Types of Kiosk Card Readers
A kiosk card reader is a vital component in self-service systems, enabling secure and efficient payment processing across retail, hospitality, transportation, and healthcare environments. These devices have evolved to support diverse payment technologies, ensuring convenience, speed, and compliance with modern security standards. Choosing the right type of card reader can significantly impact customer satisfaction, transaction success rates, and operational efficiency.
RFID-Enabled Readers
Designed to read contactless cards, loyalty tags, and NFC-enabled smartphones and wearables using radio frequency technology.
Advantages
- Fast transaction processing (tap-and-go)
- Improved user experience and reduced queue times
- Supports mobile wallets (Apple Pay, Google Pay, Samsung Pay)
- Durable with no moving parts or insertion mechanisms
Limitations
- Limited to contactless payments only
- May not support chip or swipe fallback options
- Vulnerable to accidental reads if not properly shielded
Best for: Quick-service restaurants, transit stations, parking kiosks, and high-traffic retail environments
Hybrid Card Readers
Multi-functional readers that support magnetic stripe, EMV chip, contactless NFC, and mobile payments in a single unit.
Advantages
- Maximum payment flexibility and compatibility
- Future-proof solution for evolving payment trends
- Reduces transaction failures due to unsupported methods
- PCI-compliant with end-to-end encryption options
Limitations
- Higher initial cost compared to single-mode readers
- More complex maintenance and potential failure points
- Larger physical footprint in compact kiosks
Best for: Full-service retail, self-checkout lanes, hospitality check-in kiosks, and public service terminals
Chip Card Readers (EMV)
Dedicated readers that accept only EMV chip cards by inserting them into the slot for secure, encrypted transactions.
Advantages
- High level of transaction security (reduced fraud risk)
- Compliant with global EMV standards
- Widely adopted and trusted payment method
- Simpler design with fewer integration complexities
Limitations
- Slower than contactless options
- Requires card insertion, which can lead to jams or wear
- Does not support contactless or magnetic stripe fallbacks
Best for: Banks, government services, ticketing systems, and businesses prioritizing security over speed
Mobile Card Readers
Compact, wireless readers that connect to kiosks via Bluetooth or Wi-Fi, typically used with smartphones or tablets as the processing terminal.
Advantages
- High portability and easy deployment
- Cost-effective for small businesses or pop-up kiosks
- Seamless integration with mobile POS applications
- Quick setup and minimal infrastructure requirements
Limitations
- Dependent on mobile device performance and battery life
- Potential connectivity issues (Bluetooth/Wi-Fi interference)
- Less durable in harsh or high-traffic environments
Best for: Pop-up shops, outdoor events, food trucks, and temporary retail installations
| Reader Type | Security Level | Transaction Speed | Payment Flexibility | Best Use Case |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RFID-Enabled | High (NFC encryption) | Very Fast | Moderate | High-volume, fast-turnover environments |
| Hybrid | Excellent (EMV + E2E Encryption) | Fast | Excellent | Broad customer base with varied payment preferences |
| Chip Card (EMV) | Excellent | Moderate | Fair | Security-focused, low-to-moderate traffic kiosks |
| Mobile | Good (varies by provider) | Fast | Good | Mobile or temporary operations |
Expert Tip: For optimal performance and security, always ensure your kiosk card reader is PCI-PTS certified and regularly updated with the latest firmware to protect against emerging threats and maintain compliance.
Commercial Uses of Kiosk Card Readers
Kiosk card readers have become integral to modern commerce, transforming customer interactions across a wide range of industries. By enabling secure, fast, and self-service transactions, these systems enhance operational efficiency, reduce labor costs, and significantly improve the user experience. From retail checkout to healthcare administration, kiosk card readers support seamless digital payments and streamline service delivery in high-traffic environments.
Key Commercial Applications of Kiosk Card Readers
Retail
In retail environments, kiosk card readers power self-checkout stations that allow customers to scan, pay for, and bag their purchases without cashier assistance. This reduces long queues during peak hours and improves throughput at busy times such as holidays or sales events.
Advanced kiosks integrate with inventory and loyalty systems, enabling customers to redeem rewards, apply discounts, and receive digital receipts. The result is a faster, more personalized shopping experience that boosts customer satisfaction and frees up staff for higher-value tasks like customer service and restocking.
