Split Pins For Railway Explained: Structure, Material Properties, and Common Industrial Uses

Types of Split Pins and Rail Fasteners in Railway Systems

Railway fasteners play a critical role in maintaining track integrity, safety, and performance. Among these, split pins and associated components are essential for securing rails to sleepers, joining rail sections, and preventing displacement due to thermal expansion, heavy loads, or dynamic forces. While terminology may vary by region, their core functions remain consistent across global rail networks.

U Clambers (U Bolts)

Also known as U-clamps or rail anchors, these are U-shaped bolts used to secure rails to sleepers, especially in wooden or concrete ties. They are installed around the rail base and anchored into the sleeper, ensuring gauge stability.

Advantages

• Maintains accurate track gauge
• Allows controlled flexibility under load
• Resists lateral movement effectively
• Handles thermal expansion well

Limitations

• Requires precise installation
• Can loosen over time without maintenance
• Limited reusability after removal

Best for: Heavy freight lines, mining railways, and regions with extreme temperature fluctuations

Split Rail Pins

These semi-circular pins are partially inserted through rail and sleeper holes to allow slight movement while maintaining connection. Their design accommodates thermal expansion without compromising joint integrity.

Advantages

• Prevents rail breakage from thermal stress
• Simple and quick to install
• Allows for minor rail adjustments
• Widely compatible with standard rail systems

Limitations

• Less rigid than full bolts
• May require frequent inspection
• Not suitable for high-stress joints

Best for: High-speed rail lines, passenger routes, and sections prone to temperature variation

Square Screw Spikes

Featuring a square-threaded shaft, these spikes provide superior grip in wooden sleepers compared to round spikes. The design resists rotational loosening and enhances long-term holding power.

Advantages

• High resistance to wear and vibration
• Excellent grip in timber sleepers
• Durable under heavy loads
• Ideal for high-traffic zones

Limitations

• More difficult to install and remove
• Prone to corrosion if not treated
• Not ideal for concrete sleepers

Best for: Switches, crossings, and heavy-duty track sections

Fish Plates (Splice Plates)

Rectangular steel plates bolted across the ends of two rails to form a continuous track. Typically made from high-tensile carbon steel, they ensure load distribution and joint strength.

Advantages

• Strong and reliable rail jointing
• Evenly distributes dynamic loads
• Resistant to impact and fatigue
• Easy to inspect and maintain

Limitations

• Requires precise alignment
• Bolts may loosen over time
• Can create minor ride irregularities

Best for: Rail joints on mainlines, urban transit systems, and freight corridors

J-Bolts

Named for their J-shaped design, these bolts are embedded into concrete sleepers with the top portion securing the rail via a clip or plate. A split pin is often used to lock the assembly in place.

Advantages

• Provides exceptional track stability
• Highly durable in concrete systems
• Resists longitudinal and lateral movement
• Common in modern pre-stressed sleepers

Limitations

• Permanent installation (difficult to replace)
• Requires specialized tools for installation
• Only suitable for concrete sleepers

Best for: New railway constructions, high-speed rail, and ballastless tracks

Rail Anchors

Claw-like metal devices attached to the underside of rails to prevent longitudinal movement caused by thermal expansion, braking forces, or heavy train traffic.

Advantages

• Prevents rail creep effectively
• Enhances track safety and alignment
• Works well on flat or level tracks
• Low profile and compact design

Limitations

• Less effective on canted (superelevated) tracks
• Can increase maintenance complexity
• May interfere with track inspection systems

Best for: Straight track sections, non-canted lines, and areas with significant temperature swings

Fastener Type	Primary Function	Material	Durability	Common Applications
U Clambers	Secure rail to sleeper, maintain gauge	Steel	High	Freight lines, extreme climates
Split Rail Pins	Allow flexible rail connection	Spring steel	Medium-High	High-speed, passenger lines
Square Screw Spikes	Anchor rail in wooden sleepers	Carbon steel	Very High	Switches, crossings, heavy-duty
Fish Plates	Join rail ends securely	Carbon steel	Excellent	Mainline joints, urban transit
J-Bolts	Anchor rails in concrete sleepers	Steel with anti-corrosion coating	Very High	New construction, high-speed rail
Rail Anchors	Prevent longitudinal rail movement	Cast or forged steel	High	Flat tracks, thermal zones

Expert Tip: Regular inspection and maintenance of rail fasteners—especially in areas with high thermal variation—are crucial to prevent track misalignment, rail buckling, or joint failure. Lubrication of threaded components and replacement of worn split pins can significantly extend track life and improve safety.

