Types of Desktop CNC Router Kits
A desktop CNC router kit is a small CNC router that can fit on a desktop and is mainly used for carving and cutting. Several types of desktop CNC router kits are available, including the following:
- Small-scale woodwork: The most popular type of desktop CNC router is the Small-scale woodwork. This type of desktop CNC router kit is primarily used for signage, model making, and light construction. Generally, it has a work area of about 24x24x4 inches or less. The kits are designed for use on the desktop or small tables. Therefore, they do not require a lot of floor space.
- Mini CNC Router Kit: Also referred to as the hobby and DIY model, the mini CNC router kit is very small and usually fits on the top of a desk. For this type, the work area is controlled to allow placement on standard furniture. As a result, they have a maximum work area of about 12x12x3 inches or less. Due to their small size, they are easy to use and affordable for hobbyists and DIY enthusiasts. Most of them are used for engraving on materials like wood, plastic, and soft metals.
- PCB desktop CNC routers: These kits are specially made for PCB (Printed Circuit Board) routing. They come with features that assist users in making precise cuts and engravings on circuit board materials. Such features may include a Z-axis control for depth adjustment, a high-speed spindle for clean cuts and limited board damage, and a dust extraction system. Generally, these routers have a work area that can easily accommodate standard circuit board sizes, usually about 24x12x4 inches or similar. This allows the user to create space for the layout of most electronic projects.
- Universal Desktop CNC Routers: These are desktop CNC routers equipped with a spindle holder designed to accommodate standard rotary spindles used in woodworking, metalworking, and other material machining applications. This includes an adaptor plate and a mounting bracket that can easily fit onto the router's Z-axis assembly. Generally, these kits are quite versatile and can be used in various applications by interchanging the spindle fitted into it.
- Metal CNC routers: A desktop metal CNC router fabricates parts and prototypes directly from metal without any tooling. This means that no tooling is required for the production of an endless supply of parts. Metal CNC routers operate by using the same process as standard CNC machining. They use a pre-programmed computer to control the movement of the machine along various axes to cut and engrave solid metal materials into distinct shapes and sizes. Desktop CNC metal routers are used mostly used by small-scale metal fabricators and manufacturers for rapid prototyping, specialty production, and single-part production.
Specification and Maintenance
Here are the simple specifications that a 3018 pen CNC router kit has. With these specifications, people will see how suitable this kit is for small-scale projects and home use.
- Machine Size: The usual size of a 3018 CNC router is about 350mm x 450mm x 200mm. This measurement means the machine has a working area of 300mm x 180mm x 45mm. When considering this specific size, it is easy to fit on any desktop worktable. This size is also great for people with small rooms or workshops.
- Frame Material: Most 3018 CNC machines use an aluminum alloy/PVC frame. This material is lightweight and ideal for DIY projects. This frame is also easy to assemble and move when needed.
- Offline Controller; Some 3018 kits have an offline controller. This controller allows users to control the router without connecting to a computer. The offline controller lets users set up and run jobs directly from the device. This feature gives users more independence and freedom when routing.
- Motor: This CNC router machine has two stepper motors. The first motor moves the Z-axis, while the second moves the X and Y-axes. The 3018 stepper motors are usually NEMA 17. Each motor has a holding torque that allows it to move and position the router precisely. This means the router will carry out the user's instructions well, down to the last detail.
- Spindle: The spindle on a 3018 router kit is compatible with a laser module and router. Customers can use the CNC router to engrave wood, metal, or plastic materials. The spindle also has different speed settings. This enables users to adjust its speed to meet the work material's needs and the project's requirements.
- Supported Software: The 3018 CNC router program works with several software applications for engraving and cutting. Some common software names include GRBL Controller, ArtCAM, LaserGRBL, and Easel. Users will find it easy to design their projects on any of these programs and transfer the design to the router for execution.
Maintaining a desktop CNC
People must take good care of their CNC router kits if they want them to last a long time and work well. Maintenance is very important for keeping the performance, accuracy, and reliability of these little machines.
- Routine Cleaning: It is best to clean the CNC router kit machine regularly. Use a soft brush to remove dust and debris from the entire machine. This routine prevents dirt from building up and keeps the air flowing well. A clean router will have better cooling.
