4 axis scara robot

Types of 4 Axis SCARA Robots

An automated assembly line usually comprises multiple components, including assembly line robots, conveyors, and quality inspection systems. Each part of the assembly line has several options from which users can choose. Here, they may consider different models of the 4-axis SCARA robot, which include but are not limited to:

• Tabletop 4 Axis SCARA Robots:

  These robots are compact and positioned on a table or work surface. 4-axis tabletop SCARA robots move horizontally and vertically to automate tasks such as assembly, pick-and-place, and testing. Their size makes them suitable for small-scale applications and limited workspaces. In addition, they are typically programmed with user-friendly interfaces and may use software simulation environments to simplify programming and deployment. This way, they are well-suited for educational purposes, prototyping, and light industrial applications where space is limited.

• Collaborative 4 Axis SCARA Robots:

  Also known simply as cobots, these robots are designed to work safely alongside human operators in shared workspaces. They are typically equipped with advanced sensing technologies (e.g., force sensors) that enable them to detect the presence of humans and respond to changes in their environment. This ensures that they can collaborate with people without requiring safety cages or barriers. 4-axis collaborative SCARA robots enhance automation and productivity by assisting human workers with tasks such as assembly, material handling, and quality inspection.

• Outdoor 4 Axis SCARA Robots:

  Outdoor 4-axis SCARA robots are specialized for outdoor applications. They can perform tasks like construction automation, agricultural machinery, and environmental monitoring. These robots usually have weather-resistant enclosures and may also possess robust mobility to work in outdoor, unstructured environments. Apart from this, they can be mounted on different types of bases, including stationary platforms, wheeled vehicles, and tracked systems. This way, they can basically operate in varied outdoor scenarios.

• Large-scale 4 Axis SCARA Robots:

  Large-scale 4-axis SCARA robots have bigger reaches and payload capacities. They are made to automate heavy-duty industrial automation tasks, including material handling, assembly of large components, and packaging in manufacturing facilities. Large-scale SCARA robots improve efficiency in industries such as automotive, aerospace, and electronics, where high-precision and high-speed automation is needed at a larger scale.

Specification and maintenance of 4 axis SCARA robots

This section will highlight some important specifications of the 4 axis SCARA robots and the maintenance tips to keep the robot in good condition.

• Joint range: This specification refers to the range of motion for each axis of the SCARA model. The joint range of the SCARA can be modified to suit the task it is intended to perform. For example, an industrial SCARA robot that is used for assembly tasks may have a joint range that is wide to give more flexibility. On the other hand, a robot that is used for quality inspection may have a narrow joint range so that it can cover the intended area with precision.
• Payload capacity: This SCARA specification refers to the maximum weight that the robot can carry when moving. This capacity can range from a couple of grams to several kilograms. The payload capacity of the SCARA has to match the weight of the items in the industrial space. A SCARA robot with a high payload capacity can be used for material handling, packaging, and assembly tasks. Conversely, a lightweight SCARA is suitable for precision tasks like inspection or fragile tasks like handling delicate electronics.
• End effector: The end effector is the last part of the SCARA robot that performs specific tasks. This part of the robot is designed to mimic a human hand so that it can pick, assemble, and manipulate objects. The SCARA end effector can be changed or customized to perform specific roles. For example, the end effector used for an assembly task may have a gripper. On the other hand, an end effector with a suction cup will be used for a packaging or palletizing task.
• Speed and acceleration: The 4 SCARA robot movement speed and acceleration are important specifications to consider when doing tasks that require time efficiency and precision. The speed is the SCARA motion speed when moving payloads from one point to another. Acceleration, on the other hand, refers to the rate at which the robot achieves its top speed. Some robots have linear speed around 1 to 3 meters per second with record acceleration of up to 5G.
• Power source: Most SCARA robots derive their power from electrical sources like industrial power grids or batteries. However, there are some models that use air-driven power (pneumatics) or hydraulics. The power source of the SCARA affects not only its movement but also the tasks it is suitable for. For example, a hydraulically-powered SCARA will have a higher payload capacity. This is because hydraulics generally have a high strength in handling heavy weights.

To keep the 4 SCARA robot in good condition, it is crucial to obey the manufacturer's guidelines. Below are some generic maintenance tips that apply to most 4 axis SCARA robots.

• Carry out regular inspections on the robot to identify parts that are worn out, loose, damaged, and need to be repaired or replaced.
• Ensure paying attention to the grease and lubrication requirements of moving parts. Lubrication reduces friction between moving components and ensures smooth movement.
• Operator training is very crucial to properly maintaining the robot. The operators should be trained to ensure they have the knowledge and skills to handle the robot appropriately.