Food and Beverage Services
Restaurants, cafes, and vending operations use kiosk card readers to streamline ordering and payment processes. Customers can browse digital menus, customize orders, and pay instantly—reducing errors commonly associated with verbal orders and minimizing wait times.
Fast-food chains like McDonald’s and Panera Bread have reported increased average order values due to upselling features on kiosks. Additionally, these systems help manage labor shortages by reducing dependency on front-counter staff, especially during rush periods.
Hospitality
Hotels and resorts deploy kiosk card readers for automated check-in and check-out, room key issuance, and reservation modifications. Travelers can complete the entire process using their credit or debit cards, without waiting in line at the front desk.
These systems enhance guest convenience, especially during off-peak hours or late arrivals. They also reduce administrative burdens on hotel staff, allowing them to focus on personalized guest services rather than routine paperwork.
Transportation
Airports, train stations, and bus terminals use kiosk card readers for ticketing, seat selection, and fare payments. Passengers can purchase or reprint tickets, upgrade seating, or pay for baggage—all through intuitive touch-screen interfaces.
By reducing congestion at manned counters, transportation kiosks improve passenger flow and contribute to a smoother travel experience. Integration with mobile apps and contactless payment options (e.g., Apple Pay, Google Pay) further enhances accessibility and speed.
Entertainment
Cinemas, theme parks, and concert venues utilize kiosk card readers for ticket sales, season pass renewals, and merchandise purchases. Patrons can avoid long lines at entry points by buying tickets in advance or on-site via self-service kiosks.
In amusement parks, kiosks often integrate with reservation systems for rides or shows, improving crowd management. Some systems also support loyalty programs and gift card redemptions, increasing customer engagement and repeat visits.
Healthcare
Hospitals and clinics use kiosk card readers for patient check-in, co-pay collection, insurance verification, and appointment scheduling. Patients can update personal information and make secure payments before seeing a provider.
This automation reduces front-desk workload, minimizes data entry errors, and shortens wait times. It also supports compliance with privacy regulations by allowing patients to input sensitive information directly, reducing exposure through verbal communication.
Education
Schools, colleges, and universities implement kiosk card readers for tuition and fee payments, course registration, ID card printing, and campus store purchases. Students and parents can access these services 24/7 without visiting administrative offices.
These systems promote financial independence among students and reduce bottlenecks during peak registration periods. Integration with student accounts and financial aid systems ensures accurate billing and real-time transaction tracking.
Government & Public Services
While not listed in the original content, it's worth noting that government agencies increasingly use kiosk card readers in DMVs, post offices, and municipal centers for services like license renewals, bill payments, and permit applications.
These kiosks improve service accessibility, reduce processing times, and lower operational costs. They are especially beneficial in underserved or rural communities where staffing may be limited.
| Industry | Primary Use Cases | Key Benefits |
|---|---|---|
| Retail | Self-checkout, returns, loyalty redemption | Reduced wait times, improved accuracy, lower labor costs |
| Food & Beverage | Ordering, customization, payment | Faster service, higher order values, reduced errors |
| Hospitality | Check-in/out, reservations, key issuance | 24/7 availability, enhanced guest experience, staff efficiency |
| Transportation | Ticketing, seat upgrades, baggage fees | Smooth passenger flow, reduced congestion, contactless options |
| Entertainment | Ticket sales, season passes, concessions | Improved crowd control, increased sales, customer engagement |
| Healthcare | Patient check-in, co-pay collection, scheduling | Reduced administrative load, faster processing, privacy compliance |
| Education | Tuition payment, registration, ID services | 24/7 access, streamlined administration, student independence |
Emerging Trends and Considerations
Important: When implementing kiosk card readers, businesses must ensure compliance with data protection regulations (e.g., GDPR, CCPA) and conduct regular security audits. Poorly secured kiosks can become targets for skimming devices or malware. Always choose reputable vendors with proven track records in secure payment solutions.
What Makes Kiosk Card Readers Durable
Kiosk card readers are essential components in commercial environments such as retail stores, self-service terminals, transportation hubs, and healthcare facilities. Given their constant exposure to public use, they must be engineered for resilience and longevity. These devices are built to endure heavy daily usage, frequent transactions, and unpredictable environmental conditions. Understanding the engineering and design features behind their durability helps businesses choose reliable payment solutions that minimize downtime and maintenance costs.
