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Market Overview: The global market for single axis robots is on a promising growth trajectory, reflecting the increasing demand for automation across various industries. According to Global Industry Analysts, Inc., the industrial robot positioners market was estimated at USD 1.1 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 1.6 billion by 2030, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.7%. Within this framework, the single-axis robot positioners segment is expected to grow even faster, at a CAGR of 6.2% during the analysis period. This growth is largely fueled by advancements in manufacturing efficiency and the need for precise automation solutions to optimize production processes, particularly in the automotive and electronics sectors.
Regional Insights: The U.S. market for single axis robots was valued at approximately USD 295.5 million in 2023, showcasing a strong foothold in the global landscape. Meanwhile, China's market is anticipated to grow at a CAGR of 5.3%, reaching USD 249.9 million by 2030, indicating a robust demand driven by rapid industrialization and technological adoption. Additionally, consumer behavior is shifting toward automation to enhance operational efficiency, with businesses increasingly prioritizing investments in robotics to address labor shortages and improve productivity. The competitive landscape is characterized by key players innovating to enhance performance and functionality, ensuring that single axis robots continue to meet evolving industrial needs and consumer expectations in the years ahead.
A single axis robot is a simple robotic mechanism that can move along a single axis or linear direction. It works like a sliding platform or a beam that slides back and forth along one line. The focus is on straightforward linear motion rather than complex movements. Despite its simplicity, single-axis robots can serve various purposes in industries. There are several types of single-axis robots, including:
Linear Actuators
Linear actuators are essential components of single axis robots. They are the driving forces behind the linear motion, converting rotational motion into straight-line movement. Linear actuators come in several varieties, including pneumatic linear actuators, electric linear slide actuators, electric linear push-pull actuators, and many more.
Sliding tables
Sliding tables, also known as linear motion platforms, provide a stable base for moving objects along a straight path. They assist with various motions precisely and accurately. Pneumatic or electric sliding tables can be employed depending on the needs of the application. An electric sliding table is used when the movement needs to be controlled precisely, such as in assembly processes. A pneumatic sliding table is preferable for more straightforward solutions requiring higher speeds and lighter weights, like packaging.
Linear Guide
A linear guide system offers low-friction pathways for a moving element to follow, giving it the capacity to carry large loads over great distances with accuracy. Guides for single-axis motion may use wheels, which are round and roll, or blocks, which have rectangular shapes and slide. Single-axis guides can provide flexibility in design by aligning with diverse motions perfectly.
Robot with linear encoder
A linear encoder measures the linear displacement of a moving part, giving feedback information about its position. Linear encoders can be used in conjunction with single-axis robots to provide precise control of their motion. This enables closed-loop control systems where the robot adjusts itself based on feedback from the encoder.
Lead screw and nut
A lead screw converts rotational motion into linear motion. When rotated, the screw moves the nut along its thread in a linear direction. Together, they create a compact single-axis robotic system capable of carrying out various tasks. To move objects linearly in response to rotatory motion, lead screws and nuts are frequently integrated with motors and gearboxes.
Linear Shaft
A linear shaft, also known as a sliding rod, provides a pathway for parts to move linearly in one direction. It often uses bushings or bearings to reduce friction and allow smooth movement. Linear shafts are commonly used to implement simple single-axis motions in machines and devices by letting moving elements slide along them.
Each type of single-axis robot has its characteristics and usages, which provide suitable solutions for different application needs when combined with other components.
Single-axis robots come in different specifications for use in various industries. The specifications of the single axis robot are as follows:
Payload Capacity
It refers to the maximum weight the single axis robot can transport or handle during operation. A typical single-axis palletizing robot has a payload capacity of up to 300 kg (661 pounds) or more.
Reach
This denotes the maximum distance the robot arm can extend from its base. The reach of single-axis robots varies according to design and intended use. For example, a horizontal linear sliding axis has an average reach of up to 1000 mm (one meter), while multi-joint axis robots have a reach of up to 4.5 m (15 feet).
Speed
The speed of a single axis robot denotes how fast it moves or completes tasks within a specific time. Different single axis robots have varying speed capabilities according to the model and design. A typical linear axis robot achieves a maximum speed of 1000 mm/sec (1 meter per second) or higher. Multi-joint robots typically have a maximum joint speed of 300 degrees/sec.
Precision
This denotes the accuracy of the single-axis robot when performing tasks. Depending on the design, the precision varies in different single-axis robots. Most single-axis robots execute movements with a repeatability of +/-0.02 mm (20 microns) or better, ensuring high accuracy during operation.
Communication/Integration
It refers to the ability of a single-axis robot to communicate and integrate with other external systems and devices. The robot can connect to various factory automation systems using standard communication protocols. These include EtherCAT, Profinet, Ethernet/IP, and many others.
