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Calcium phosphate dibasic anhydrous is a dietary supplement. It’s mainly a calcium and phosphorus source that supports bone health and muscle development. However, this compound also comes in different types. They include:
Mono calcium phosphate (MCP)
Monocalcium phosphate is an inorganic compound with the formula Ca(H2PO4)2⋅H2O. It’s a calcium salt of phosphoric acid. MC is produced from natural mineral sources such as apatite through a chemical reaction known as wet-acid digestion.
The digestion process helps obtain highly soluble phosphates. They are then used in manufacturing compound fertilizers.
Dicalcium Phosphate (DCP)
Dicalcium phosphate is a mineral compound formed from calcium and phosphate. It’s obtained by treating naturally occurring apatite with sulfuric acid. The acid reaction produces calcium sulfate and phosphoric acid.
It can also be derived from other chemical sources of calcium. These include limestone and gypsum. Phosphate sources include sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid.
Dicalcium phosphate anhydrous
Dicalcium phosphate anhydrous contains the same two calcium cations and two phosphate anions as dicalcium phosphate. The only difference is that DCP anhydrous is the dehydrated form of dicalcium phosphate.
It lacks the water molecules present in the monohydrate form. As such, it has a higher concentration of calcium and phosphorus. They are preferred in applications where high solidity is required.
Calcium phosphate, dibasic anhydrous has various industrial applications. They include:
Fertilizers
Dicalcium phosphate is ideal for use in agricultural fertilizers. It provides essential calcium and phosphorus nutrients essential for plant growth. Calcium supports root development and improves the uptake of other nutrients.
Phosphorus, on the other hand, promotes strong root growth, flowering, and fruiting. DCP is highly soluble and accessible to plants. This makes it ideal for use in water-based fertilizers.
Animal Feed
Calcium phosphate is ideal in animal feed supplements. It provides calcium and phosphorus nutrients for bone health and muscle development in animals. Calcium supports strong bones and teeth in livestock and poultry.
Dicalcium phosphate also promotes egg production in laying hens. It helps improve eggshell quality. Calcium phosphate is also added to pet food to support bone health in cats and dogs.
Food and beverages
Mono and dibasic calcium phosphates are used in the food and beverage industry. They act as firming agents, phosphorus supplements, and acid regulators. Calcium is an important nutrient that supports bone and teeth health.
Phosphorus is also essential for energy production and cell function. Calcium phosphates improve meat and vegetable crispness by acting as firming agents. They also act as stabilizers and emulsifiers in beverages.
Pharmaceuticals and dietary supplements
Calcium phosphate, dibasic is common in the pharmaceutical industry. It’s used to manufacture calcium tablets and pharmaceutical calcium supplements. Calcium phosphate is also used as an excipient in drug formulation. It helps improve powder flow and tablet cohesion.
Calcium phosphates are also used in nutraceuticals. These are supplements that bridge the gap between food and medicine. Calcium phosphate enhances bone density and promotes overall bone health in these products.
Dental applications
Calcium phosphate is ideal for dental products such as toothpaste and mouth rinses. It helps remineralize teeth and prevent tooth decay. Calcium phosphate is also added to dental treatments. Here it helps repair enamel and strengthens teeth.
Chemical formula
The chemical formula of calcium phosphate dibasic anhydrous is CaHPO4. It’s formed from dicalcium phosphate by removing the water molecules. It’s a calcium salt of phosphoric acid that contains two calcium cations, one phosphorus atom, and one hydrogen atom.
Appearance
Calcium phosphate, dibasic anhydrous normally appears as a white crystalline powder. The powder can also appear as white granules. Its appearance often depends on its particle size and texture.
Odor
Dicalcium phosphate has no detectable odor. However, some suppliers add specific fragrances to it that mask its natural smell.
Taste
Calcium phosphate, anhydrous has a slightly earthy and mineral taste. This is mainly apparent when it’s used in dietary supplements and some food products.
Melting point
Calcium phosphate, dibasic anhydrous has a melting point of approximately 1580°C (2876°F). The melting point may slightly vary depending on the source and specific crystal structure of the compound.
Solubility
Calcium phosphate, dibasic anhydrous has a relatively low solubility in water. It dissolves slowly and releases calcium and phosphate ions gradually. This makes it ideal for long-term nutrient supply in fertilizers and dietary supplements.