Sturdy Housings
The outer casing of kiosk card readers is specifically designed to withstand physical impacts, liquid spills, and harsh operating environments. Constructed from reinforced engineering plastics or ruggedized metals like die-cast aluminum, these housings protect sensitive internal circuitry from damage due to accidental bumps, vandalism, or rough handling in high-traffic areas.
- Impact-resistant polymers absorb shock and prevent cracking under stress
- Metal-reinforced corners and edges enhance structural integrity
- Non-slip textures reduce the risk of dropping during servicing
Key benefit: Ensures long-term reliability even in unattended or public-facing installations.
Sealed Ports and Environmental Protection
To prevent contamination from dust, moisture, and debris, kiosk card readers feature fully sealed connection points and ingress-protected designs. Most models carry an IP (Ingress Protection) rating—such as IP54 or higher—certifying resistance to solid particles and low-pressure water jets.
- Rubber gaskets and silicone seals prevent moisture ingress around slots and ports
- Conformal coating on internal electronics guards against humidity and condensation
- Protected magstripe and EMV slots resist dirt buildup and foreign object insertion
Critical for: Outdoor kiosks, food service locations, and industrial settings with elevated exposure risks.
High-Grade Materials for Card Inserts
The card entry mechanism—especially the card guide and insert channel—is subject to constant friction and wear. To combat this, manufacturers use premium materials such as stainless steel, hardened plastics (e.g., polycarbonate or ABS blends), and anodized aluminum, which resist corrosion, scratching, and mechanical fatigue.
- Stainless steel guides maintain smooth card passage over tens of thousands of swipes
- UV-stabilized plastics prevent yellowing and brittleness in sunlight-exposed units
- Self-lubricating components reduce friction without requiring maintenance
Longevity impact: High-quality materials can extend service life by up to 2–3 times compared to standard consumer-grade readers.
Reinforced Connection Points
The data and power interfaces—such as USB, RS-232, or Ethernet ports—are among the most vulnerable parts of any electronic device. In kiosk applications, where cables are frequently plugged and unplugged or subject to tension, manufacturers reinforce these connections with strain relief brackets, overmolded connectors, and metal shielding.
- Overmolded cables prevent wire breakage at stress points
- Locking USB or screw-terminal connectors ensure secure attachment
- Internal potting compounds stabilize solder joints against vibration
Pro tip: Look for readers with industrial-grade connectors rated for 10,000+ insertion cycles.
Internally Mounted Components
For both security and durability, critical components such as circuit boards, processors, and memory modules are mounted deep within the housing. This internal layout prevents accidental contact, reduces exposure to environmental hazards, and makes tampering significantly more difficult.
- Components are shielded behind protective barriers and mounting trays
- Strategic placement minimizes heat buildup and improves airflow
- Modular designs allow for easy replacement without full disassembly
Added value: Reduces field service time and increases uptime in mission-critical applications.
Tamper-Resistant Design
Security and durability go hand-in-hand. Kiosk card readers incorporate tamper-evident screws, locking housings, and anti-pry casings to deter unauthorized access. Some advanced models include built-in tamper switches that trigger alerts or erase sensitive data if breached.
- Torx or pin-style security screws prevent casual disassembly
- One-piece sealed enclosures eliminate removable panels
- Internal sensors detect casing breaches and log intrusion attempts
Compliance note: Meets PCI PED (Payment Card Industry Peripheral Equipment) standards for secure transaction environments.
Rigorous Testing Standards
Before deployment, kiosk card readers undergo extensive testing to simulate real-world stresses. These procedures ensure reliability across diverse operating conditions and validate compliance with international safety and performance benchmarks.
- Thermal cycling tests verify performance in extreme temperatures (-20°C to +60°C)
- Vibration and drop testing mimic transport and installation shocks
- Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) testing ensures stable operation near other electronics
- Lifecycle testing simulates 5+ years of continuous use (over 1 million transactions)
Quality assurance: Reputable manufacturers follow ISO 9001 and IEC 62471 standards for consistent quality control.
Design for Long-Term Serviceability
Beyond initial durability, modern kiosk card readers are engineered for long-term maintainability. Features like modular construction, field-replaceable parts, and diagnostic feedback systems help extend operational life and reduce total cost of ownership.