Materials of Split Pins for Railway Applications

Split pins are essential fastening components in railway infrastructure, ensuring the secure attachment of rails to sleepers and maintaining track alignment under extreme operational conditions. The selection of appropriate materials for split pins is influenced by multiple factors including track load, environmental exposure, temperature fluctuations, and corrosion risk. Choosing the right material ensures long-term reliability, safety, and reduced maintenance costs. Consulting with engineering experts is strongly recommended to match pin materials with specific railway environments and performance requirements.

Common Materials Used in Railway Split Pins

Stainless Steel Pins

Stainless steel split pins are manufactured from corrosion-resistant alloys primarily composed of iron, carbon, chromium, and nickel. The most widely used grades in railway applications are austenitic stainless steels—specifically Grade 304 and Grade 316—due to their superior resistance to rust and chemical degradation.

These pins are especially effective in harsh environments such as coastal or marine zones where salt spray accelerates corrosion. They are also ideal for regions with high humidity, frequent rainfall, swampy terrain, or extreme temperature variations. Stainless steel maintains structural integrity at elevated temperatures, making it suitable for use in tunnels, braking zones, and areas with high friction-induced heat.

High-Carbon Steel Pins

High-carbon steel pins contain up to 1% carbon, along with small amounts of manganese and other alloying elements that enhance hardness, tensile strength, and wear resistance. While inherently more prone to corrosion than stainless steel, these pins offer exceptional durability under high mechanical stress.

They are commonly used in heavy-haul freight lines, mountainous routes, and industrial rail systems where load-bearing capacity and resistance to deformation are critical. To mitigate corrosion, high-carbon steel pins are often paired with protective coatings or installed in drier, controlled environments where moisture exposure is minimal.

Copper Alloy Pins

Split pins made from copper-based alloys—such as bronze (copper-tin) and brass (copper-zinc)—offer excellent fatigue resistance and moderate corrosion protection. These materials are particularly valued for their ability to withstand repeated stress cycles without cracking, making them ideal for dynamic loading conditions.

Copper alloy pins perform well in moderately humid climates and coastal areas where corrosion is a concern but not extreme. Their low coefficient of friction allows for easier assembly and disassembly, which is beneficial in maintenance-heavy applications or where vibration-induced loosening is a risk. They are also non-magnetic, which can be advantageous in signaling-sensitive sections of track.

Plated or Coated Pins

To combine the strength of carbon steel with enhanced corrosion resistance, many railway split pins are coated with protective layers such as zinc (galvanization) or nickel plating. These coatings act as sacrificial barriers, preventing moisture and oxygen from reaching the underlying metal.

Plated pins are widely used across urban transit systems, commuter railways, regional freight lines, and light rail networks—especially in temperate climates where extreme weather is uncommon. Zinc plating is cost-effective and provides good short-to-medium term protection, while nickel offers superior durability and aesthetic consistency in visible installations.

The Role of Split Pins in Track Fastening Systems

Track Stability: Split pins anchor rails securely to sleepers (ties), preventing lateral and vertical movement that could lead to misalignment or gauge widening.

Load Distribution: They help transfer the immense dynamic loads from passing trains across multiple support points, reducing stress concentration on individual components.

Vibration Damping: By securing joint bars and rail fittings tightly, split pins minimize vibration transmission between the rail and sleeper, enhancing ride smoothness and reducing wear.

Impact Absorption: During train passage, especially at switches and crossings, pins absorb shock forces, protecting both the track structure and rolling stock.

Safety Assurance: Properly installed split pins prevent accidental disengagement of critical fasteners, significantly lowering the risk of derailments.

Maintenance and Replacement Guidelines

Railway fastening systems are subject to continuous stress, environmental degradation, and mechanical fatigue. Regular inspection and timely replacement of split pins are vital for maintaining track integrity and operational safety.

Visual Inspections: Conduct routine checks for signs of rust, bending, cracking, elongation, or shearing. Pay special attention to joints, curves, and high-traffic zones where stress is highest.

Corrosion Monitoring: Look for pitting, flaking, or white deposits (especially on plated pins), which indicate early-stage corrosion. Address drainage issues if water pooling is observed near fasteners.

