitable for cutting softer materials like plastic and foam. Pure water jets are also ideal for businesses looking for environmentally-friendly cutting methods, as they produce minimal waste and avoid harmful chemicals.
• Abrasive water jet cutting machine: This is a sophisticated water jet cutter that combines high-pressure water and small abrasive particles to enhance the cutting process. The machine pumps the abrasive material and water together to form a high-speed cutting stream. This process allows the abrasive water jet cutter to penetrate harder and tougher materials like metals, stones, and thick materials faster and more efficiently than its pure counterpart. The cutting process occurs when the abrasive particles interact with the material to create micro damage.

Specifications and maintenance of the waterjet cutting machine

• Sizes: A small-sized waterjet cutting machine can cut small metal pieces, while a large machine will have the ability to cut big metal sheets and pipes. A small water waterjet cutting machine is often portable.
• Control: These machines can either be computer-controlled automated systems with CAD and CAM software or manually controlled with handheld devices for CNC water jet cutting. Machines that are computer numerically controlled are typically more accurate than those that are not.
• Type: Whether a pure or abrasive water jet cutting machine, the method of cutting will differ. An abrasive water jet uses a mixture of water, jet, and sand to carry out its cutting functions.
• Material Compatibility: Depending on the type of water jet machine, some will be able to cut different metals and still have the capability to cut ceramics, glass, plastic, and stone. Materials with different hardness levels are cut using different nozzles and pressure levels.
• Standalone/Integrated Systems: Standalone systems have the water jet cutting machine as a standalone machine, while the integrated systems with combined cutting and machining functions are more efficient from a production point of view.

When it comes to the maintenance of water cutting jet machines for CNC or other types, regular maintenance is critical to ensure longevity, machine performance, cutting quality, and equipment efficiency. It also helps reduce the risk of any sudden breakdowns that will require the water jet cutting machine to be repaired or serviced for any faults.

The manufacturer will provide instructions on the essential water jet machine maintenance schedule and tips. Operators will need to perform daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, yearly, and occasional maintenance tasks. These will include daily inspections and cleaning of reserved parts and components, lubrication of moving parts, monitoring vital system parameters, and calibration of control systems.

More infrequent maintenance tasks will include replacement of filters, checking electrical connections and hydraulic systems and performing any repairs or adjustments if required. The major periodic overhauls of the machine every few months or a year may include replacement of gaskets and hoses, checking and aligning the pump components, servicing the cutting head assembly, checking the software for any updates, ensuring that backup systems are functioning and running diagnostics to identify the performance of the machine in jet cutting the water pressure condition.

Application Scenarios

It is no shock that water jet cutting machines are regarded as versatile tools because they find use in many cutting applications in different industries and sectors. Here is a breakdown of some industry use scenarios:

• Metal Cutting:

Water jet cutters, particularly the abrasive type, excel at cutting through various metals, including aluminum, stainless steel, alloy, etc. The machine is used to create intricate geometries in the automotive field, construction, and manufacturing dalliance.

• Architectural Cutting:

In architectural and interior design projects, water jet cutting machines are commonly used to cut through glass, stone, marble, and tiles. This enables designers and architects to realize their ideas by creating beautiful decorative elements like wall panels, windows, mosaic, and flooring need patterns.

• Impulsive Cutting:

Water jet cutting machines are also commonly used in the aviation industry. They cut through complex shapes in materials like composites, titanium, and alloys.

• Textile Cutting:

Water jet cutters are also used to cut textiles in the clothing and fashion industry. This includes materials like leather, cotton, silk, and synthetic fabrics. The water jet offers a non-contact cutting solution that minimizes distortion and ensures precise cutting, thereby increasing efficiency and yield.

• Food Cutting:

Water jet cutting machines can also handle food materials. They are commonly used in the food processing industry to cut fruits, vegetables, meat, and baked goods. The water jets are sanitary, precise, and gentle, ensuring steady product quality and minimal product damage.

How to choose a water jet cutting machine

There are several factors to consider when choosing the right water jet cutting machine:

• Type of jet : Buyers must first determine the kind of water jet cutter they require. A pure water jet cutter uses only water to cut, while an abrasive water jet cutter uses water and abrasive material to make cuts. An abrasive water jet cutter can cut a wider variety of materials and thicknesses, making it a better option for some users.
• Material and thickness : Before buying a water jet cutting device, one should compare the materials they work with and their thickness. Different machines work better with certain materials. Buyers have to ensure the selected machine is compatible with the materials they intend to cut.
• Cutting precision and quality: Different water jet cutting machines offer varying levels of precision and cutting quality. If their project demands high precision and excellent cutting quality, buyers should look for a machine that can provide those features.
• Cutting speed: The cutting speed of a water jet cutting machine can differ based on its size, power, and type. It is vital to match the machine's cutting speed with project needs and production target to ensure efficiency and fulfill desired timelines.
• Controller system: Water jet cutters have a range of controller systems. It's important to evaluate the controller system's features, user-friendliness, and programmability before purchasing a water jet cutter, as this will affect how material files are set up and cut.
• Operating cost : Water jet cutting machines usually have an operating cost. This includes supplementary items like abrasive material, electricity, and water. Before making a choice, buyers have to consider these expenses and ensure they can manage them.
• Size and workspace : Water jet cutting machines vary greatly in size. Buyers must get a machine whose dimensions are suitable for the workspace and also consider its installation requirements. They will also have to think about any material handling needs.
• Budget : Water jet cutting machines can range from mid to high prices, depending on their type, size, and features. Buyers must consider their budget and choose a machine that meets their project needs and budget constraints.
• Supplier and service support: Before choosing a certain machine, buyers should take time to research the supplier. This includes their service support, reputation, product quality, and spare part availability. Choose a supplier with reliable, long-term support.

Waterjet cutting machine Q & A

Q1: What kind of software can clients use to program their waterjet cutting machines?

A1: Most waterjet machines use CAD-CAM software. Business buyers can look for types of software that are compatible with their machine to avoid functionality issues.

Q2: Can a water jet cutting machine cut titanium?

A2: Yes, water jets can cut titanium. They can cut almost any material, including metals, without altering their chemical composition. However, the thickness of the titanium will determine if the waterjet can cut it.

Q3: What is the maximum thickness of material that a water jet can cut?

A3: This varies depending on the waterjet cutting type and the material. For instance, an abrasive water jet can cut up to two inches. It is almost impossible to get the maximum thickness for softer materials like foam or rubber.

Q4: Do water jets have any environmental concerns?

A4: Water jets are environmentally friendly. They don't produce heat or hazardous fumes. However, the disposal of used abrasive material might raise environmental issues. This will depend on the material that was cut.

Q5: Can a water jet cutting machine cut crystal?

A5: A water jet can cut crystal or glass. It can create intricate designs in transparent materials like glass or crystals. However, it will need precision control and delicate techniques to avoid cracks or breaks.