- Quick-swap modules allow rapid replacement of worn components
- Firmware upgradability supports evolving security protocols (e.g., EMV, contactless)
- LED status indicators assist in diagnosing connection or read errors
Smart investment: Durable, serviceable readers reduce replacement frequency and lower environmental impact.
Professional Insight: When selecting kiosk card readers, prioritize models with documented durability certifications (e.g., IP65, MIL-STD-810G) and proven track records in similar environments. While upfront costs may be higher, the reduced need for repairs, replacements, and downtime results in significant long-term savings—especially in unattended or remote installations.
| Feature | Material/Design Specification | Durability Benefit | Common Applications |
|---|---|---|---|
| Enclosure Housing | Reinforced ABS + UV stabilizers or die-cast aluminum | Impact and weather resistance | Outdoor kiosks, parking systems |
| Card Insert Guide | Stainless steel or hardened polycarbonate | Wear and corrosion resistance | Retail POS, ticketing machines |
| Port Sealing | IP54 or higher with rubber gaskets | Dust and splash protection | Food courts, hospitals, gyms |
| Connection Points | Overmolded USB/RS-232 with strain relief | Vibration and pull-force resistance | Industrial automation, vending |
| Tamper Protection | Locking screws, tamper switches, sealed casing | Security and anti-vandalism | ATMs, self-checkout, transit |
Additional Considerations for Maximum Longevity
- Environmental Adaptability: Choose readers rated for the specific climate—especially important for outdoor or unheated locations.
- EMV & Contactless Readiness: Future-proof durability by selecting models that support evolving payment technologies without hardware replacement.
- Warranty and Support: Opt for manufacturers offering extended warranties (3–5 years) and responsive technical support.
- Anti-Counterfeit Protection: Advanced readers include encryption and authentication to prevent skimming and cloning.
- Sustainable Design: Recyclable materials and modular parts contribute to eco-friendly operations and lower e-waste.
How to Choose Kiosk Card Readers: A Comprehensive Buyer’s Guide
Selecting the right kiosk card reader is a critical decision that directly impacts transaction efficiency, customer satisfaction, and overall business performance. With the growing demand for self-service solutions across retail, hospitality, healthcare, and transportation sectors, businesses must carefully evaluate several key factors to ensure their kiosk payment systems are secure, reliable, and future-ready. This guide breaks down the essential considerations to help you make an informed choice when purchasing card readers for kiosks.
Important Note: A poorly chosen card reader can lead to transaction failures, security vulnerabilities, increased downtime, and frustrated customers. Investing time in proper selection pays dividends in operational efficiency and customer trust.
Key Factors to Consider When Choosing Kiosk Card Readers
- Payment Adaptability
Modern consumers expect fast, flexible, and secure payment options. When evaluating card readers for kiosks, prioritize devices that support a wide range of payment technologies to accommodate diverse customer preferences.
Ideal readers should support:
- EMV Chip & PIN: The global standard for secure card transactions, reducing counterfeit fraud.
- Magnetic Stripe (Swipe): Still relevant for legacy cards and backup processing.
- Contactless Payments (NFC): Enables tap-to-pay with credit/debit cards, smartphones (Apple Pay, Google Pay), and wearables.
- Mobile Wallet Compatibility: Ensure seamless integration with major digital wallets for a frictionless checkout experience.
- Multicurrency Support: Essential for businesses serving international travelers or operating in global markets.
Opting for a hybrid or multi-technology reader enhances customer satisfaction by reducing transaction time and minimizing payment failures, ultimately improving throughput and revenue.
- Integration Capabilities
Seamless integration with your existing technology stack is crucial for maximizing the value of your kiosk investment. The card reader should not operate in isolation but should be a connected component of your broader ecosystem.
Look for readers that offer robust APIs and SDKs for easy integration with:
- Point of Sale (POS) Systems: Real-time transaction syncing and inventory updates.
- Customer Relationship Management (CRM): Enables personalized experiences and loyalty program integration.
- Inventory Management Platforms: Ensures accurate stock tracking and automated reordering.
- Analytics and Reporting Tools: Provides insights into transaction trends, peak usage times, and customer behavior.
Compatibility with third-party applications and cloud-based platforms ensures scalability and future-proofing as your business grows and evolves.