Applications of 4-axis SCARA robots

4-axis SCARA robots can perform precise pick-and-place tasks at optimally high speeds, making them well-suited for tasks in manufacturing, clean rooms, and laboratories where human safety is not in jeopardy. Below are some applications of 4-axis SCARA industrial robots.

• Assembly operations

  4-axis SCARA industrial robots ensure product parts seamlessly integrate with each other by assembling small components proficiently, such as electronic devices, toys, and automotive parts. With their excellent precision and reliability, these robots enable manufacturing controllers to increase productivity and efficiency.

• Packing and packaging

  SCARA robots are used in packing and packaging production lines to carry out tasks like capping bottles, filling containers, and labeling. They can also insert packing material into boxes and arrange products onto palates with great speed and accuracy. Also, when robot arms move in a straight line, the SCARA design makes it ideal for pallet inverting and standing vertically.

• Quality inspection

  4-axis SCARA robots help humans check for defects and flaws, take samples, and inspect a product's quality at different levels set by industry standards. With the vision system added to the robot's feature, the defects can be detected, and quality control can be achieved with accuracy.

• Welding

  SCARA welding robots carry out various tasks like spot, arc, and resistance welding. Such robots are designed for multiple welding tasks and help join metal pieces accurately for automotive and appliance manufacturing.

• Medical and lab services

  4-axis SCARA robots for the medical and laboratory industries are used in high-precision applications such as drug and sample testing, sample synthesis, storage and retrieval, and specimen movement and handling. Tasks like double-label testing, sample dilutions, and distributing reagents fall under this category. Medical testing robots improve production speed and efficiency in drug testing.

• Food preparation and service

  SCARA robots efficiently handle and process food at high speeds while complying with strict hygiene regulations. Tasks like cutting, chopping, mixing, and assembling ingredients fall under the jobs the robot will be doing. Furthermore, food handlers will make fewer mistakes because of using SCARA robots, and the food will be processed faster.

How to choose 4 axis SCARA robots

Choosing the appropriate SCARA 4 axis robot necessitates thorough consideration of numerous aspects to guarantee that it meets industrial requirements and applications effectively.

• Payload and Gripper Selection:

  Identify the items the robot will handle, their weight, and how they are shaped. Calculate the required payload capacity by factoring in the weights of any end effectors, such as grippers, that may be attached to the robot. Select appropriate grippers, such as vacuum cups or mechanical claws, to ensure they can securely grasp the specific parts.

• Robot Reach:

  Determine the required reach by considering the size and position of the items that need to be picked and placed. Choose a robot with sufficient reach to perform the required tasks without any limitations.

• Speed and Cycle Time:

  Identify the required speed at which the robot must perform its tasks to meet production goals. Consider factors such as acceleration, deceleration, and cycle time. Choose a robot that can achieve the required speed without compromising performance.

• Controller and Programming:

  Select a robot controller that is easy to use and has a programming language that is familiar to the system operators. Ensure that the controller has the necessary I/O interfaces to connect to other devices in the automated system.

• Robot Dimensions:

  Consider the physical dimensions of the robot, including its height and footprint. Ensure that the robot will fit in the intended workspace without causing any disruptions to other processes or equipment.

• Communication and Integration:

  Ensure that the robot's communication protocols (e.g., Ethernet/IP, PROFINET) are compatible with other devices in the automation system. Verify that the robot can be easily integrated with PLCs, sensors, and other equipment.

• Force and Torque Requirements:

  Determine the amount of force and torque that will be required for the robot to handle items properly, especially delicate parts that require gentle handling. Choose a robot that can provide the necessary force and torque for the application.

4 Axis SCARA Robot Q and A

Q1. What is the load capacity of a 4 Axis SCARA Robot?

A1. Generally, 4 Axis SCARA Robots can weigh loads between 0.5 and 5 kg. But this may vary with the specific model and design.

Q2. Can a 4 Axis SCARA Robot be integrated with other automated systems?

A2. Yes. It's possible to integrate a 4-axis SCARA robot with other automated systems like conveyor belts, vision systems, and sensors. This integration allows for a more efficient and streamlined automation solution.

Q3. What industries use 4 Axis SCARA Robots?

A3. 4 Axis SCARA Robots are widely used in manufacturing. But they can also be applied in various other industries, such as Food and Beverage, Pharmaceuticals, Electronics, Automotive, and Consumer Goods.

Q4. What are some recent trends in 4 Axis SCARA Robot technology?

A4. Some recent trends include Collaborative SCARA Robots, AI and Machine Learning Integration, Cloud-Based Robotics, Enhanced Flexibility and Customization, and IIoT Integration.