Ion composition
Calcium phosphate dibasic contains two calcium cations, one phosphate anion, and one hydrogen atom. Calcium ions play a crucial role in various biological and chemical processes. Phosphate ions are essential for DNA, RNA, and ATP synthesis.
Fertilizers
Calcium phosphate dibasic anhydrous is mixed with other fertilizer components to create NPK (Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and potassium) fertilizers. This helps improve root development and overall plant growth.
Animal feed
It’s added to poultry and livestock mineral supplements for stronger bones and better muscle development. It’s mixed with other minerals and vitamins to create balanced feed formulations for livestock and poultry.
Food and beverages
It’s added to food and beverage formulations as a calcium supplement for improved bone and teeth health. It’s also used as a dietary phosphorus supplement for better energy production and cell function.
Pharmaceuticals
In the pharmaceutical industry, calcium phosphate dibasic anhydrous is mixed with excipients to produce calcium-based tablets and capsules. These include calcium supplements to support bone and teeth formation.
Dental products
In the dental industry, it’s mixed with toothpaste and mouthwash. This provides remineralization and improves teeth strength. It’s added to dental treatments. This helps repair enamel and strengthens teeth.
Soil health
Calcium phosphate dibasic anhydrous helps improve soil health and prevent soil degradation. It provides essential nutrients for soil microorganisms and aids in nutrient cycling.
Water quality
It supports better water quality through controlled nutrient release. This helps prevent nutrient runoff and water pollution.
Sustainable practices
Calcium phosphate dibasic anhydrous is used in sustainable agricultural practices and helps reduce dependency on synthetic fertilizers.
Purity
Ensure calcium phosphate contains no harmful contaminants. These include heavy metals, arsenic, or other toxic substances. The presence of these contaminants may cause adverse effects, especially in food and pharmaceutical applications.
Particle size and distribution
Calcium phosphate dibasic’s particle size affects its solubility and bioavailability. A smaller particle size increases its solubility, while a larger size prolongs its release in the system. This makes the former ideal in dietary supplements while the latter is used in fertilizers.
pH level
The ideal pH level for calcium phosphate dibasic anhydrous to thrive in is between 6-7. This neutral range is crucial for proper nutrient availability and prevents adverse reactions.
Storage conditions
Calcium phosphate dibasic anhydrous should be stored in a dry and cool environment. This helps prevent moisture absorption and preserves its anhydrous state. The compound should also be stored in airtight containers to avoid contamination.
Testing methods
Use methods like X-ray diffraction (XRD) or scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to examine its crystal structure and morphology. This ensures the compound meets the required standards for specific applications.
Contaminant testing
Perform contaminant tests to ensure it’s free from hazardous substances like heavy metals, lead, arsenic, and cadmium. Food and pharmaceutical-grade calcium phosphate often has strict heavy metal contamination requirements.
Aflatoxin testing
Aflatoxins are carcinogenic compounds often associated with improperly stored grains and seeds. Test for aflatoxins to ensure it’s safe for use in food and animal feed applications.
Microbial testing
Conduct microbiological testing to detect potential pathogens like Salmonella and E. coli. These can pose serious health risks if present in food or feed-grade calcium phosphate.
Phytochemical analysis
Conduct phytochemical tests to assess the presence of beneficial or harmful bioactive compounds. This ensures it’s safe and potentially beneficial for its intended use.
CaHPO4 is used in fertilizers as a phosphorus and calcium source that supports plant development. It’s also used in animal feed as a supplement that promotes bone health in livestock.
The benefits of calcium phosphate include supporting bone and teeth health. It also helps enhance muscle development and aid in tissue repair. Moreover, it may be beneficial for skin and dental remineralization.
Yes, it’s safe for humans. It’s mainly used as a calcium supplement in food, pharmaceuticals, and dietary supplements. However, those with specific medical conditions like kidney disease should consult their healthcare provider before taking calcium phosphate supplements.
Calcium phosphate is taken daily to support stronger bones and teeth. It aids in muscle development while promoting better energy levels. Moreover, regular intake helps prevent calcium deficiency, maintaining a balanced level of nutrients in the body.