- Security Features
With cyber threats on the rise, data security must be a top priority. A compromised kiosk can lead to financial losses, regulatory penalties, and reputational damage.
Ensure your chosen card reader includes industry-standard security protocols such as:
- End-to-End Encryption (E2EE): Encrypts card data from the moment it's read until it reaches the payment processor.
- Secure Key Injection and Storage: Protects cryptographic keys from tampering or extraction.
- PCI-PTS Compliance: Meets Payment Card Industry PIN Transaction Security standards for hardware.
- Tokenization Support: Replaces sensitive card data with unique tokens, minimizing exposure.
- Tamper Detection: Alerts or disables the device if physical tampering is detected.
These features not only protect customer data but also help your business comply with PCI DSS regulations and reduce liability in the event of a breach.
- Durability and Reliability
Kiosks are often deployed in high-traffic, unattended environments—airports, malls, stadiums, and hospitals—where they face constant use, environmental stress, and potential vandalism.
Choose card readers built for longevity and resilience:
- Ruggedized Design: Look for IP-rated enclosures that resist dust, moisture, and spills.
- High Cycle Ratings: Devices rated for tens of thousands of transactions ensure long-term reliability.
- Thermal and Shock Resistance: Suitable for both indoor and outdoor installations.
- Proven Performance Testing: Select models that have undergone extensive durability assessments under real-world conditions.
A dependable card reader minimizes service interruptions, reduces maintenance costs, and ensures consistent uptime—critical for maintaining customer trust and operational efficiency.
- Technical Support and Warranties
Even the most reliable hardware can experience issues. Prompt technical support and comprehensive warranty coverage are essential for minimizing downtime.
Before purchasing, evaluate the vendor’s support offerings:
- 24/7 Technical Support: Access to live assistance for troubleshooting hardware or connectivity issues.
- Remote Diagnostics: Enables quick identification and resolution of problems without on-site visits.
- On-Site Repair or Replacement: Critical for mission-critical deployments where downtime is costly.
- Extended Warranty Options: Longer coverage periods protect your investment and reduce long-term costs.
- Firmware Updates: Regular security and feature updates to keep the device current.
A strong support ecosystem ensures that any issues are resolved quickly, keeping your kiosks operational and your customers satisfied.
| Selection Factor | Key Features to Look For | Business Impact | Recommended Evaluation Criteria |
|---|---|---|---|
| Payment Adaptability | EMV, NFC, magstripe, mobile wallets, multicurrency | Increased transaction success, faster checkout, global reach | Test all payment types; verify wallet compatibility |
| Integration Capabilities | APIs, SDKs, POS/CRM compatibility, cloud connectivity | Streamlined operations, real-time data, scalability | Review integration documentation; test with current systems |
| Security Features | E2EE, PCI-PTS, tokenization, tamper detection | Data protection, compliance, reduced fraud risk | Verify certifications; request security audit reports |
| Durability & Reliability | IP rating, cycle life, thermal/shock resistance | Reduced downtime, lower maintenance costs | Check test reports; assess deployment environment |
| Support & Warranty | 24/7 support, remote diagnostics, replacement policy | Quick issue resolution, investment protection | Review SLAs; compare warranty terms |
Pro Tip: Before finalizing your purchase, request a demo unit or pilot program. Testing the card reader in your actual environment allows you to evaluate performance, user experience, and integration under real-world conditions—helping avoid costly mistakes.
Additional Selection Best Practices
- Future-Proofing: Choose readers that support software updates and emerging payment standards like QR code payments or biometric authentication.
- User Experience: Ensure the card reader is ergonomically positioned and clearly labeled for intuitive use.
- Vendor Reputation: Partner with established manufacturers known for reliability, innovation, and strong customer service.
- Total Cost of Ownership (TCO): Consider not just the upfront cost, but also maintenance, support, and potential downtime expenses.
- Compliance: Confirm the device meets regional regulations (e.g., GDPR, ADA, local payment mandates).
Selecting the right kiosk card reader is more than a technical decision—it's a strategic investment in customer satisfaction, operational efficiency, and long-term business growth. By carefully evaluating payment adaptability, integration, security, durability, and support, you can deploy kiosks that deliver seamless, secure, and scalable self-service experiences. When in doubt, consult with payment technology experts or request vendor consultations to ensure your choice aligns perfectly with your business goals.