- Lubrication of Moving Parts: Lubricate the rails and gantries after cleaning. Do this by applying a small amount of machine oil or grease. Then, wipe gently to remove excess product. This lubrication process creates smooth movement. It also prevents excessive wear caused by friction between the moving parts.
- Dust Collection: An ideal way to protect the 3018 CNC router dust from dirt is to use a dust collector. Connecting a dust extractor to the router helps greatly in keeping the work area clean. This action lowers the amount of debris on the machine. It also minimizes routing dust. A cleaner router operates better and has a longer lifespan.
- Regular Inspection: Users should constantly check their mini CNC router for any sign of wear, damage, or loose parts. Do a quick inspection after the job and before starting a new one. This routine helps to catch any potential problem early. With this early detection, users can fix issues before they develop into bigger, costly problems.
Uses of desktop CNC router kits
These machines are great for small-scale businesses that don't need a big CNC machine. Here are a few ways they can be used:
- Sign-making companies: A desktop CNC router kit can make different sign types. It can cut wooden, acrylic, and PVC boards into signs or letters in any shape. In addition, it has engraving functions for adding lovely decorations and words to the signs. This works very well for both store signboards and road signboards.
- Model-making businesses: A desktop CNC router kit is a helpful tool for making models. This includes architectural models, car models, and any other kind of models. It makes it easier for manufacturers to quickly develop new ideas by accurately and precisely cutting smaller materials like foam, plastic, and wood.
- DIY and prototyping shops: The desktop CNC router kit works perfectly for design and prototyping. Designers can use it to make their first models quickly from materials like wood and acrylic. These first models will help the designers see their ideas better. In addition, the router will help them get a feel for the final product. They can then improve their designs before making the final product.
- Personal use: If a person likes to make things by themselves, a small-DIY CNC router can help them make their home projects easier. This goes for people who usually work with wood or other materials like plastic or metal. With one of these machines, it's really easy and fast to cut and carve personalized home pieces and decorations.
How to choose a desktop CNC router kit
When choosing a desktop router kit, shoppers need to consider a few key factors to make a choice suitable for their specific usage requirements. First, they need to determine the maximum material size and work area they'll need to handle. Choosing a model with a work area that fits the most common sizes of materials they'll usually be working with is essential.
Second, users should think about the types of materials they plan to use the CNC router on. Kits designed for use with wood materials typically have different spindle and bit requirements compared to those meant for plastics, aluminum or other metals. Select a desktop CNC router kit that is compatible with the users' most common materials.
Cost is also a crucial factor to consider when choosing a desktop CNC router kit. Users should think about how much they'll be using the router and whether they're willing to take the time and expense of a more complex assembly and learning process. Simpler, less customizable routers tend to be more affordable but offer limited capabilities. In contrast, models with more advanced features and flexibility usually come at a higher price. People who are new to CNC routing may prefer to start with a more basic but still capable desktop router that allows them to develop their skills further. Those with more prior experience, on the other hand, might want to opt for a more expensive, fully equipped model.
Lastly, consider the CNC router's spindle speed. Choose the spindle speed based on the material's types and the cuts' required quality. Higher spindle speeds allow for faster cutting, but the ideal speed will vary depending on the material.
FAQ
Q1: What materials can a desktop CNC router cut?
A1: Both the capability and the material desktop CNC routers kits are designed to cut vary. Nonetheless, many desktop CNC routers are capable of cutting the following materials: wood, plastics, composites, soft metals, and foam materials.
Q2: Can a desktop CNC router be used for engraving?
A2: Yes, a desktop CNC router can be used for engraving. The device can perform various tasks, including engraving, cutting, and routing with the right bit, speed, and settings.
Q3: What software is used to operate a desktop CNC router?
A3: A desktop CNC router is usually operated using CAD or CAM software. Some popular programs include ArtCAM, Aspire, MasterCAM, and SolidWorks. Before loading the design into the router's control software, the design has to be annotated with one of the mentioned software.
Q4: Isassembly required when purchasing a desktop CNC router kit?
A4: Yes, some small desktop CNC router kits require some assembly after purchase. Assembly usually includes mounting the router frame, connecting the gantry system, and installing any necessary electronics and software components.