Power Source
Single-axis robots have different power source options. These include AC servo motors, DC motors, or linear motors, depending on the application and requirement.
To prolong the lifespan of the single axis robotic arm and ensure optimal performance, it is crucial to adhere to a regular maintenance schedule. Here are some maintenance tips to keep in mind:
Regular Inspection:
Consistently examine the robot to detect any signs of wear, damage, or loose parts. Check for air leaks, water, or hydraulic connections, and ensure that the cable connections are secure.
Lubrication:
A single-axis robot has moving parts that require regular lubrication as specified by the manufacturer. This reduces friction and prevents mechanical failure.
Software Updates:
If applicable, implement the robot controller software updates provided by the manufacturer. This enhances the robot's functionality and security.
Cleaning:
Regularly remove dust, debris, and contaminants from the robot surfaces and work area. This prevents clogs and ensures efficient operation.
Cooling System:
If the robot has a cooling system, regularly inspect the hoses and components to avoid overheating.
While most single-axis robots are used in industrial settings, there are many other applications for these robots in various industries.
Automotive assembly
Single-axis robots are used in the automotive industry for various tasks like welding doors and windows, screwing parts of the vehicles together, assembling the vehicles, and more. Generally, they are preferred for their efficiency, precision, and speedy operations.
Manufacturing
Aside from the automotive industry, single-axis robots are also widely used in manufacturing industries to facilitate assembly lines. They are used to move products efficiently and quickly, assemble products, and pick and place items. The robots improve efficiency and reduce the need for manual work.
Packaging
Robots with single-axis controls are also great for streamlining packaging processes in industries. They are commonly used for tasks like carton assembly, product packing, and palletizing. More so, the robots help package products accurately and quickly while reducing the workforce required for packaging.
Food and Beverage
Food processing and beverage companies also make use of single-axis robots, especially for packaging. The robots help with tasks like product sorting, assembly, packaging, and palletizing. They are also used for their precision, speed, and sanitation features in food establishments, ensuring that it meets health industry standards.
Electronics
Electronics manufacturing companies employ single-axis robots to assist with assembly lines and precision of small-scale parts. They are also used for ensuring accurate placement of microcomponents in electronic devices, such as smartphones and tablets, as well as for their speed and efficiency.
Medical
In the medical industry, single-axis robots can be used to assemble medical devices and manage complex and delicate tasks. These devices are also employed for their precision in handling lab samples and automating diagnostic processes.
Application and type are the first two things to consider about single axis robots. The robot may not suit the job if the environment differs from the intended one. Focus on the axis robots designed for specific working environments. For instance, axis robots meant to work in cleanrooms will have features to satisfy that demand. Similarly, those intended to work in hazardous areas will have protective casings for the hazards.
Match the axis robot's task with its capabilities. Some single axis robots are designed to do particular tasks more efficiently, such as pick-and-place. A general-purpose single axis robot may not do such a task as efficiently. Consider efficiency, speed, and precision when matching the robot to the job.
Also, consider the system integration possibilities of the single axis robot. Choose a robot that can easily integrate the existing production systems. Axis robots that can seamlessly integrate the production system will save time during installation and cut costs.
Consider the cost of purchasing and maintaining the robot. The cost must match the potential return on investment (ROI) the robot will generate. Calculate the ROI, taking into account the efficiency the robot will introduce to the production line and the time it will take to pay for the robot.
Finally, evaluate the supplier's ability to offer maintenance and after-sales support. A good maintenance and support system can prolong the robot's lifespan and enhance its efficiency.
Q1. What does axis mean in a robot?
A1. The term axis in a robot denotes a point that enables the robot to turn or move. An axis can move vertically, horizontally, or in other directions. Powerful twisting motors called axis drives allow the robot to move about its axes.
Q2. What is the difference between single-axis and multi axis robot?
A2. A multi-axis robotic arm is made up of more fixed axes than an axis robot. Multi-axis robots, which commonly feature six to seven axes, can replicate human-like movement, making them ideal for complex tasks that call for a high degree of flexibility and precision. Single-axis robots, on the other hand, are more effective at straightforward manipulative operations like pick-and-place, lead the way, and gauging.
Q3. What are the challenges of single-axis robots?
A3. Single-axis robots are less flexible due to their limited movement. They require more space to set up than robots with multiple axes. Their ability to perform complicated tasks is limited. These drawbacks make multi-axis robots preferable for more complex tasks, but single-axis robots are still useful for simpler tasks that require less precision.
Q4. Do single-axis robots have applications in emerging industries?
A4. Single-axis robots are still useful for emerging industries that require less precision but more productivity. These include the garment industry, the solar panel industry, and food and beverage assembly lines. Their low cost and simplicity make them ideal for industries that need to automate but cannot afford more expensive multi-axis robots.