Frequently Asked Questions About Kiosk Card Readers
EMV kiosks are equipped with advanced card readers designed to process EMV (Europay, Mastercard, Visa) chip cards, which offer enhanced security compared to traditional magnetic stripe technology. These readers communicate directly with the microchip embedded in the card, generating a unique transaction code for each use—making it extremely difficult to clone or fraudulently replicate.
In contrast, standard kiosks rely solely on magnetic stripe readers that read static data encoded on the back of credit or debit cards. This older technology is more vulnerable to skimming and data theft, which is why many businesses are upgrading to EMV-compliant systems to meet modern security standards and reduce liability for fraudulent transactions.
- EMV Kiosks: Support chip card insertion and often include contactless (NFC) payment options; widely accepted as the global standard for secure transactions.
- Standard Kiosks: Limited to swiping magnetic stripe cards; increasingly being phased out due to higher fraud risks and declining support from financial institutions.
Yes, many kiosk card readers are specifically engineered to operate reliably in outdoor environments. Manufacturers use durable, weather-resistant materials such as stainless steel housings and reinforced UV-stabilized plastics to protect internal components from moisture, dust, extreme temperatures, and physical tampering.
To ensure reliability, these readers are assigned an IP (Ingress Protection) rating—such as IP54 or IP65—that certifies their resistance to dust and water ingress. For example:
- IP65: Dust-tight and protected against low-pressure water jets from any direction.
- IP54: Limited dust ingress allowed, but protected against splashing water.
In addition, card readers are typically mounted within sealed enclosures or recessed compartments inside the kiosk, further shielding them from rain, snow, humidity, and vandalism. This design ensures long-term functionality even in harsh outdoor settings like gas stations, parking lots, and drive-thrus.
Absolutely. Modern kiosk card readers incorporate multiple layers of security to safeguard sensitive payment data and comply with industry regulations. Key security features include:
- End-to-End Encryption (E2EE): Encrypts card data immediately upon reading, ensuring that sensitive information remains protected throughout the transaction process and cannot be intercepted by unauthorized parties.
- PCI Compliance: Readers adhere to Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) requirements, which are mandatory for any device handling credit card information.
- Secure Cryptographic Module (SCM): Safely stores encryption keys and performs secure authentication to prevent tampering or cloning.
- Tokenization: Replaces actual card numbers with unique digital tokens during transactions, minimizing the risk of data exposure even if a breach occurs.
Together, these technologies ensure that customer data remains confidential and that businesses maintain compliance with financial and regulatory standards, reducing the risk of fraud and data breaches.
High-quality kiosk card readers typically last between 4 to 6 years under normal operating conditions. However, this lifespan can be extended significantly with proper maintenance and regular servicing.
Factors that influence longevity include:
- Usage Frequency: High-traffic locations (e.g., transit stations, retail stores) may experience faster wear and require earlier replacement.
- Environmental Exposure: Outdoor or industrial environments may accelerate degradation unless the reader has a high IP rating and protective housing.
- Maintenance Practices: Routine cleaning, firmware updates, and inspection for physical damage can prevent premature failure.
- Component Quality: Readers built with commercial-grade components from reputable manufacturers tend to outlast budget models.
Investing in premium hardware and proactive maintenance not only extends service life but also ensures consistent performance, reduces downtime, and lowers total cost of ownership over time.
To keep pace with evolving consumer preferences, most businesses equip their kiosk card readers with NFC (Near Field Communication) technology. NFC enables contactless payments by allowing compatible devices—such as smartphones, smartwatches, and contactless credit cards—to transmit payment data wirelessly when held within a few centimeters of the reader.
This technology supports popular mobile wallets including:
- Apple Pay
- Google Pay
- Samsung Pay
- Contactless credit/debit cards (e.g., Visa PayWave, Mastercard Contactless)
NFC adoption enhances user experience by speeding up transactions, reducing physical contact (a key benefit in hygiene-sensitive environments), and aligning with global trends toward cashless and mobile-first payment ecosystems. Many modern kiosk readers now integrate both EMV chip and NFC capabilities into a single, multifunctional terminal to support all major payment types seamlessly.








浙公网安备
33010002000092号
浙B2-20120091-4
Comments
No comments yet. Why don't you start the discussion?