Timely Replacement: Any pin showing significant wear or damage should be replaced immediately using OEM-specified or approved equivalents. Never reuse deformed or corroded pins.

Preventive Measures: Apply protective lubricants or anti-seize compounds where appropriate to reduce galling and ease future maintenance. Ensure proper track drainage to minimize moisture retention around fasteners.

Record Keeping: Maintain logs of inspection dates, observed conditions, and replacements performed to support predictive maintenance strategies and compliance audits.

Important: Failure to maintain or replace degraded split pins can lead to catastrophic track failures, including rail separation and train derailment. Always adhere to national rail standards (e.g., AREMA, UIC, or ISO) and manufacturer recommendations. Regular maintenance not only ensures safety but also extends the service life of the entire track system, reducing lifecycle costs and unplanned downtime.

How to Choose Split Pins for Railway Applications

Selecting the right split pins for railway fastening systems is a critical engineering decision that directly impacts track safety, stability, and long-term maintenance efficiency. With various rail profiles, traffic loads, and environmental conditions, choosing the appropriate split pin ensures secure rail joint integrity under dynamic operational stresses.

Railway fastening systems vary significantly in design and performance, each offering distinct advantages. Some prioritize ease of maintenance and quick replacement, while others emphasize cost-efficiency or long-term durability. Understanding the key selection criteria allows engineers and maintenance teams to match the right split pin solution to the specific track requirements.

Rail Size and Profile Compatibility

The physical dimensions and cross-sectional shape of the rail are the primary factors in determining the correct split pin type. Mismatched fasteners can lead to improper alignment, reduced clamping force, and premature failure.

• Large rail sections (e.g., 115RE, 136RE) require extended-neck split pins to ensure full engagement and sufficient retention strength
• Smaller or light-rail profiles (e.g., 80 lb/yd or less) are compatible with standard or shortened split pins, reducing material waste and installation time
• Pin diameter and curvature must align precisely with the rail base and chair design to prevent slippage or deformation
• Modern high-speed and heavy-haul lines often use standardized profiles (e.g., UIC, AREMA) requiring DIN or EN-compliant fasteners

Key consideration: Always verify rail specifications and fastener compatibility using track engineering schematics or manufacturer guidelines.

Traffic and Load Conditions

The volume and type of rail traffic dictate the mechanical demands placed on fastening systems. High-stress environments require robust components to maintain track geometry and prevent rail displacement.

• Low-traffic rural or branch lines can utilize cost-effective, simpler fastening systems with standard split pins due to minimal dynamic loading
• Urban commuter and mainline routes benefit from high-capacity DIN split ring pins and tensioner kits that resist lateral and vertical movement under frequent train passage
• Heavy-haul freight lines demand enhanced hold-down force; multiple fasteners per tie or reinforced anchoring systems are often required
• High-speed railways need precision-engineered fasteners to minimize vibration and maintain gauge consistency

Critical factor: In high-stress zones, consider using dual-split pin configurations or hybrid tensioning systems for added security.

Environmental Durability

External conditions such as moisture, temperature extremes, and chemical exposure significantly affect fastener lifespan. Corrosion-resistant materials are essential for long-term reliability.

• Coastal or high-humidity regions require split pins with anti-corrosive coatings like hot-dip galvanizing, zinc plating, or nickel alloy finishes
• Extreme temperature zones (arctic or desert climates) need materials with low thermal expansion coefficients to maintain clamping force
• Industrial or chemically aggressive environments may necessitate stainless steel or polymer-coated fasteners
• Regular inspection and re-tensioning are recommended in corrosive areas to prevent joint loosening

Pro tip: Galvanized split pins offer excellent corrosion resistance and are widely used in marine-influenced track sections.

Maintenance and Longevity

The ease of inspection, adjustment, and replacement plays a major role in lifecycle costs, especially on busy or remote lines where downtime is costly.

• Elastic rail anchors and resilient fastening systems allow controlled rail movement due to thermal expansion, reducing stress and wear
• Self-locking split pins reduce the risk of vibration-induced loosening, minimizing maintenance frequency
• Spike ties, tie plates, and bar assemblies offer long service life and low maintenance, ideal for remote or automated track sections
• Fasteners with visual wear indicators or torque-sensing features simplify condition monitoring

Smart choice: Invest in maintenance-friendly systems to reduce long-term labor and track access costs.

Cost and System Complexity

Balancing upfront cost with long-term value is crucial in railway infrastructure planning. While some fasteners are cheaper initially, their lifecycle performance may be inferior.

• Basic split pins are economical and suitable for low-risk, low-maintenance applications
• Premium fastening kits with tensioners and anti-vibration components cost more but offer superior hold and durability
• Installation efficiency can offset higher material costs—pre-assembled kits reduce labor time and error rates
• Consider total cost of ownership, including replacement frequency, inspection needs, and potential downtime

Time-saving tip: Use standardized, modular fastening systems to streamline procurement and field repairs.

Track Design and Application Flexibility

Not all fasteners are suitable for every track configuration. Compatibility with switches, crossings, and transitional sections is essential.

• Fixed mainline tracks benefit from rigid, high-tension fasteners that maintain precise gauge and alignment
• Switch points and turnouts require specialized, adjustable fasteners that accommodate movement and varying rail angles
• Temporary or modular tracks (e.g., construction zones) need quick-install, reusable split pins for flexibility
• Hybrid fastening systems enable seamless transitions between different rail profiles or track types

Technical note: Ensure fasteners comply with relevant standards (e.g., DIN 6893, EN 13146) for interoperability and safety certification.

Professional Recommendation: For most mainline applications, prioritize DIN-compliant, galvanized split pins with elastic anchoring features. These provide an optimal balance of strength, corrosion resistance, and maintenance efficiency. In high-traffic or heavy-load zones, consider upgrading to tensioner-equipped systems to enhance track stability and extend service intervals. Always consult track engineering specifications and environmental assessments before finalizing fastener selection.

Application Type	Recommended Fastener Type	Material & Coating	Maintenance Interval
Rural low-traffic line	Standard split pin	Carbon steel, zinc-plated	Every 2–3 years
Urban commuter rail	DIN split ring pin with tensioner	Galvanized high-tensile steel	Annual inspection
Heavy-haul freight route	Reinforced dual-pin system	Stainless steel or nitrided alloy	Biannual inspection
Coastal/marine environment	Corrosion-resistant hybrid fastener	Hot-dip galvanized or polymer-coated	Every 6–12 months

Additional Selection Criteria

• Compliance Standards: Ensure fasteners meet international standards such as DIN 6893, BS 8149, or AREMA Chapter 30 for safety and interoperability
• Vibration Resistance: Look for split pins with serrated edges or locking tabs to prevent loosening under dynamic loads
• Installation Tools: Some systems require specialized drivers or torque wrenches—factor in tool availability and training
• Inspection Accessibility: Choose designs that allow visual or ultrasonic inspection without disassembly
• Sustainability: Recyclable materials and long-life fasteners reduce environmental impact and lifecycle costs

How to Use and Replace Split Pins for Railway Applications

Split pins play a crucial role in railway track fastening systems, ensuring rails remain securely fixed to sleepers and maintaining track alignment under dynamic loads. Proper installation, regular maintenance, and timely replacement of split pins are essential for track integrity, operational safety, and long-term cost efficiency. This guide provides a comprehensive overview of split pin usage in railway infrastructure, including installation procedures, inspection protocols, and safe replacement techniques.

Safety Warning: Always follow railway safety protocols when working on tracks. Ensure proper signage, communication with control centers, and use of personal protective equipment (PPE). Never work on live tracks without authorization and appropriate safety measures in place.

Application Area	Key Procedures	Inspection Focus	Maintenance Tips
Rail Fastening	Align components, insert split pin through rail and sleeper, apply tension using specialized tool	Pin alignment, washer placement, tension consistency	Use calibrated tensioning tools; verify fit before full tightening
Maintenance Practices	Conduct scheduled visual and tactile inspections; document findings	Cracks, bending, corrosion, loosening, fatigue signs	Implement condition-based monitoring; prioritize high-stress zones
Pin Replacement	Relieve rail tension, remove old pin, install new pin, re-tension	Smooth insertion, correct depth, uniform twist	Replace in pairs if adjacent pins show wear; avoid mixing old and new
Emergency Response	Immediate isolation, temporary shoring, rapid pin replacement	Track displacement, excessive vibration, audible metal fatigue	Keep emergency kits on hand; train crews in rapid response

Rail Fastening with Split Pins

The split pin fastening system is a critical component in securing rails to wooden or concrete sleepers. This system typically includes the split pin, washer or collar (where applicable), and supporting hardware designed to maintain consistent rail alignment under thermal expansion and dynamic train loads.

To install a split pin:

1. Align the rail hole with the corresponding sleeper bore to ensure proper pin insertion.
2. Insert the split pin through the aligned holes in the rail base and sleeper.
3. If specified by design, place a washer or load-distributing collar around the base of the pin to prevent localized stress on the sleeper material.
4. Use a calibrated tensioning tool to twist the split pin, creating radial expansion that locks the pin in place and draws the rail tightly down onto the sleeper.
5. Verify full engagement by checking that the twisted portion is uniform and the rail is firmly seated.

This mechanical interference fit provides excellent resistance to vibration and lateral movement, making it ideal for heavy-haul and high-speed rail applications.

Maintenance and Inspection Practices

Regular inspection of split pins is vital to prevent track degradation and ensure passenger and freight safety. Rail operators should implement a structured maintenance schedule based on traffic volume, environmental conditions, and historical wear data.

During inspections, technicians should look for:

• Bending or distortion: Indicates overloading or improper installation.
• Cracking or splitting: Early signs of metal fatigue that can lead to sudden failure.
• Rusting or corrosion: Especially in coastal or high-moisture environments; compromises structural integrity.
• Loosening or pull-through: Suggests inadequate initial tension or sleeper degradation.

Early detection through routine monitoring reduces long-term maintenance costs and prevents unplanned service disruptions. Digital inspection logs and predictive analytics can enhance the effectiveness of maintenance programs.

Signs That Indicate Pin Replacement Is Needed

Timely replacement of worn or damaged split pins is essential to maintain track stability and prevent derailments. The following conditions require immediate attention and pin replacement:

• Excessive rust or pitting: Corrosion that penetrates more than 10% of the pin’s cross-section.
• Visible bending or deformation: Any deviation from the original straight configuration.
• Crazing or micro-cracks: Detected visually or with magnification tools.
• Loss of tension: The pin no longer holds the rail securely, allowing movement.
• Previous repair history: Pins that have been re-tensioned multiple times may have reduced lifespan.

Delaying replacement increases the risk of cascading failures, where one failed pin places additional stress on adjacent fasteners.

Step-by-Step Guide to Replacing Split Pins

Replacing a split pin safely requires careful handling to avoid damaging the rail or sleeper. Follow these steps for a secure and efficient replacement:

1. Relieve rail tension: Slightly lift the rail using a rail jack to release the downward pressure on the pin. This reduces strain during removal and prevents binding.
2. Remove the old pin: Using pliers, a pin extractor, or pneumatic tool, carefully pull the split pin straight out. Avoid twisting or forcing if resistance is encountered—investigate for obstructions.
3. Inspect the bore hole: Check both the rail and sleeper holes for ovaling, splitting, or debris. Clean as needed and assess whether the sleeper requires repair or replacement.
4. Insert the new pin: Slide the new split pin through the rail and sleeper bore. Ensure it is fully seated and aligned before proceeding.
5. Apply tension: Use a calibrated tensioning tool to twist the pin until it reaches the manufacturer-specified torque or visual standard (e.g., 90° or 180° twist).
6. Final check: Confirm the rail is properly seated, the pin is secure, and there is no movement under light probing.

Expert Tip: Always keep a log of pin replacements, including location, date, condition of the old pin, and installer name. This data supports predictive maintenance planning and helps identify recurring issues in specific track sections.

Additional Best Practices

• Use only manufacturer-approved or standardized split pins that meet railway specifications (e.g., AREMA, UIC, or ISO standards).
• Train maintenance crews on proper tool usage and safety procedures for working on live or adjacent tracks.
• Store replacement pins in a dry, controlled environment to prevent premature corrosion.
• Consider upgrading to corrosion-resistant alloys or coated pins in harsh environments.
• Coordinate pin replacement with other track maintenance activities (e.g., tamping, gauge correction) to maximize efficiency.

Proper use and maintenance of split pins are fundamental to railway safety and reliability. By adhering to best practices in installation, inspection, and replacement, rail operators can ensure long-term track performance, reduce lifecycle costs, and safeguard both personnel and passengers. When in doubt about the condition of fasteners or the correctness of procedures, consult a qualified track engineer or maintenance supervisor.

Frequently Asked Questions About Railway Split Pins

Q1: How do split pins function within a railway fastening system?

Split pins play a critical role in securing the rail to the sleeper (or tie) by acting as a locking mechanism that prevents fasteners from loosening due to vibration and dynamic loads. They are typically inserted through holes in rail clips or baseplates and then bent outward to lock components in place, ensuring the rail remains firmly anchored.

Beyond securing the rail, split pins also accommodate limited lateral and longitudinal rail movement, which is essential for managing thermal expansion and contraction caused by temperature fluctuations. This controlled flexibility helps maintain track alignment and reduces stress on the rail structure.

To enhance performance and longevity, split pins are often used in conjunction with washers. These washers help distribute the clamping force evenly across the rail base, minimizing localized stress points that could lead to fatigue cracking or premature wear in both the pin and the rail assembly. This combination contributes to overall track stability and safety.

Q2: Why are split pins favored as a fastening option in railway systems?

Split pins are widely preferred in railway applications due to their combination of simplicity, reliability, and cost-effectiveness. Their straightforward design requires no complex manufacturing or installation procedures, making them easy to deploy during track construction or maintenance.

One of the key advantages is their ability to allow slight movement between rail components, which is crucial for accommodating thermal expansion. As rails heat up during the day or in warm climates, they expand; split pins permit this movement without transferring excessive stress to surrounding components, thus preventing buckling or distortion of the track.

In addition to their functional flexibility, split pins are highly resistant to vibration-induced loosening—a common issue in rail environments due to constant train passage. Their secure locking mechanism ensures long-term stability, reducing the need for frequent maintenance. Because of these benefits, split pins are commonly used across various types of railway lines, including mainline tracks, sidings, and turnout areas.

Q3: How can the corrosion of split pins be avoided?

Corrosion is a significant concern for split pins, especially since many are made from carbon steel—an alloy that is strong and affordable but prone to rust when exposed to moisture, humidity, and de-icing salts. Unchecked corrosion can weaken the pin, compromising its structural integrity and potentially leading to track failure.

To combat this, protective coatings are commonly applied during manufacturing. The most effective methods include:

• Galvanization (Zinc Coating): A layer of zinc is electroplated or hot-dipped onto the pin surface. Zinc acts as a sacrificial anode, corroding before the underlying steel, thereby extending the pin’s service life significantly.
• Nickel or Cadmium Plating: Offers superior corrosion resistance in harsh environments, such as coastal regions or areas with high chemical exposure. These coatings also improve wear resistance and reduce friction during installation.
• Organic Coatings (e.g., epoxy or polymer): Used in specialized applications where additional insulation or chemical resistance is required.

These protective layers not only prevent rust but also reduce friction between moving parts, minimizing wear during rail expansion and contraction cycles. Regular inspection and re-coating (if applicable) further enhance durability, especially in high-moisture or industrial zones.

Q4: What is the average lifespan of split pins used in railway applications?

The service life of split pins varies significantly depending on environmental conditions, traffic load, and material quality. In general, split pins in moderate climates with low humidity and minimal exposure to corrosive elements can last anywhere from 3 to 5 years.

However, in extreme environments—such as regions with heavy rainfall, snow, salt spray, or wide temperature swings—lifespan may be reduced to just 1 to 2 years due to accelerated corrosion and mechanical fatigue. High-traffic lines also contribute to faster degradation due to repeated stress and vibration.

To ensure ongoing safety and performance, railway operators implement routine inspection schedules. Visual checks and non-destructive testing methods help identify early signs of corrosion, deformation, or breakage. Proactive replacement of compromised pins prevents track misalignment, derailments, and costly emergency repairs.

The following table summarizes factors influencing split pin longevity:

Factor	Impact on Lifespan	Mitigation Strategy
Environmental Exposure	High moisture/salt = shorter life	Use galvanized or coated pins
Traffic Volume	Heavy use = increased wear	Frequent inspections and maintenance
Material Quality	Better alloys = longer durability	Source from certified suppliers
Installation Quality	Poor fit = early failure	Follow manufacturer guidelines

By combining quality materials, protective coatings, and regular monitoring, rail operators can maximize the reliability and lifespan of split pins across their network.